PHIL 1020 Final Exam with Accurate
Solutions
The are of moral philosophy known as "value Theory" includes questions such as:
a- is morality objective?
b- what do we owe to each other?
c- what kind of life is most worth living?
d- how do we know which actions are morally right? - ANSWER-c- what kind of life is
most worth living?
The question "do the ends justify the means"? falls within the area of:
a- value theory
b- normative ethics
c-metaethics
d- moral phychology - ANSWER-b- normative ethics
The Claim that morality is a human invention and therefore not objective is a claim
about:
a- applied ethic
b-value theory
c-normative ethics
d-metaethics - ANSWER-d- metaethics
Skepticism about morality is:
a-a position that no one has ever argued for
b- nearly universally accepted
c- nearly universally rejected
d- deeply controversial - ANSWER-d- deeply controversial
In philosophy, an argument is a
a-formal debate between two parties who disagree
b-heated confrontation concerning a key philosophical issue
c- chain of reasoning consisting of a set of reasons that supports some conclusions.
d-objection to a stated philosophical position - ANSWER-c- chain of reasoning
consisting of a set of reasons that supports some conclusions.
it is impossible for a valid argument to have
a- true premise and a false conclusion
b- true premise and true conclusion
c- false premise and a false conclusion
d- none of the above. - ANSWER-a- true premise and a false conclusion
,the conclusion of a sound argument
a- will always be true
b- would always be false
c- might be true but also might be false
d-will always be relevant to the debate at hand - ANSWER-a- will always be true
Moral theorizing essentially involves
a- trying to decide what is right or wrong on a case by case basis
b- trying to come with general moral principles that apply to many different cases
c- consulting the relevant laws and the constitution
d-trying to explain what causes people to make the moral judgments they do -
ANSWER-a- trying to decide what is right or wrong on a case by case basis
"conventional morality" is the set of
a- laws of a particular government
b- principles genuinely believed by a moral agent
c- traditional principles that are widely shared within a culture or society
d- true moral principles - ANSWER-c- traditional principles that are widely shared within
a culture or society
which is not a central concern of morality
a- protecting peoples well being
b- justice
c- blame
d-legality - ANSWER-d- legality
11. The desire for "unification" in ethics is a desire for
a. everyone to agree on moral principles.
b. everyone to treat each other well.
c. a single general moral principle.
d. a scientific account of morality. - ANSWER-a single general moral principle.
12. According to the text, moral philosophy is primarily concerned with
a. figuring out which particular actions are right or wrong in everyday life.
b. explaining why people make the moral judgments they do.
c. examining the attractions of various ethical theories.
d. learning about the differing moral codes of different societies. - ANSWER-examining
the attractions of various ethical theories.
What is the best description of the following argument? If the sky is yellow, then grass is
pink. The sky is yellow. Therefore, grass is pink.
a. valid and sound
b. valid but unsound
c. invalid but sound
d. invalid and unsound - ANSWER-valid but unsound
,1. According to Marquis, standard anti-abortion arguments
a. succeed in establishing that abortion is immoral.
b. rely on a moral principle concerning the wrongness of killing that is too broad in
scope.
c. rely on a moral principle concerning the wrongness of killing that is too narrow in
scope.
d. entail that it is morally permissible to kill infants. - ANSWER-b. rely on a moral
principle concerning the wrongness of killing that is too broad in scope.
2. Marquis claims that killing is wrong primarily because
a. it brutalizes the one who kills.
b. it causes a great loss to the loved ones of the victim.
c. it deprives the victim of a future of value.
d. it ends the life of the victim. - ANSWER-c. it deprives the victim of a future of value.
3. Marquis's account of the wrongness of killing entails that it is wrong to kill
a. all and only humans.
b. all humans and some other animals.
c. some humans and some animals.
d. all animals. - ANSWER-c. some humans and some animals.
4. Marquis claims that one can have a future like ours only if
a. one is human.
b. one places value on one's future.
c. one understands the idea that one has a future.
d. none of the above. - ANSWER-b. one places value on one's future.
5. Marquis admits that his account would be implausible if it could be shown that
a. the fetus is not a person.
b. his account entails that contraception is wrong.
c. the fetus is not a human.
d. killing is sometimes permissible. - ANSWER-b. his account entails that contraception
is wrong.
6. In what way is Marquis's criticism of abortion distinct from those which appeal to the
wrongness of killing potential persons?
a. Marquis's view does not appeal to the category of personhood.
b. Marquis's view requires the fetus to be at least somewhat aware of its future.
c. Marquis's thinks that killing potential persons is unproblematic.
d. None of the above. - ANSWER-a. Marquis's view does not appeal to the category of
personhood
7. Why does Marquis reject the claim that one's future is valuable only if one values it?
a. Because this cannot account for the fact that a suicidal young person might have a
valuable future
, b. Because something can be valuable even if it isn't valued by anyone
c. Because one's future might be valuable for other people
d. Because fetuses aren't capable of valuing their futures - ANSWER-a. Because this
cannot account for the fact that a suicidal young person might have a valuable future
8. Many people claim that a fetus is a person from the moment of conception. In her
paper, Thomson
a. agrees with this claim.
b. disagrees with this claim.
c. grants this claim for the sake of argument.
d. both b and c. - ANSWER-d. both b and c
9. In the case of the violinist, Thomson thinks
a. you are obligated to unplug yourself.
b. you are obligated not to unplug yourself.
c. it would be nice of you to remain attached, but you are not obligated to do so.
d. it would be nice of you to unplug yourself, but you are not obligated to do so. -
ANSWER-c. it would be nice of you to remain attached, but you are not obligated to do
so.
10. According to Thomson, the right to life is
a. a right not to be killed.
b. a right not to be killed unjustly.
c. a right to the bare minimum one needs for continued life.
d. a right to individual liberty and the pursuit of happiness. - ANSWER-b. a right not to
be killed unjustly.
11. Thomson claims that no one has the right to the use of your body unless
a. he cannot survive without the use of your body.
b. you grant him the right to it.
c. granting him the use of your body would maximize happiness.
d. he pays you something in return for it. - ANSWER-b. you grant him the right to it.
12. Thomson claims that a woman grants the fetus a right to the use of her body
whenever
a. she has intercourse.
b. she has intercourse voluntarily.
c. she has intercourse voluntarily without using protection.
d. none of the above. - ANSWER-d. none of the above.
13. What is the case of the violinist supposed to show?
a. That abortion is always morally permissible
b. That the right to decide what happens to one's body is always more morally important
than the right to life.
c. That the right to life is not always more morally important than the right to decide what
happens to one's body.
Solutions
The are of moral philosophy known as "value Theory" includes questions such as:
a- is morality objective?
b- what do we owe to each other?
c- what kind of life is most worth living?
d- how do we know which actions are morally right? - ANSWER-c- what kind of life is
most worth living?
The question "do the ends justify the means"? falls within the area of:
a- value theory
b- normative ethics
c-metaethics
d- moral phychology - ANSWER-b- normative ethics
The Claim that morality is a human invention and therefore not objective is a claim
about:
a- applied ethic
b-value theory
c-normative ethics
d-metaethics - ANSWER-d- metaethics
Skepticism about morality is:
a-a position that no one has ever argued for
b- nearly universally accepted
c- nearly universally rejected
d- deeply controversial - ANSWER-d- deeply controversial
In philosophy, an argument is a
a-formal debate between two parties who disagree
b-heated confrontation concerning a key philosophical issue
c- chain of reasoning consisting of a set of reasons that supports some conclusions.
d-objection to a stated philosophical position - ANSWER-c- chain of reasoning
consisting of a set of reasons that supports some conclusions.
it is impossible for a valid argument to have
a- true premise and a false conclusion
b- true premise and true conclusion
c- false premise and a false conclusion
d- none of the above. - ANSWER-a- true premise and a false conclusion
,the conclusion of a sound argument
a- will always be true
b- would always be false
c- might be true but also might be false
d-will always be relevant to the debate at hand - ANSWER-a- will always be true
Moral theorizing essentially involves
a- trying to decide what is right or wrong on a case by case basis
b- trying to come with general moral principles that apply to many different cases
c- consulting the relevant laws and the constitution
d-trying to explain what causes people to make the moral judgments they do -
ANSWER-a- trying to decide what is right or wrong on a case by case basis
"conventional morality" is the set of
a- laws of a particular government
b- principles genuinely believed by a moral agent
c- traditional principles that are widely shared within a culture or society
d- true moral principles - ANSWER-c- traditional principles that are widely shared within
a culture or society
which is not a central concern of morality
a- protecting peoples well being
b- justice
c- blame
d-legality - ANSWER-d- legality
11. The desire for "unification" in ethics is a desire for
a. everyone to agree on moral principles.
b. everyone to treat each other well.
c. a single general moral principle.
d. a scientific account of morality. - ANSWER-a single general moral principle.
12. According to the text, moral philosophy is primarily concerned with
a. figuring out which particular actions are right or wrong in everyday life.
b. explaining why people make the moral judgments they do.
c. examining the attractions of various ethical theories.
d. learning about the differing moral codes of different societies. - ANSWER-examining
the attractions of various ethical theories.
What is the best description of the following argument? If the sky is yellow, then grass is
pink. The sky is yellow. Therefore, grass is pink.
a. valid and sound
b. valid but unsound
c. invalid but sound
d. invalid and unsound - ANSWER-valid but unsound
,1. According to Marquis, standard anti-abortion arguments
a. succeed in establishing that abortion is immoral.
b. rely on a moral principle concerning the wrongness of killing that is too broad in
scope.
c. rely on a moral principle concerning the wrongness of killing that is too narrow in
scope.
d. entail that it is morally permissible to kill infants. - ANSWER-b. rely on a moral
principle concerning the wrongness of killing that is too broad in scope.
2. Marquis claims that killing is wrong primarily because
a. it brutalizes the one who kills.
b. it causes a great loss to the loved ones of the victim.
c. it deprives the victim of a future of value.
d. it ends the life of the victim. - ANSWER-c. it deprives the victim of a future of value.
3. Marquis's account of the wrongness of killing entails that it is wrong to kill
a. all and only humans.
b. all humans and some other animals.
c. some humans and some animals.
d. all animals. - ANSWER-c. some humans and some animals.
4. Marquis claims that one can have a future like ours only if
a. one is human.
b. one places value on one's future.
c. one understands the idea that one has a future.
d. none of the above. - ANSWER-b. one places value on one's future.
5. Marquis admits that his account would be implausible if it could be shown that
a. the fetus is not a person.
b. his account entails that contraception is wrong.
c. the fetus is not a human.
d. killing is sometimes permissible. - ANSWER-b. his account entails that contraception
is wrong.
6. In what way is Marquis's criticism of abortion distinct from those which appeal to the
wrongness of killing potential persons?
a. Marquis's view does not appeal to the category of personhood.
b. Marquis's view requires the fetus to be at least somewhat aware of its future.
c. Marquis's thinks that killing potential persons is unproblematic.
d. None of the above. - ANSWER-a. Marquis's view does not appeal to the category of
personhood
7. Why does Marquis reject the claim that one's future is valuable only if one values it?
a. Because this cannot account for the fact that a suicidal young person might have a
valuable future
, b. Because something can be valuable even if it isn't valued by anyone
c. Because one's future might be valuable for other people
d. Because fetuses aren't capable of valuing their futures - ANSWER-a. Because this
cannot account for the fact that a suicidal young person might have a valuable future
8. Many people claim that a fetus is a person from the moment of conception. In her
paper, Thomson
a. agrees with this claim.
b. disagrees with this claim.
c. grants this claim for the sake of argument.
d. both b and c. - ANSWER-d. both b and c
9. In the case of the violinist, Thomson thinks
a. you are obligated to unplug yourself.
b. you are obligated not to unplug yourself.
c. it would be nice of you to remain attached, but you are not obligated to do so.
d. it would be nice of you to unplug yourself, but you are not obligated to do so. -
ANSWER-c. it would be nice of you to remain attached, but you are not obligated to do
so.
10. According to Thomson, the right to life is
a. a right not to be killed.
b. a right not to be killed unjustly.
c. a right to the bare minimum one needs for continued life.
d. a right to individual liberty and the pursuit of happiness. - ANSWER-b. a right not to
be killed unjustly.
11. Thomson claims that no one has the right to the use of your body unless
a. he cannot survive without the use of your body.
b. you grant him the right to it.
c. granting him the use of your body would maximize happiness.
d. he pays you something in return for it. - ANSWER-b. you grant him the right to it.
12. Thomson claims that a woman grants the fetus a right to the use of her body
whenever
a. she has intercourse.
b. she has intercourse voluntarily.
c. she has intercourse voluntarily without using protection.
d. none of the above. - ANSWER-d. none of the above.
13. What is the case of the violinist supposed to show?
a. That abortion is always morally permissible
b. That the right to decide what happens to one's body is always more morally important
than the right to life.
c. That the right to life is not always more morally important than the right to decide what
happens to one's body.
