D426 DATA MANAGEMENT
FOUNDATIONS COMPREHENSIVE
EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
1. Which normal form is specifically concerned with removing partial functional
dependencies?
A. First Normal Form (1NF)
B. Second Normal Form (2NF)
C. Third Normal Form (3NF)
D. Boyce-Codd Normal Form (BCNF)
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: Second Normal Form (2NF) requires that the table is in 1NF and
that all non-key attributes are fully functionally dependent on the entire primary key,
thereby removing partial dependencies.
2. In the relational model, which property ensures that every row in a table is unique?
A. Referential Integrity
B. Entity Integrity
,C. Domain Integrity
D. User-defined Integrity
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: Entity integrity ensures that each row is uniquely identifiable by
requiring a primary key that is not null and unique.
3. Which SQL command is used to change the structure of an existing table?
A. ALTER
B. CHANGE
C. MODIFY
D. UPDATE
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: The ALTER TABLE command is a Data Definition Language
(DDL) operation used to add, delete, or modify columns in an existing table structure.
4. What does the ‘A’ in the ACID acronym stand for in database transactions?
A. Association
B. Atomicity
C. Authority
D. Availability
, Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: Atomicity ensures that all parts of a transaction are completed;
otherwise, the entire transaction is aborted (all or nothing).
5. Which operator is used to perform pattern matching in a WHERE clause?
A. MATCH
B. SIMILAR
C. LIKE
D. CONTAINS
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: The LIKE operator is used in conjunction with wildcards like %
and _ to search for specified patterns in a column.
6. What is the primary difference between the DELETE and TRUNCATE commands?
A. DELETE is DDL, while TRUNCATE is DML.
B. TRUNCATE removes specific rows based on a WHERE clause.
C. TRUNCATE can be rolled back, but DELETE cannot.
D. DELETE removes rows one by one and logs each, while TRUNCATE removes all rows by
deallocating pages and logs less.
Answer: D
FOUNDATIONS COMPREHENSIVE
EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
1. Which normal form is specifically concerned with removing partial functional
dependencies?
A. First Normal Form (1NF)
B. Second Normal Form (2NF)
C. Third Normal Form (3NF)
D. Boyce-Codd Normal Form (BCNF)
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: Second Normal Form (2NF) requires that the table is in 1NF and
that all non-key attributes are fully functionally dependent on the entire primary key,
thereby removing partial dependencies.
2. In the relational model, which property ensures that every row in a table is unique?
A. Referential Integrity
B. Entity Integrity
,C. Domain Integrity
D. User-defined Integrity
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: Entity integrity ensures that each row is uniquely identifiable by
requiring a primary key that is not null and unique.
3. Which SQL command is used to change the structure of an existing table?
A. ALTER
B. CHANGE
C. MODIFY
D. UPDATE
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: The ALTER TABLE command is a Data Definition Language
(DDL) operation used to add, delete, or modify columns in an existing table structure.
4. What does the ‘A’ in the ACID acronym stand for in database transactions?
A. Association
B. Atomicity
C. Authority
D. Availability
, Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: Atomicity ensures that all parts of a transaction are completed;
otherwise, the entire transaction is aborted (all or nothing).
5. Which operator is used to perform pattern matching in a WHERE clause?
A. MATCH
B. SIMILAR
C. LIKE
D. CONTAINS
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: The LIKE operator is used in conjunction with wildcards like %
and _ to search for specified patterns in a column.
6. What is the primary difference between the DELETE and TRUNCATE commands?
A. DELETE is DDL, while TRUNCATE is DML.
B. TRUNCATE removes specific rows based on a WHERE clause.
C. TRUNCATE can be rolled back, but DELETE cannot.
D. DELETE removes rows one by one and logs each, while TRUNCATE removes all rows by
deallocating pages and logs less.
Answer: D
