PPN 302 Term 2 Exam!! | Questions and Answers with
Verified Solutions | Latest Update 2026
Question: Host The organism harboring the disease (the "who" of the Triangle) Agent The microbe
that causes the disease (the "what" of the Triangle) Environment The external factors that
cause or allow disease transmission (the "where" of the Triangle) Outbreak The
occurrence of cases of disease in excess of what would normally be expected in a defined
community, geographical area or season.
Answer:
Question: May occur in a restricted geographical area, or may extend over several countries. May
last for a few days or weeks, or for several years. (WHO, 2014) Epidemic The
occurrence of more cases of disease than expected in a given area or among a specific
group of people over a particular period of time. Similar to an outbreak, but an epidemic
is generally more widespread in the population and often has more serious connotations.
Endemic An infectious disease that occurs frequently in a particular locale. E.g. Malaria
is endemic to some parts of Africa. Pandemic When a disease spreads rapidly across the
globe?
Answer:
essentially a global epidemic Syndemic:
, Question: Synergistic interaction of 2 or more co-existant diseases and the resultant excess in
burden of disease Prevalence Number of cases (new and preexisting) Incidence refers to
the occurrence of new cases of disease or injury in a population over a specified period of
time. Mortality Rate Number of death from a specific cause in a given pop in a time
period Pathogenicity The agent's capacity to cause disease in an infected host Virulence
the ability of the agent to produce serious illness Reservoir habitat or medium in which
an agent lives and/or multiplies. can be living or inanimate Communicable diseases
Illness caused by a specific infectious agent or its toxic products that arises through
transmission of that agent, or its products from an infected person, animal or inanimate
source to a susceptible host; either directly or indirectly through an intermediate plant or
animal host, vector or the inanimate environment"
Answer:
Question: Worldwide, infectious diseases create a burden on individuals, communities & the health
care system exact a greater toll on infants, young children and the elderly
disproportionately affect disadvantaged populations in developing & developed
countries."
Answer:
Question: Direct transmission Person to person; skin to skin, contact with oral secretions; sexual
intercourse; contact with body lesions; transplacental. Diseases spread exclusively by
direct contact are unable to survive for significant periods of time away from a host.
Answer:
Verified Solutions | Latest Update 2026
Question: Host The organism harboring the disease (the "who" of the Triangle) Agent The microbe
that causes the disease (the "what" of the Triangle) Environment The external factors that
cause or allow disease transmission (the "where" of the Triangle) Outbreak The
occurrence of cases of disease in excess of what would normally be expected in a defined
community, geographical area or season.
Answer:
Question: May occur in a restricted geographical area, or may extend over several countries. May
last for a few days or weeks, or for several years. (WHO, 2014) Epidemic The
occurrence of more cases of disease than expected in a given area or among a specific
group of people over a particular period of time. Similar to an outbreak, but an epidemic
is generally more widespread in the population and often has more serious connotations.
Endemic An infectious disease that occurs frequently in a particular locale. E.g. Malaria
is endemic to some parts of Africa. Pandemic When a disease spreads rapidly across the
globe?
Answer:
essentially a global epidemic Syndemic:
, Question: Synergistic interaction of 2 or more co-existant diseases and the resultant excess in
burden of disease Prevalence Number of cases (new and preexisting) Incidence refers to
the occurrence of new cases of disease or injury in a population over a specified period of
time. Mortality Rate Number of death from a specific cause in a given pop in a time
period Pathogenicity The agent's capacity to cause disease in an infected host Virulence
the ability of the agent to produce serious illness Reservoir habitat or medium in which
an agent lives and/or multiplies. can be living or inanimate Communicable diseases
Illness caused by a specific infectious agent or its toxic products that arises through
transmission of that agent, or its products from an infected person, animal or inanimate
source to a susceptible host; either directly or indirectly through an intermediate plant or
animal host, vector or the inanimate environment"
Answer:
Question: Worldwide, infectious diseases create a burden on individuals, communities & the health
care system exact a greater toll on infants, young children and the elderly
disproportionately affect disadvantaged populations in developing & developed
countries."
Answer:
Question: Direct transmission Person to person; skin to skin, contact with oral secretions; sexual
intercourse; contact with body lesions; transplacental. Diseases spread exclusively by
direct contact are unable to survive for significant periods of time away from a host.
Answer:
