Fundamentals of Nursing Evolve HESI
Real Exams Questions Bank Review
Latest | Evolve Hesi Fundamentals Best
Exam Prep Test Bank- a Review of 340
Latest Correctly Answered Questions
with Rationales (New!)
SECTION 1: SAFETY & INFECTION CONTROL (Questions 1-
20)
1. A nurse is caring for a patient with Clostridium difficile infection. Which hand
hygiene method is required after patient care?
• A. Alcohol-based hand rub
• B. Hand washing with soap and water
• C. Antiseptic hand wipe
• D. No hand hygiene needed with gloves
Rationale: C. difficile spores are not killed by alcohol-based hand rubs. Hand washing
with soap and water is required to mechanically remove spores after contact with C. diff
patients. This follows CDC guidelines for spore-forming organisms .
2. What is the most effective method to prevent the spread of healthcare-
associated infections in a hospital setting?
• A. Hand hygiene practices
• B. Use of personal protective equipment (PPE)
• C. Frequent environmental cleaning
• D. Vaccination of staff
,Rationale: Hand hygiene is the most effective method for preventing the spread of
infections in healthcare settings. Proper handwashing before and after patient contact
significantly reduces the transmission of pathogens .
3. A patient on contact precautions for MRSA needs to be transported to
radiology. Which action by the nurse is most appropriate?
• A. Remove gown and gloves, then transport patient
• B. Have radiology staff don PPE before patient arrives
• C. Ensure patient wears clean gown and performs hand hygiene; notify
receiving department of precautions
• D. Cancel the procedure until precautions are discontinued
Rationale: For transport, the patient wears a clean gown and performs hand hygiene.
The receiving department must be notified of precautions so they can implement
appropriate PPE. The patient does not wear PPE during transport .
4. A fire starts in a patient's trash can on the medical-surgical unit. According to
the RACE protocol, what is the nurse's first action?
• A. Remove patients in immediate danger
• B. Pull the fire alarm
• C. Close doors to contain smoke
• D. Use fire extinguisher to put out flames
Rationale: RACE stands for Rescue (remove patients in immediate danger), Alarm (pull
alarm), Contain (close doors), Extinguish (if safe). Rescue is always the first priority to
ensure patient safety .
5. A patient hospitalized with confirmed tuberculosis is placed in an airborne
infection isolation room. What protective equipment should the nurse wear when
entering the room?
• A. Surgical mask only
• B. N95 respirator (or higher) and gloves
• C. Gown, gloves, and surgical mask
• D. N95 respirator with eye protection
Rationale: Tuberculosis requires airborne precautions. An N95 respirator is required for
airborne pathogens, and eye protection is necessary as TB can be transmitted through
mucous membrane exposure. Gloves are also standard when contact with body fluids is
possible .
,6. A nurse is applying restraints to a patient who is pulling at IV lines and
attempting to get out of bed despite fall risk. Which documentation is required?
• A. Reason for restraints, type used, time applied, and patient response only
• B. Physician's order, alternatives attempted, type of restraint, time applied,
circulation checks, and patient response
• C. Nursing judgment note explaining why restraints were necessary
• D. Patient's consent for restraint application
Rationale: Restraint documentation requires the physician's order, documentation that
less restrictive alternatives were attempted, type of restraint, time applied, frequent
circulation checks (every 15-30 minutes), and ongoing patient response monitoring per
The Joint Commission standards .
7. A nurse enters a patient's room and finds the patient on the floor next to the
bed. The patient states, "I just slid down; I don't think anything is broken." What is
the nurse's priority action?
• A. Call the provider immediately
• B. Complete an incident report
• C. Assess the patient for injuries
• D. Return the patient to bed immediately
Rationale: After a fall, the nurse must first assess the patient for injuries, neurological
changes, and pain before moving them. Moving an injured patient could worsen
potential fractures or spinal injuries .
8. A client's right hand is cool, with a blue tint and capillary refill greater than 3
seconds. The right wrist restraint is in place. What action should the nurse
implement first?
• A. Loosen the right wrist restraint
• B. Apply a pulse oximeter to the right hand
• C. Compare hand color bilaterally
• D. Palpate the right radial pulse
Rationale: The priority nursing action is to restore circulation by loosening the restraint,
because blue fingers (cyanosis) indicate decreased circulation. While comparing hand
color and palpating the pulse are also important interventions, they do not have the
priority of loosening the restraint .
9. What is the primary purpose of hand hygiene in a healthcare setting?
, • A. To prevent the spread of infections
• B. To protect patient health and safety
• C. To comply with hospital regulations
• D. To remove visible dirt
Rationale: Hand hygiene is fundamental in healthcare as it significantly reduces the
transmission of pathogens, thereby protecting patient health and safety. It is a primary
defense against infections, particularly in environments where patients may have
compromised immune systems .
10. A nurse is preparing to insert an indwelling urinary catheter. Which action
demonstrates proper sterile technique?
• A. Opening the sterile kit and placing the catheter on the sterile field before hand
hygiene
• B. Using sterile gloves and opening inner packaging without contaminating
contents
• C. Cleaning the meatus with the same cotton ball twice
• D. Placing the drainage bag above the level of the bladder
Rationale: Sterile gloves maintain asepsis; opening inner packaging correctly prevents
contamination. Hand hygiene must be performed first. Each cotton ball should be used
once, and the drainage bag must be below the level of the bladder .
11. A nurse is caring for a patient who is post-operative day 2. The patient reports
pain at the surgical site rated 8 out of 10. What is the nurse's best initial action?
• A. Offer ice packs to the area
• B. Assess the surgical site for signs of complications
• C. Administer prescribed pain medication
• D. Document the patient's report
Rationale: Before any interventions such as medication or comfort measures, it is
essential for the nurse to physically assess the surgical site for any signs of
complications like infection, hematoma, or excessive bleeding. This assessment guides
the appropriate response to the patient's pain .
12. A patient receiving anticoagulant therapy requires further teaching if they
state:
• A. "I should avoid sharp objects and use an electric razor."
• B. "I will follow up with my doctor for regular INR checks."
Real Exams Questions Bank Review
Latest | Evolve Hesi Fundamentals Best
Exam Prep Test Bank- a Review of 340
Latest Correctly Answered Questions
with Rationales (New!)
SECTION 1: SAFETY & INFECTION CONTROL (Questions 1-
20)
1. A nurse is caring for a patient with Clostridium difficile infection. Which hand
hygiene method is required after patient care?
• A. Alcohol-based hand rub
• B. Hand washing with soap and water
• C. Antiseptic hand wipe
• D. No hand hygiene needed with gloves
Rationale: C. difficile spores are not killed by alcohol-based hand rubs. Hand washing
with soap and water is required to mechanically remove spores after contact with C. diff
patients. This follows CDC guidelines for spore-forming organisms .
2. What is the most effective method to prevent the spread of healthcare-
associated infections in a hospital setting?
• A. Hand hygiene practices
• B. Use of personal protective equipment (PPE)
• C. Frequent environmental cleaning
• D. Vaccination of staff
,Rationale: Hand hygiene is the most effective method for preventing the spread of
infections in healthcare settings. Proper handwashing before and after patient contact
significantly reduces the transmission of pathogens .
3. A patient on contact precautions for MRSA needs to be transported to
radiology. Which action by the nurse is most appropriate?
• A. Remove gown and gloves, then transport patient
• B. Have radiology staff don PPE before patient arrives
• C. Ensure patient wears clean gown and performs hand hygiene; notify
receiving department of precautions
• D. Cancel the procedure until precautions are discontinued
Rationale: For transport, the patient wears a clean gown and performs hand hygiene.
The receiving department must be notified of precautions so they can implement
appropriate PPE. The patient does not wear PPE during transport .
4. A fire starts in a patient's trash can on the medical-surgical unit. According to
the RACE protocol, what is the nurse's first action?
• A. Remove patients in immediate danger
• B. Pull the fire alarm
• C. Close doors to contain smoke
• D. Use fire extinguisher to put out flames
Rationale: RACE stands for Rescue (remove patients in immediate danger), Alarm (pull
alarm), Contain (close doors), Extinguish (if safe). Rescue is always the first priority to
ensure patient safety .
5. A patient hospitalized with confirmed tuberculosis is placed in an airborne
infection isolation room. What protective equipment should the nurse wear when
entering the room?
• A. Surgical mask only
• B. N95 respirator (or higher) and gloves
• C. Gown, gloves, and surgical mask
• D. N95 respirator with eye protection
Rationale: Tuberculosis requires airborne precautions. An N95 respirator is required for
airborne pathogens, and eye protection is necessary as TB can be transmitted through
mucous membrane exposure. Gloves are also standard when contact with body fluids is
possible .
,6. A nurse is applying restraints to a patient who is pulling at IV lines and
attempting to get out of bed despite fall risk. Which documentation is required?
• A. Reason for restraints, type used, time applied, and patient response only
• B. Physician's order, alternatives attempted, type of restraint, time applied,
circulation checks, and patient response
• C. Nursing judgment note explaining why restraints were necessary
• D. Patient's consent for restraint application
Rationale: Restraint documentation requires the physician's order, documentation that
less restrictive alternatives were attempted, type of restraint, time applied, frequent
circulation checks (every 15-30 minutes), and ongoing patient response monitoring per
The Joint Commission standards .
7. A nurse enters a patient's room and finds the patient on the floor next to the
bed. The patient states, "I just slid down; I don't think anything is broken." What is
the nurse's priority action?
• A. Call the provider immediately
• B. Complete an incident report
• C. Assess the patient for injuries
• D. Return the patient to bed immediately
Rationale: After a fall, the nurse must first assess the patient for injuries, neurological
changes, and pain before moving them. Moving an injured patient could worsen
potential fractures or spinal injuries .
8. A client's right hand is cool, with a blue tint and capillary refill greater than 3
seconds. The right wrist restraint is in place. What action should the nurse
implement first?
• A. Loosen the right wrist restraint
• B. Apply a pulse oximeter to the right hand
• C. Compare hand color bilaterally
• D. Palpate the right radial pulse
Rationale: The priority nursing action is to restore circulation by loosening the restraint,
because blue fingers (cyanosis) indicate decreased circulation. While comparing hand
color and palpating the pulse are also important interventions, they do not have the
priority of loosening the restraint .
9. What is the primary purpose of hand hygiene in a healthcare setting?
, • A. To prevent the spread of infections
• B. To protect patient health and safety
• C. To comply with hospital regulations
• D. To remove visible dirt
Rationale: Hand hygiene is fundamental in healthcare as it significantly reduces the
transmission of pathogens, thereby protecting patient health and safety. It is a primary
defense against infections, particularly in environments where patients may have
compromised immune systems .
10. A nurse is preparing to insert an indwelling urinary catheter. Which action
demonstrates proper sterile technique?
• A. Opening the sterile kit and placing the catheter on the sterile field before hand
hygiene
• B. Using sterile gloves and opening inner packaging without contaminating
contents
• C. Cleaning the meatus with the same cotton ball twice
• D. Placing the drainage bag above the level of the bladder
Rationale: Sterile gloves maintain asepsis; opening inner packaging correctly prevents
contamination. Hand hygiene must be performed first. Each cotton ball should be used
once, and the drainage bag must be below the level of the bladder .
11. A nurse is caring for a patient who is post-operative day 2. The patient reports
pain at the surgical site rated 8 out of 10. What is the nurse's best initial action?
• A. Offer ice packs to the area
• B. Assess the surgical site for signs of complications
• C. Administer prescribed pain medication
• D. Document the patient's report
Rationale: Before any interventions such as medication or comfort measures, it is
essential for the nurse to physically assess the surgical site for any signs of
complications like infection, hematoma, or excessive bleeding. This assessment guides
the appropriate response to the patient's pain .
12. A patient receiving anticoagulant therapy requires further teaching if they
state:
• A. "I should avoid sharp objects and use an electric razor."
• B. "I will follow up with my doctor for regular INR checks."
