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Exam 1 Test Bank & Exam Prep Guide | Maternal
and Pediatric Nursing | Galen College of Nursing |
Q & A | 2026/2027 Edition (PDF)
1. A client at 8 weeks gestation asks the nurse about the purpose of folic acid supplementation.
What is the best response?
A) "Folic acid prevents constipation during pregnancy."
B) "Folic acid helps prevent neural tube defects in the developing fetus."
C) "Folic acid increases your energy level during the first trimester."
D) "Folic acid prevents gestational diabetes."
Correct Answer: B) "Folic acid helps prevent neural tube defects in the developing fetus."
Rationale: Folic acid supplementation (400-800 mcg daily) before conception and during early
pregnancy significantly reduces the risk of neural tube defects such as spina bifida and
anencephaly. It does not prevent constipation, increase energy, or prevent gestational diabetes.
2. A client at 12 weeks gestation reports frequent urination. The nurse should explain that this is
most likely due to:
A) Urinary tract infection
B) Increased glomerular filtration rate and pressure on the bladder
C) Decreased fluid intake
,D) Gestational diabetes
Correct Answer: B) Increased glomerular filtration rate and pressure on the bladder
Rationale: During the first trimester, increased glomerular filtration rate leads to increased urine
production. Additionally, the enlarging uterus puts pressure on the bladder, causing frequent
urination. While UTI and gestational diabetes can also cause frequency, this is a normal
physiological change of early pregnancy.
3. A nurse is calculating the estimated date of delivery (EDD) using Naegele's rule for a client
whose last menstrual period (LMP) was May 15. What is the EDD?
A) February 8
B) February 22
C) March 8
D) March 22
Correct Answer: B) February 22
Rationale: Naegele's rule: subtract 3 months from the first day of the LMP and add 7 days. May
15 - 3 months = February 15 + 7 days = February 22. This is a standard method for calculating
EDD.
4. A nurse is assessing a client in the first trimester. Which finding is considered a presumptive
sign of pregnancy?
, A) Positive pregnancy test
B) Fetal heart tones heard on Doppler
C) Amenorrhea and breast tenderness
D) Fetal movement felt by the examiner
Correct Answer: C) Amenorrhea and breast tenderness
Rationale: Presumptive signs are subjective changes felt by the woman, including amenorrhea,
breast tenderness, nausea, and fatigue. Positive pregnancy test and fetal heart tones are
probable signs; fetal movement felt by the examiner is a positive sign.
5. Which assessment finding is a positive sign of pregnancy?
A) Chadwick's sign
B) Goodell's sign
C) Fetal heart tones auscultated by the examiner
D) Hegar's sign
Correct Answer: C) Fetal heart tones auscultated by the examiner
Rationale: Positive signs of pregnancy are those that can only be attributed to the presence of a
fetus, including auscultation of fetal heart tones, fetal movement felt by the examiner, and
visualization of the fetus on ultrasound. Chadwick's, Goodell's, and Hegar's signs are probable
signs.
Exam 1 Test Bank & Exam Prep Guide | Maternal
and Pediatric Nursing | Galen College of Nursing |
Q & A | 2026/2027 Edition (PDF)
1. A client at 8 weeks gestation asks the nurse about the purpose of folic acid supplementation.
What is the best response?
A) "Folic acid prevents constipation during pregnancy."
B) "Folic acid helps prevent neural tube defects in the developing fetus."
C) "Folic acid increases your energy level during the first trimester."
D) "Folic acid prevents gestational diabetes."
Correct Answer: B) "Folic acid helps prevent neural tube defects in the developing fetus."
Rationale: Folic acid supplementation (400-800 mcg daily) before conception and during early
pregnancy significantly reduces the risk of neural tube defects such as spina bifida and
anencephaly. It does not prevent constipation, increase energy, or prevent gestational diabetes.
2. A client at 12 weeks gestation reports frequent urination. The nurse should explain that this is
most likely due to:
A) Urinary tract infection
B) Increased glomerular filtration rate and pressure on the bladder
C) Decreased fluid intake
,D) Gestational diabetes
Correct Answer: B) Increased glomerular filtration rate and pressure on the bladder
Rationale: During the first trimester, increased glomerular filtration rate leads to increased urine
production. Additionally, the enlarging uterus puts pressure on the bladder, causing frequent
urination. While UTI and gestational diabetes can also cause frequency, this is a normal
physiological change of early pregnancy.
3. A nurse is calculating the estimated date of delivery (EDD) using Naegele's rule for a client
whose last menstrual period (LMP) was May 15. What is the EDD?
A) February 8
B) February 22
C) March 8
D) March 22
Correct Answer: B) February 22
Rationale: Naegele's rule: subtract 3 months from the first day of the LMP and add 7 days. May
15 - 3 months = February 15 + 7 days = February 22. This is a standard method for calculating
EDD.
4. A nurse is assessing a client in the first trimester. Which finding is considered a presumptive
sign of pregnancy?
, A) Positive pregnancy test
B) Fetal heart tones heard on Doppler
C) Amenorrhea and breast tenderness
D) Fetal movement felt by the examiner
Correct Answer: C) Amenorrhea and breast tenderness
Rationale: Presumptive signs are subjective changes felt by the woman, including amenorrhea,
breast tenderness, nausea, and fatigue. Positive pregnancy test and fetal heart tones are
probable signs; fetal movement felt by the examiner is a positive sign.
5. Which assessment finding is a positive sign of pregnancy?
A) Chadwick's sign
B) Goodell's sign
C) Fetal heart tones auscultated by the examiner
D) Hegar's sign
Correct Answer: C) Fetal heart tones auscultated by the examiner
Rationale: Positive signs of pregnancy are those that can only be attributed to the presence of a
fetus, including auscultation of fetal heart tones, fetal movement felt by the examiner, and
visualization of the fetus on ultrasound. Chadwick's, Goodell's, and Hegar's signs are probable
signs.
