BSC 108 Exam 2 (University of Alabama)
Test Questions and All Actual Answers
2026-2027 Updated.
The process of photosynthesis does what? - Answer captures light energy from the sun and
converts it to chemical energy stored in sugars and other organic molecules
Equation for Photosynthesis in Words - Answer water + carbon Dioxide + light energy -->
glucose + oxygen
Equation for Photosynthesis - Answer 6H2O + 6CO2 + light energy --> C6H12O6 + 6O2
Water enters plants through? - Answer their roots
Carbon Dioxide enters plants through? - Answer pores in the leaf called stomata
Photosynthesis occurs in? - Answer chloroplast
Structure of a chloroplast - Answer stroma, thylakoid membrane, grana, inner and outer
membrane
Chlorophyll molecules are embedded in the? - Answer inner thylakoid membrane
The primary function of plant pigments is? - Answer to absorb solar energy
What happens in light dependent reactions? - Answer Energy from sunlight is absorbed and
converted into chemical energy (ATP)
Where do light dependent reactions take place? - Answer thylakoid membranes of
chloroplasts
What is a light independent reaction called? - Answer Calvin Cycle
What happens in light independent reactions (Calvin Cycle)? - Answer Uses CO2 and the ATP
and NADPH from light dependent reactions to produce sugar/glucose.
, In the Calvin Cycle, ATP is used to? - Answer provide the energy for sugar synthesis
In the Calvin Cycle, NADPH is used for? - Answer electrons in the reduction of carbon dioxide
into sugar
Where do light independent reactions (Calvin Cycle) occur? - Answer the area in the
chloroplast called the stroma
Leaves are green because? - Answer chlorophyll molecules absorb violet-blue and red light,
but reflect or transmit green-yellow light
Process of light dependent reactions - Answer chlorophyll absorbs solar energy and ejects an
electron, which is passed down an electron chain, and water is split, releasing O2
Requirements for light dependent reactions - Answer H2O, ADP, and NADP+
Products for light-dependent reactions - Answer O2 and the energy-storing compounds ATP
and NADH
Requirements for light-independent reactions (Calvin Cycle) - Answer ATP, NADPH, CO2, a five-
carbon sugar called RuBP, and the enzyme rubisco
Products for light-independent reactions (Calvin Cycle) - Answer Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate
(G3P), which can be used to make glucose
Carbon dioxide is fixed during? - Answer The Calvin Cycle
How is C4 photosynthesis different from C3 photosynthesis? - Answer C3 photosynthesis
produces a three-carbon compound via the Calvin Cycle while C4 photosynthesis makes an
intermediate four-carbon compound that splits into a three-carbon compound for the Calvin
Cycle
C3 Photosynthesis - Answer The most common form of photosynthesis- a one-stage process in
which atmospheric CO2 is used to form 3-phosphoglycerate, a three-carbon sugar
C4 photosynthesis - Answer The two-stage photosynthetic pathway in which CO2 is first fixed
in mesophyll cells to form 4-carbon acids, and then the 4-carbon acids are broken down into 3-
carbon acids in the bundle sheath cells
Test Questions and All Actual Answers
2026-2027 Updated.
The process of photosynthesis does what? - Answer captures light energy from the sun and
converts it to chemical energy stored in sugars and other organic molecules
Equation for Photosynthesis in Words - Answer water + carbon Dioxide + light energy -->
glucose + oxygen
Equation for Photosynthesis - Answer 6H2O + 6CO2 + light energy --> C6H12O6 + 6O2
Water enters plants through? - Answer their roots
Carbon Dioxide enters plants through? - Answer pores in the leaf called stomata
Photosynthesis occurs in? - Answer chloroplast
Structure of a chloroplast - Answer stroma, thylakoid membrane, grana, inner and outer
membrane
Chlorophyll molecules are embedded in the? - Answer inner thylakoid membrane
The primary function of plant pigments is? - Answer to absorb solar energy
What happens in light dependent reactions? - Answer Energy from sunlight is absorbed and
converted into chemical energy (ATP)
Where do light dependent reactions take place? - Answer thylakoid membranes of
chloroplasts
What is a light independent reaction called? - Answer Calvin Cycle
What happens in light independent reactions (Calvin Cycle)? - Answer Uses CO2 and the ATP
and NADPH from light dependent reactions to produce sugar/glucose.
, In the Calvin Cycle, ATP is used to? - Answer provide the energy for sugar synthesis
In the Calvin Cycle, NADPH is used for? - Answer electrons in the reduction of carbon dioxide
into sugar
Where do light independent reactions (Calvin Cycle) occur? - Answer the area in the
chloroplast called the stroma
Leaves are green because? - Answer chlorophyll molecules absorb violet-blue and red light,
but reflect or transmit green-yellow light
Process of light dependent reactions - Answer chlorophyll absorbs solar energy and ejects an
electron, which is passed down an electron chain, and water is split, releasing O2
Requirements for light dependent reactions - Answer H2O, ADP, and NADP+
Products for light-dependent reactions - Answer O2 and the energy-storing compounds ATP
and NADH
Requirements for light-independent reactions (Calvin Cycle) - Answer ATP, NADPH, CO2, a five-
carbon sugar called RuBP, and the enzyme rubisco
Products for light-independent reactions (Calvin Cycle) - Answer Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate
(G3P), which can be used to make glucose
Carbon dioxide is fixed during? - Answer The Calvin Cycle
How is C4 photosynthesis different from C3 photosynthesis? - Answer C3 photosynthesis
produces a three-carbon compound via the Calvin Cycle while C4 photosynthesis makes an
intermediate four-carbon compound that splits into a three-carbon compound for the Calvin
Cycle
C3 Photosynthesis - Answer The most common form of photosynthesis- a one-stage process in
which atmospheric CO2 is used to form 3-phosphoglycerate, a three-carbon sugar
C4 photosynthesis - Answer The two-stage photosynthetic pathway in which CO2 is first fixed
in mesophyll cells to form 4-carbon acids, and then the 4-carbon acids are broken down into 3-
carbon acids in the bundle sheath cells
