Evolve Pharmacology Hesi Practice Exam Newest
2026/2027 Questions and Correct Detailed Answers
Already Graded A+
An older adult client receives a prescription for hydrochlorothiazide
(HydroDIURIL), a thiazide diuretic for the treatment of heart failure. Which side
effect(s) should the practical nurse reinforce with the client? (Select all that
apply.)
A) Constipation.
B) Fatigue.
C) Edema.
D) Nausea.
E) Dehydration.
F) Blurred vision. - CORRECT ANSWER-B) Fatigue.
E) Dehydration.
Feedback:
Hydrochlorothiazide (HydroDIURIL), a thiazide diuretic, reduces blood pressure by
reducing blood volume and reducing arterial resistance. Adverse effects of
thiazides include hypokalemia, fatigue (B), dehydration (E), hyperglycemia, and
hyperuricemia. Although (A, C, D and F) may be associated with aging or other
pathology, they are not side effects commonly associated with HydroDIURIL.
,A client who returns from surgery for bowel resection complains of severe pain
around the incision. Which assessment is most important for the practical nurse
(PN) to obtain prior to the administration of morphine sulfate?
A) Rate of respirations.
B) Core temperature.
C) Appearance of the incision.
D) Presence of bowel sounds. - CORRECT ANSWER-A) Rate of respirations.
Feedback:
Opioids cause respiratory depression, so the respiratory rate (A) should be
assessed prior to administration of morphine sulfate. (B, C, and D) do not address
the concept of medication safety.
A client is receiving the third course of 5-fluorouracil (5FU) therapy for a tumor of
the liver. Which action should the practical nurse implement to reduce the client's
risk for stomatitis?
A) Use commercial oral products to reduce the risk of oral infections.
B) Observe for black, tarry stools or bleeding ulcerations.
C) Increase intake of foods containing fiber and citric acid.
D) Examine mouth daily for bleeding, white spots, and ulcerations. - CORRECT
ANSWER-D) Examine mouth daily for bleeding, white spots, and ulcerations.
,Feedback:
5-fluorouracil (5FU) is an antimetabolite, antineoplastic agent that causes
sloughing of the rapid proliferating epithelial cells of the oral mucosa causing
ulceration, bleeding, and oral candidiasis (thrush). Daily examination of the oral
mucosa (D) should be implemented to identify signs of stomatitis, such as white
spots, ulcerations, and bleeding of the mouth, so early intervention can be
implemented. Oral commercial products usually contain alcohol, which
contributes to inflammation of the oral mucosa, and should be avoided (A).
Although monitoring the stool for bleeding (B) should be implemented, stomatitis
occurs in 75% of clients who receive 5FU. Foods high in fiber and citric acid should
also be avoided (C) to reduce pain and trauma to the mouth.
Which instruction should the practical nurse (PN) reinforce with a client who is
taking disulfiram (Antabuse)?
A) Cigarette smoking cessation program should be started.
B) Avoid using any over-the-counter substances containing alcohol.
C) This drug is similar to alcohol but without euphoric effects.
D) Small amounts of mouthwash or cough medicine can be used. - CORRECT
ANSWER-B) Avoid using any over-the-counter substances containing alcohol.
Feedback:
The use of disulfiram (Antabuse) with over-the-counter (OTC) products that
contain alcohol causes severe adverse reactions, such as severe nausea, vomiting,
, chest pain, hyperventilation, tachycardia, seizures, and cardiovascular collapse,
and should be avoided (B). Although a smoking cessation program is always a
good health recommendation (A), it is not a priority with Antabuse. (C) is
inaccurate. Small amounts, as little as 7 ml, of mouthwash or cough syrup that
contains alcohol can precipitate a disulfiram reaction and should not be used (D).
A client who has been taking phenazopyridine (Pyridium) for symptoms of
urethritis and cystitis comes to the clinic because her urine is reddish-orange.
Which question should the practical nurse ask to determine if the medication has
been effective?
A) How much water have you been drinking each day?
B) Does the urine color stain your toilet bowl or undergarments?
C) Have you had any relief from urinary pain, burning, or urgency?
D) Did your urine appear cloudy or have a foul odor on voiding? - CORRECT
ANSWER-C) Have you had any relief from urinary pain, burning, or urgency?
Feedback:
Phenazopyridine, an over-the-counter urinary analgesic, acts on the mucosa of
the urinary tract to relieve urinary pain, burning, itching, or urgency (C) associated
with urethritis and cystitis. Although determining if the client is forcing fluids (A),
experiencing staining from Pyridium's side effect (B), or having signs of a urinary
infection (D) are worthwhile assessments, the therapeutic response of Pyridium is
related to urinary discomforts only.
2026/2027 Questions and Correct Detailed Answers
Already Graded A+
An older adult client receives a prescription for hydrochlorothiazide
(HydroDIURIL), a thiazide diuretic for the treatment of heart failure. Which side
effect(s) should the practical nurse reinforce with the client? (Select all that
apply.)
A) Constipation.
B) Fatigue.
C) Edema.
D) Nausea.
E) Dehydration.
F) Blurred vision. - CORRECT ANSWER-B) Fatigue.
E) Dehydration.
Feedback:
Hydrochlorothiazide (HydroDIURIL), a thiazide diuretic, reduces blood pressure by
reducing blood volume and reducing arterial resistance. Adverse effects of
thiazides include hypokalemia, fatigue (B), dehydration (E), hyperglycemia, and
hyperuricemia. Although (A, C, D and F) may be associated with aging or other
pathology, they are not side effects commonly associated with HydroDIURIL.
,A client who returns from surgery for bowel resection complains of severe pain
around the incision. Which assessment is most important for the practical nurse
(PN) to obtain prior to the administration of morphine sulfate?
A) Rate of respirations.
B) Core temperature.
C) Appearance of the incision.
D) Presence of bowel sounds. - CORRECT ANSWER-A) Rate of respirations.
Feedback:
Opioids cause respiratory depression, so the respiratory rate (A) should be
assessed prior to administration of morphine sulfate. (B, C, and D) do not address
the concept of medication safety.
A client is receiving the third course of 5-fluorouracil (5FU) therapy for a tumor of
the liver. Which action should the practical nurse implement to reduce the client's
risk for stomatitis?
A) Use commercial oral products to reduce the risk of oral infections.
B) Observe for black, tarry stools or bleeding ulcerations.
C) Increase intake of foods containing fiber and citric acid.
D) Examine mouth daily for bleeding, white spots, and ulcerations. - CORRECT
ANSWER-D) Examine mouth daily for bleeding, white spots, and ulcerations.
,Feedback:
5-fluorouracil (5FU) is an antimetabolite, antineoplastic agent that causes
sloughing of the rapid proliferating epithelial cells of the oral mucosa causing
ulceration, bleeding, and oral candidiasis (thrush). Daily examination of the oral
mucosa (D) should be implemented to identify signs of stomatitis, such as white
spots, ulcerations, and bleeding of the mouth, so early intervention can be
implemented. Oral commercial products usually contain alcohol, which
contributes to inflammation of the oral mucosa, and should be avoided (A).
Although monitoring the stool for bleeding (B) should be implemented, stomatitis
occurs in 75% of clients who receive 5FU. Foods high in fiber and citric acid should
also be avoided (C) to reduce pain and trauma to the mouth.
Which instruction should the practical nurse (PN) reinforce with a client who is
taking disulfiram (Antabuse)?
A) Cigarette smoking cessation program should be started.
B) Avoid using any over-the-counter substances containing alcohol.
C) This drug is similar to alcohol but without euphoric effects.
D) Small amounts of mouthwash or cough medicine can be used. - CORRECT
ANSWER-B) Avoid using any over-the-counter substances containing alcohol.
Feedback:
The use of disulfiram (Antabuse) with over-the-counter (OTC) products that
contain alcohol causes severe adverse reactions, such as severe nausea, vomiting,
, chest pain, hyperventilation, tachycardia, seizures, and cardiovascular collapse,
and should be avoided (B). Although a smoking cessation program is always a
good health recommendation (A), it is not a priority with Antabuse. (C) is
inaccurate. Small amounts, as little as 7 ml, of mouthwash or cough syrup that
contains alcohol can precipitate a disulfiram reaction and should not be used (D).
A client who has been taking phenazopyridine (Pyridium) for symptoms of
urethritis and cystitis comes to the clinic because her urine is reddish-orange.
Which question should the practical nurse ask to determine if the medication has
been effective?
A) How much water have you been drinking each day?
B) Does the urine color stain your toilet bowl or undergarments?
C) Have you had any relief from urinary pain, burning, or urgency?
D) Did your urine appear cloudy or have a foul odor on voiding? - CORRECT
ANSWER-C) Have you had any relief from urinary pain, burning, or urgency?
Feedback:
Phenazopyridine, an over-the-counter urinary analgesic, acts on the mucosa of
the urinary tract to relieve urinary pain, burning, itching, or urgency (C) associated
with urethritis and cystitis. Although determining if the client is forcing fluids (A),
experiencing staining from Pyridium's side effect (B), or having signs of a urinary
infection (D) are worthwhile assessments, the therapeutic response of Pyridium is
related to urinary discomforts only.
