NSG-430 FINAL EXAM REVIEW | COMPREHENSIVE NURSING STUDY
GUIDE, PRACTICE QUESTIONS & ANSWERS 2026/2027
what do you monitor while on lovenox - ✔✔INR, aPTT, and thrombocytes (150-450)
what do we use lovenox for - ✔✔prophylaxis of acute MI, thrombosis, UA, PE, and DVT
how to administer lovenox - ✔✔SQ every 12 hours
antidote for lovenox - ✔✔protamine sulfate
side effect of lovenox - ✔✔elevated liver enzymes
how to treat sepsis - ✔✔culture from two sites prior to starting antibiotics and fluids
NI for sepsis - ✔✔-antibiotics--> start broad spectrum and then get cultures from two sites
-fill tank (fluids); isotonic, LR, NS
- if still hypotensive: norepinephrine, vasopressors, phenylephrine, and big daddy epi)
what are pts. at risk for when they get their thyroid removed - ✔✔thyroid storm (HYPERTHYROIDISM
TO THE EXTREME; KID ON CANDY HIGH!!!)
NI for hyperthyroidism - ✔✔-antithyroid drugs
-iodine
-beta adrenergic clockers (propranolol SE is bronchoconstriction; atenolol if pt. is pregnant)
-tapazole (methimazole)
tapazole - ✔✔- inhibits synthesis of thyroid hormones
-primary drug
-improvement in 1-2 weeks
-results seen within 4-8 weeks
-therapy for 6-15 months
why do we give iodine and tapazole to pts. with hyperthyroidism - ✔✔to decrease bruits
Addison's disease s/s - ✔✔-salt craving
-hyperpigmentation
NI for Addison's disease - ✔✔give cortisol meds
what do we worry about with a pt. who is on cortisol meds - ✔✔if they stop their meds they will go
into an Addisonian crisis (HYPER EVERYTHING)
NI for shock - ✔✔-fluids (0.9%NS and 5% dextrose/ D5W)
-high dose hydrocortisone replacement
, respiratory nursing diagnosis - ✔✔impaired gas exchange
labs for siadh - ✔✔-low UO and increased body weight (they are soaked inside)
-at first, increased thirst, dyspnea, and fatigue
-hyponatremic (less than 135)
-low serum osmolality (less than 280)
- high urine specific gravity (more than 1.030) (low UO= more concentrated)
HgA1C is ideal if it is less than what number - ✔✔7, want to see around 6 for diabetic
baloon tamponade care - ✔✔-do not fully deflate balloon all at one
-check O2 sats
what could happen if we deflate the baloon tamponade too fast - ✔✔balloon can migrate and be rights
at opening (O2 would drop)
TIPS procedure - ✔✔-used to treat ascites that does not respond to diuretics
- shunts blood from portal vein and hepatic vein to decrease portal HTN
labs for pancreatitis - ✔✔-high glucose
-amylase
-lipase
s/s of pancreatitis - ✔✔loss of inflammation, LUQ pain (epigastric pain), fever
s/s of liver cancer - ✔✔Early: hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, fatigue, peripheral edema, asites, and other
complications from portal HTN)
Late: fever/chills, jaundice, anorexia, WL, palpable mass, and RUQ pain
s/s of pancreatic cancer - ✔✔dull aching abdominal pain, anorexia, rapid WL, nausea, jaundice, pain
can radiate to back
labs for cirrhosis - ✔✔high ALT, AST, aPTT, blirubin, low albumin
questran is used for - ✔✔liver
MOA ofr questran - ✔✔controld diarrhea for bile reflex gastritis after gastric surgery. Binds with the bile
salts that are the source of gastric irritation
when to take questran - ✔✔before or after meals
NI for liver failure - ✔✔-monitor for jaundice
-monitor ammonia levels (normal: 10-80)
-the bleeding time is increased so monitor for injury
-supportive therapy
when do we NOT DO a lumbar puncture - ✔✔when our pt. has increased ICP
GUIDE, PRACTICE QUESTIONS & ANSWERS 2026/2027
what do you monitor while on lovenox - ✔✔INR, aPTT, and thrombocytes (150-450)
what do we use lovenox for - ✔✔prophylaxis of acute MI, thrombosis, UA, PE, and DVT
how to administer lovenox - ✔✔SQ every 12 hours
antidote for lovenox - ✔✔protamine sulfate
side effect of lovenox - ✔✔elevated liver enzymes
how to treat sepsis - ✔✔culture from two sites prior to starting antibiotics and fluids
NI for sepsis - ✔✔-antibiotics--> start broad spectrum and then get cultures from two sites
-fill tank (fluids); isotonic, LR, NS
- if still hypotensive: norepinephrine, vasopressors, phenylephrine, and big daddy epi)
what are pts. at risk for when they get their thyroid removed - ✔✔thyroid storm (HYPERTHYROIDISM
TO THE EXTREME; KID ON CANDY HIGH!!!)
NI for hyperthyroidism - ✔✔-antithyroid drugs
-iodine
-beta adrenergic clockers (propranolol SE is bronchoconstriction; atenolol if pt. is pregnant)
-tapazole (methimazole)
tapazole - ✔✔- inhibits synthesis of thyroid hormones
-primary drug
-improvement in 1-2 weeks
-results seen within 4-8 weeks
-therapy for 6-15 months
why do we give iodine and tapazole to pts. with hyperthyroidism - ✔✔to decrease bruits
Addison's disease s/s - ✔✔-salt craving
-hyperpigmentation
NI for Addison's disease - ✔✔give cortisol meds
what do we worry about with a pt. who is on cortisol meds - ✔✔if they stop their meds they will go
into an Addisonian crisis (HYPER EVERYTHING)
NI for shock - ✔✔-fluids (0.9%NS and 5% dextrose/ D5W)
-high dose hydrocortisone replacement
, respiratory nursing diagnosis - ✔✔impaired gas exchange
labs for siadh - ✔✔-low UO and increased body weight (they are soaked inside)
-at first, increased thirst, dyspnea, and fatigue
-hyponatremic (less than 135)
-low serum osmolality (less than 280)
- high urine specific gravity (more than 1.030) (low UO= more concentrated)
HgA1C is ideal if it is less than what number - ✔✔7, want to see around 6 for diabetic
baloon tamponade care - ✔✔-do not fully deflate balloon all at one
-check O2 sats
what could happen if we deflate the baloon tamponade too fast - ✔✔balloon can migrate and be rights
at opening (O2 would drop)
TIPS procedure - ✔✔-used to treat ascites that does not respond to diuretics
- shunts blood from portal vein and hepatic vein to decrease portal HTN
labs for pancreatitis - ✔✔-high glucose
-amylase
-lipase
s/s of pancreatitis - ✔✔loss of inflammation, LUQ pain (epigastric pain), fever
s/s of liver cancer - ✔✔Early: hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, fatigue, peripheral edema, asites, and other
complications from portal HTN)
Late: fever/chills, jaundice, anorexia, WL, palpable mass, and RUQ pain
s/s of pancreatic cancer - ✔✔dull aching abdominal pain, anorexia, rapid WL, nausea, jaundice, pain
can radiate to back
labs for cirrhosis - ✔✔high ALT, AST, aPTT, blirubin, low albumin
questran is used for - ✔✔liver
MOA ofr questran - ✔✔controld diarrhea for bile reflex gastritis after gastric surgery. Binds with the bile
salts that are the source of gastric irritation
when to take questran - ✔✔before or after meals
NI for liver failure - ✔✔-monitor for jaundice
-monitor ammonia levels (normal: 10-80)
-the bleeding time is increased so monitor for injury
-supportive therapy
when do we NOT DO a lumbar puncture - ✔✔when our pt. has increased ICP
