CFRN EXAM WITH QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS | 2026/2027 LATEST UPDATE | GRADED A+
The flight team is requested to transport a 43-year-old patient to a referral center 60 minutes away.
Upon arrival bedside, the RN reports no urine output for four hours. Creatinine has increased from
1.3mg/dL to 2.3 mg/dL. Ventilator FiO2 is being increased to 100%; Positive end-expiratory pressure
(PEEP) is 10 cm H2O.
BP 85/70 mmHg Intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) 1:1 ratio Augmented IABP pressure 100 mmHg
Mean arterial pressure 82 mmHg
ABG pH 7.15 PaCO2 54 mmHg PaO2 58 mmHg HCO3 16 mmol/L Base excess -12 O2 Saturation 88%
What should the flight nurse do PRIOR to transporting this patient? -
CORRECT|ANSWER
Contact the sending physician
The nurse is preparing to transport a young child from an outlying hospital to a pediatric trauma
center. The child was involved in an unrestrained motor vehicle accident and has numbness in
bilateral feet. The sending nurse asks if they should remove spinal immobilization because the CT
scan of the spine revealed no abnormalities. The flight nurse should: -
CORRECT|ANSWER
maintain immobilization
Which of the following assessment findings would be consistent with postpartum hemorrhage? -
CORRECT|ANSWER
a boggy and enlarged soft uterus
The flight team arrives to transport a patient who has been "coding" on/off for 15 minutes. The
patient continues to experience ventricular fibrillation and has been defibrillated seven times. The
patient has a temporary pacemaker in place. Settings are:
,Mode: VOO Rate: 70 beats/min Output: 10 mA Sensitivity: asynchronous
The flight nurse begins to assist and recommends changing the mode to VVI and the sensitivity to
"full demand" based on of the fact that: -
CORRECT|ANSWER
Asynchronous pacing may cause R-on-T phenomenon
A transport nurse is caring for a trauma patient who develops pulseless electrical activity during
transport. After administration of epinephrine 1 mg IV and an IV fluid bolus of 2 L, the patient's pulse
is restored. The cardiac arrest was MOST likely caused by -
CORRECT|ANSWER
hypovolemia.
The flight team is transporting a patient with severe asthma that is receiving high flow oxygen. The
patient is noted to be markedly more dyspneic and speaking in one word sentences. The nurse
obtains an arterial blood gas which reveals:
pH 7.2 PaO2 55 mmHg PaCO2 60 mmHg HCO3- 29 mEq/L
What is the nurse's next PRIORITY intervention? -
CORRECT|ANSWER
Perform drug-assisted intubation
The flight team is called for a previously healthy 53-year-old who had stents placed today. Ejection
fraction is 10%. Upon arrival, the patient is alert and oriented x4; skin is pink, cool & clammy.
Respirations are labored and crackles are auscultated throughout all lung fields.
Vital signs:
BP 95/75 mmHg
HR 120 beats/min (sinus tachycardia)
RR 32 breaths/min SpO2 92% on NRB
ABG results 1 hour ago:
,pH 7.24
PaCO2 48 mmHg
PaO2 60 mmHg
HCO3 20 mEq/L
Base excess -3
What is the PRIORITY for this patient? -
CORRECT|ANSWER
Apply non-invasive positive pressure ventilation
The flight nurse is called to an ICU to transport a ventilated patient 24 hours after a major chest
trauma. The patient has high pressure alarms with worsening oxygenation and increased peak
inspiratory pressures. Pink, frothy sputum sputum is noted. The nurse suspects the primary cause to
be: -
CORRECT|ANSWER
Pulmonary contusion
Which of the following is the MOST appropriate intervention to prevent and protect the patient from
and to reduce the risk for pulmonary barotrauma from mechanical ventilation? -
CORRECT|ANSWER
Attempt to lower the plateau pressure.
During transport, a patient suffers cardiopulmonary arrest. The flight nurse proceeds with intubation
to secure an airway. Which method of assessment for determining proper ETT placement is BEST in
this situation? -
CORRECT|ANSWER
proper ETCO2 waveform on monitor
The flight crew has just completed the transport of a patient with HIV infection and bloody diarrhea.
Decontamination of the transport vehicle should be accomplished by: -
CORRECT|ANSWER
Use of a specifically labeled sporicidal
, The flight team is called to transport a 6-month-old child diagnosed with febrile seizures. Upon
arrival, hospital staff states the child has lost IV access and two additional attempts have been made
to initiate access, which have been unsuccessful.
Vital signs:
BP: 68/40 mmHgHR: 178 beats/minRR: 36 breaths/minT(rectal):103F (39.4C)O2 Sat: 93% (room air)
The NEXT appropriate step is: -
CORRECT|ANSWER
Initiate intraosseous access
The transport team is called to an outlying hospital for transport of a patient that is 31 weeks
pregnant. The sending RN reports the patient is G3P2 and experienced a "gush" of fluids 24 hours
prior to arriving at the hospital. The vitals are as follows:
BP: 126/82 mmHg
HR: 105 beats/min
RR: 20 breaths/min
SPO2: 95% (room air)
The nurse knows the PRIORITY intervention is: -
CORRECT|ANSWER
Antibiotic infusion
The flight crew is called for an interfacility transfer of a 3-year-old patient involved in a high-speed
MVA with partial ejection. The patient was reported to have a declining mental status on arrival to
the ED and required intubation. Radiographs and CT scans were negative for head or spinal injuries.
During transport, the flight crew knows that a PRIORITY intervention is to: -
CORRECT|ANSWER
Maintain spinal motion restrictions
During transport in a high-altitude environment, a transport nurse notes a decrease in the patient's
oxygen saturation. Which of the following gas laws is most likely responsible? -
CORRECT|ANSWER
SOLUTIONS | 2026/2027 LATEST UPDATE | GRADED A+
The flight team is requested to transport a 43-year-old patient to a referral center 60 minutes away.
Upon arrival bedside, the RN reports no urine output for four hours. Creatinine has increased from
1.3mg/dL to 2.3 mg/dL. Ventilator FiO2 is being increased to 100%; Positive end-expiratory pressure
(PEEP) is 10 cm H2O.
BP 85/70 mmHg Intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) 1:1 ratio Augmented IABP pressure 100 mmHg
Mean arterial pressure 82 mmHg
ABG pH 7.15 PaCO2 54 mmHg PaO2 58 mmHg HCO3 16 mmol/L Base excess -12 O2 Saturation 88%
What should the flight nurse do PRIOR to transporting this patient? -
CORRECT|ANSWER
Contact the sending physician
The nurse is preparing to transport a young child from an outlying hospital to a pediatric trauma
center. The child was involved in an unrestrained motor vehicle accident and has numbness in
bilateral feet. The sending nurse asks if they should remove spinal immobilization because the CT
scan of the spine revealed no abnormalities. The flight nurse should: -
CORRECT|ANSWER
maintain immobilization
Which of the following assessment findings would be consistent with postpartum hemorrhage? -
CORRECT|ANSWER
a boggy and enlarged soft uterus
The flight team arrives to transport a patient who has been "coding" on/off for 15 minutes. The
patient continues to experience ventricular fibrillation and has been defibrillated seven times. The
patient has a temporary pacemaker in place. Settings are:
,Mode: VOO Rate: 70 beats/min Output: 10 mA Sensitivity: asynchronous
The flight nurse begins to assist and recommends changing the mode to VVI and the sensitivity to
"full demand" based on of the fact that: -
CORRECT|ANSWER
Asynchronous pacing may cause R-on-T phenomenon
A transport nurse is caring for a trauma patient who develops pulseless electrical activity during
transport. After administration of epinephrine 1 mg IV and an IV fluid bolus of 2 L, the patient's pulse
is restored. The cardiac arrest was MOST likely caused by -
CORRECT|ANSWER
hypovolemia.
The flight team is transporting a patient with severe asthma that is receiving high flow oxygen. The
patient is noted to be markedly more dyspneic and speaking in one word sentences. The nurse
obtains an arterial blood gas which reveals:
pH 7.2 PaO2 55 mmHg PaCO2 60 mmHg HCO3- 29 mEq/L
What is the nurse's next PRIORITY intervention? -
CORRECT|ANSWER
Perform drug-assisted intubation
The flight team is called for a previously healthy 53-year-old who had stents placed today. Ejection
fraction is 10%. Upon arrival, the patient is alert and oriented x4; skin is pink, cool & clammy.
Respirations are labored and crackles are auscultated throughout all lung fields.
Vital signs:
BP 95/75 mmHg
HR 120 beats/min (sinus tachycardia)
RR 32 breaths/min SpO2 92% on NRB
ABG results 1 hour ago:
,pH 7.24
PaCO2 48 mmHg
PaO2 60 mmHg
HCO3 20 mEq/L
Base excess -3
What is the PRIORITY for this patient? -
CORRECT|ANSWER
Apply non-invasive positive pressure ventilation
The flight nurse is called to an ICU to transport a ventilated patient 24 hours after a major chest
trauma. The patient has high pressure alarms with worsening oxygenation and increased peak
inspiratory pressures. Pink, frothy sputum sputum is noted. The nurse suspects the primary cause to
be: -
CORRECT|ANSWER
Pulmonary contusion
Which of the following is the MOST appropriate intervention to prevent and protect the patient from
and to reduce the risk for pulmonary barotrauma from mechanical ventilation? -
CORRECT|ANSWER
Attempt to lower the plateau pressure.
During transport, a patient suffers cardiopulmonary arrest. The flight nurse proceeds with intubation
to secure an airway. Which method of assessment for determining proper ETT placement is BEST in
this situation? -
CORRECT|ANSWER
proper ETCO2 waveform on monitor
The flight crew has just completed the transport of a patient with HIV infection and bloody diarrhea.
Decontamination of the transport vehicle should be accomplished by: -
CORRECT|ANSWER
Use of a specifically labeled sporicidal
, The flight team is called to transport a 6-month-old child diagnosed with febrile seizures. Upon
arrival, hospital staff states the child has lost IV access and two additional attempts have been made
to initiate access, which have been unsuccessful.
Vital signs:
BP: 68/40 mmHgHR: 178 beats/minRR: 36 breaths/minT(rectal):103F (39.4C)O2 Sat: 93% (room air)
The NEXT appropriate step is: -
CORRECT|ANSWER
Initiate intraosseous access
The transport team is called to an outlying hospital for transport of a patient that is 31 weeks
pregnant. The sending RN reports the patient is G3P2 and experienced a "gush" of fluids 24 hours
prior to arriving at the hospital. The vitals are as follows:
BP: 126/82 mmHg
HR: 105 beats/min
RR: 20 breaths/min
SPO2: 95% (room air)
The nurse knows the PRIORITY intervention is: -
CORRECT|ANSWER
Antibiotic infusion
The flight crew is called for an interfacility transfer of a 3-year-old patient involved in a high-speed
MVA with partial ejection. The patient was reported to have a declining mental status on arrival to
the ED and required intubation. Radiographs and CT scans were negative for head or spinal injuries.
During transport, the flight crew knows that a PRIORITY intervention is to: -
CORRECT|ANSWER
Maintain spinal motion restrictions
During transport in a high-altitude environment, a transport nurse notes a decrease in the patient's
oxygen saturation. Which of the following gas laws is most likely responsible? -
CORRECT|ANSWER
