SOC 1010 Exam 1 (William Hale)
Questions and Answers
generalizations - ANS-statements used to describe groups of people or things in
general terms
sociological eye - ANS-enables you to see what others may not notice
sociology - ANS-scientific study of how individuals both shape and are shaped by
society
Aims to understand human behavior, social relations, and social institutions on a larger
scale
stereotypes - ANS-predetermined ideas about particular groups of people (bad
generalizations)
agency - ANS-the ability of the individual to act freely and independently
structure - ANS-patterned social arrangements that have effects on agency (social
forces)
the choices we make (agency) can be constrained by structure
sociological imagination - ANS-our ability to understand the relationship between
individual lives and the external influences that shape individual behavior (C. Wright
Mills)
troubles vs issues - ANS-troubles are privately felt problems and issues affect large
numbers of people.
social institution - ANS-an institution in a society that works to shape the behavior of
groups or people within it
i.e. legal system, family, military, educational systems
Auguste Comte - ANS-father of sociology
positivism: knowledge based on scientific reasoning and facts
point-prevalence bias - ANS-samples taken at a single point in time are biased toward
those who persistently face the condition of interest
underestimates variation and turnover
, culture - ANS-Beliefs, customs, and traditions of a specific group of people.
nonmaterial culture - ANS-includes things we cannot touch
norms, values, beliefs, symbols, and language
material culture - ANS-includes everything that is a part of our constructed environment
anything from artifacts to TVs
socially constructed - ANS-a concept developed by society that is maintained over time
through social interactions that make the idea seem "real"
(culture for example)
norms - ANS-rules and expectations by which a society guides the behavior of its
members
mores - ANS-norms that are widely observed and have great moral significance
folkways - ANS-rules of behavior for common and routine interactions
violations are considered less serious than mores
status - ANS-our relative position in society
roles - ANS-the expectation about how people of a given status should think, feel, and
behave
values - ANS-the general standards in society that define ideal principles, like those
governing notions of right and wrong
beliefs - ANS-what we deem to be true
all values are beliefs but not all beliefs are values
symbol - ANS-Cultural representations of social realities
language - ANS-refers to a series of symbols used to communicate meaning among
people
Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis - ANS-Our understandings and actions emerge from language
structure of a language determines a native speaker's perception and categorization of
experience
high culture - ANS-culture of the rich
fine dining, symphony, theater
popular culture - ANS-culture that exists among common people in a society
popular radio, movie theater
Questions and Answers
generalizations - ANS-statements used to describe groups of people or things in
general terms
sociological eye - ANS-enables you to see what others may not notice
sociology - ANS-scientific study of how individuals both shape and are shaped by
society
Aims to understand human behavior, social relations, and social institutions on a larger
scale
stereotypes - ANS-predetermined ideas about particular groups of people (bad
generalizations)
agency - ANS-the ability of the individual to act freely and independently
structure - ANS-patterned social arrangements that have effects on agency (social
forces)
the choices we make (agency) can be constrained by structure
sociological imagination - ANS-our ability to understand the relationship between
individual lives and the external influences that shape individual behavior (C. Wright
Mills)
troubles vs issues - ANS-troubles are privately felt problems and issues affect large
numbers of people.
social institution - ANS-an institution in a society that works to shape the behavior of
groups or people within it
i.e. legal system, family, military, educational systems
Auguste Comte - ANS-father of sociology
positivism: knowledge based on scientific reasoning and facts
point-prevalence bias - ANS-samples taken at a single point in time are biased toward
those who persistently face the condition of interest
underestimates variation and turnover
, culture - ANS-Beliefs, customs, and traditions of a specific group of people.
nonmaterial culture - ANS-includes things we cannot touch
norms, values, beliefs, symbols, and language
material culture - ANS-includes everything that is a part of our constructed environment
anything from artifacts to TVs
socially constructed - ANS-a concept developed by society that is maintained over time
through social interactions that make the idea seem "real"
(culture for example)
norms - ANS-rules and expectations by which a society guides the behavior of its
members
mores - ANS-norms that are widely observed and have great moral significance
folkways - ANS-rules of behavior for common and routine interactions
violations are considered less serious than mores
status - ANS-our relative position in society
roles - ANS-the expectation about how people of a given status should think, feel, and
behave
values - ANS-the general standards in society that define ideal principles, like those
governing notions of right and wrong
beliefs - ANS-what we deem to be true
all values are beliefs but not all beliefs are values
symbol - ANS-Cultural representations of social realities
language - ANS-refers to a series of symbols used to communicate meaning among
people
Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis - ANS-Our understandings and actions emerge from language
structure of a language determines a native speaker's perception and categorization of
experience
high culture - ANS-culture of the rich
fine dining, symphony, theater
popular culture - ANS-culture that exists among common people in a society
popular radio, movie theater
