Solutions Manual for Auditing & Assurance Services 9th Edition by Louwers


012345689 42625565


4226 4625
565

41

4




 4
1

! "56
#
$55
35
%2
5











, 012345689 42625565







!
"#"$

%&'#()


*






+55** . /43/5* 015652*36-4/552*
015,3-4* 01-5* 2*5 /24-*





 





96*7585*9:;<=>?@9<:AB=9CDAB2*513/2*1-**415 92*F2*G* FH2*G92*GI* JKL*
*
822/*4245554*2 4*36-5*15/3
*4-*
65 5*41*6,2*415654E*65 *415*-4


 *-8 *






242*?ECC6M*=?:NO2*?@@OC@?@9<:PAB U2*K2*J2*V2*I* FG2*FK2*FI2*UU2* J82*JKL*
283452/**28-6*2-*4-653
F6*75
2*;9:?:N9?QABC@?@O>O:@AB?MR9@9:SABCO=T9NOC6* K8*





 





G6*75645*2* 585*415*2564-*4124* H2*982*99* GJ2*GH2*U82*U92 JF2*JG2*JV2*JI2*JH
5225554*52,5*24-4*415*65-4-2* *UK2 * *
552655542*3655424-2*2* /-65*-8 UJ2*UV2*UI2*UH2
* *KF2 *
415*822/*4245554*2*513/2**1E* KG2*KU2*KK2*KV2
2 4-6* 5*4155*2*2*8-2/*3-4*-8*415 *KI2 *


 *2  46*

 H*


K


U6*7585*W=<;OCC9<:?QABCDOW@9N9C>AB2*513/2*4 9F* FU2*GV* J9*
*
,5E*126245646*









K6*75645*415*-62X24-*-8*34/ 9G2*9U* G82*UF2*KJ* VF*
*2-4 *
865*2*548E*415*26-*565*4124
*


 4 15E*-88566*






J6*75645*415*2 4*2*2 4-6** 9K2*9J2*9V2*9I FJ2*FV2*GF2*GU2 JU2*JJ*
-565542/2*4562/2*2*-35624-2/* * *GK*
2 46*





 





V6*Y4*2*513/2*415*65Z65554*8-6* 9H2*F82*F92*FF GG2*UG2*K9* V82*V9*
45-5*2*56485*34/*2-424 *
*[ 03 \*
2*-4156*564824-*22/24/5*4-*2*
2-4*36-85-2/6*
[L\*]455*65/245*4-*5 /43/5*/526*-4^545

, 012345689 42625565





!"!#

$%!$&'


9(9


9()




9(*




9(+




9(,
- 5.6/..012345678340190349:342:060;3446<<34=96<340>34?2203460734@A76:27734>@B2C06D27E34F15.25.G5.6/H.2
.36 IJKLLMNOPQRSTULVRSWNOLMXKYRSPQQRSZNLLM[QKRSV\YKPVLRSVNRSPORS]^_`_abcRSdNPQLRSPOXRSN[eKWVMfKLgRShNTK.ii46245.5j2k3i5.i 5.415.6/
.4124l.9m.4.5j4.4Ik56..ii.4264.Gn.36I 4.I6.565.J6Ik.4.36k26n.Ik3544I6o.)m.4.36I 4.i5..ii
.G5Ik5.IG Ii545o.*m.4.42j5..ii.6525o.+m./5n.I56k54.I4624..ii.G5.iI4o.,m./5n.5k3iIn55..ii.i525.415.544no
.2.k2n.I4 156.5j2k3i5.5j4(
pNRS\KQZRSTMOMTMqKRS[ULMOKLLRSYMLrRSPOXRSVPrKRSPXfPOVPdKRSNsRSNV\KYRSNZZNYVUOMVMKLRSZYKLKOVKXRSMORS_tuvabcRSWNT35445.G5.56Ik54H
. 5 I.k2/56.1.2.15J.5j545.IJJ56.w0xym. 5k2.4k5inH.65i524H.2.65i2Gi5.JI6k24I(.z1565.265.24.i524
.JI6.56Ik542i.I4I.4124.6525. 5k2.JI6.65i2Gi5.JI6k24I(.{64H.Ik3i5j4n..1\RSMTZQMKLRSV\PVRSKfKOVLRSPOXR
SVYPOLPWVMNOLRSMORS_tuvabcRSdQN[PQRS[ULMOKLL.56Ik54.2.G5.Ik3i245(.|I4.54I6. I.I4.125.415.i55i.IJ.5j35645
.555.4 I.36I356in.2I4.JI6.Ik3i5j.46224I(.5I..65kI455..11.k3i5.4124. 5I.k2/56.265.IJ45
.5326245.J6Ik.6654.2.3I4542i.G5.65i24I13. 5.4I. 425.2.4k5(.{I6.5j2k3i5H.54I6.k2n.I4.G5.2Gi5.4I
. 4. 424.iI24I.4I.15/. 3.I.4156.54k54(.z16..4k5544n..11.MTZQMKLRSV\PVRSMORS_tuvabcRS5IIk
.5 6Ik54H.54I6.2.I4156. 56.IJ.J22i.4245k54.55.4I.k2/5. 5I.kI65.623in.412.556.G5JI65(. .2
.65i4H.415.2Gi4n.4I.36Ik34in.IG42.11}2i4n.JI6k24I..5542i(.{I641..2.I5}55..11.k3i5.4124. 5I
.k2n.56 n..5ii.Ii5.J24.54k54(. .2.65i4H.415.I5}55.2.G5.5565.J.JI6k24I.2I4.G5.IG425
yJ.2ii.415. JJ5654.6/. 5..415.123456. 3.4I.41.3I4H.JI6k24I.6/..415.I5.4124..kI4.i/5in.4I.65245.415
. 5k2.J I6.53554.2.IG~545.2625.565..JI6k24I.6/.I6.415.36IG2Gi4n.4124.415.JI6k24I.6i245.Gn
.2.54 4n..ii.G5.J2i5.I6.ki52(.-525.415.36k26n.I65.IJ.JI6k24I.JI6.54I6.2.654I6..415.Ik32n
.45iJH.2.545.5j4.JI6.4124.t€v^abc.k225k54.4I.k2/5.4156.G5.I6.565.233526.4I.G5.G54456.412.4.242iin
.k2n.G5H .4I.34.4156.G54.JII4.JI6.26(. .2.65i4H.36532656.2.56.IJ.J22i.JI6k24I.w654I6H.k2256H

, 012345689 42625565
24242415635355352
5
14
55
4

2552656344

624 134542
4
45654
5455
62436562 5611365415 56
2
6
415 52
6652
5
624
 
15
62!65554
415
62 5
4
2625565265
"535550# 244365565415665342423544522425
223655645642
!544
15356
62625565
#6
52565$64226%356
65
0#  5
52&36
5256'()*+22455
5554
! 54
255 2425,35655
"36415-24

6246445,4 155312&
624+0# .462422652
5,356450# 
25125-2 4
26 562
4415652
4265525

624241554
524652655
652454415
22665
4536 4
244542422 4565&/012)32+655252 

565414
46 2 62556556789:5;<=>?@A=>B9;?AC?=>9D=>5;D986E?59;=>65
564364 5
5154265454326426
 5 2%5641566
326426 536
5
46 52%56 415&(56+
2625565 52%56265415
55
265
4152625565
F5 2%562624
5415&52+412432415
5522624
55
4153264542
256464156
624
4415356
41556

52 

565436
526%
EGGH8E;BA=>GA8:5BAG=>A;<E<A6A;?=>22544124365415-24

6246445,4
6 5
2%56 I525
624J5
22424554
2653653265
2256
25441125241642
653
4
6
2256
26524562
5%53424124415
62446
!545
655
6

2

62452
655
624562566645426256454 15565
2535542 46153
6

55415 
4
525415

9K


9L


9M




9N




998