MICR 290 EXAM SCRIPT UPDATED
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
EXPERT REVIEWED
●● Prokaryote
Answer: unicellular organism that lacks a nucleus
●● Prokaryotes consist of
Answer: Bacteria and Archaea
●● Francisco Redi (1668)
Answer: - used meat experiment with maggots to begin showing
spontaneous generation wasn't true.
●● Archaea
Answer: - one of two prokaryotic domains of life, the other being
Bacteria
- live in extreme environments such as volcanoes or at the bottom of the
ocean
●● Bacteria
Answer: - domain of unicellular prokaryotes that have cell walls
containing peptidoglycan
,●● Louis Pasteur
Answer: - a french chemist
- discovered that heat could kill bacteria that otherwise spoiled liquids
including milk, wine, and beer.
- founded the final experiment that shows life comes from other life
- "swan-necked flasks"
- life only grows if microbes can get into the flasks
●● Robert Koch (1876)
Answer: Proved that microbes cause disease by proving that bacteria
caused anthrax.
●● Ignaz Semmelweis (1840s)
Answer: - advocated hand washing to prevent transmission of puerperal
fever from one OB patient to another
- resulted in higher patient survival rates
●● Lister's antiseptic technique
Answer: Joseph Lister advanced antisepsis in health care settings
Sprayed wounds, surgical incisions, and dressings with carbolic acid
(phenol)
, ●● Nightingale's Environmental Theory and Nursing
Answer: - introduced cleanliness and antiseptic techniques into nursing
practice
- advocated for hospital and public health policy reform
- fresh air, pure water, efficient drainage, cleanliness & light
●● Snow and epidemiology
Answer: - John Snow mapped cholera epidemic in London in 1854
- his work was the foundation for infection control and epidemiology
●● Jenner's vaccine
Answer: - Edward Jenner developed a vaccine against smallpox
- demonstrated the validity of vaccination
- began the field of immunology
●● Ehrlich's "magic bullets"
Answer: - Paul Ehrlich worked to identify "magic bullets" that would
destroy pathogens but not harm humans
- discoveries began the field of chemotherapy
●● How do genes work?
Answer: - microbial genetics
- recombinant DNA technology
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
EXPERT REVIEWED
●● Prokaryote
Answer: unicellular organism that lacks a nucleus
●● Prokaryotes consist of
Answer: Bacteria and Archaea
●● Francisco Redi (1668)
Answer: - used meat experiment with maggots to begin showing
spontaneous generation wasn't true.
●● Archaea
Answer: - one of two prokaryotic domains of life, the other being
Bacteria
- live in extreme environments such as volcanoes or at the bottom of the
ocean
●● Bacteria
Answer: - domain of unicellular prokaryotes that have cell walls
containing peptidoglycan
,●● Louis Pasteur
Answer: - a french chemist
- discovered that heat could kill bacteria that otherwise spoiled liquids
including milk, wine, and beer.
- founded the final experiment that shows life comes from other life
- "swan-necked flasks"
- life only grows if microbes can get into the flasks
●● Robert Koch (1876)
Answer: Proved that microbes cause disease by proving that bacteria
caused anthrax.
●● Ignaz Semmelweis (1840s)
Answer: - advocated hand washing to prevent transmission of puerperal
fever from one OB patient to another
- resulted in higher patient survival rates
●● Lister's antiseptic technique
Answer: Joseph Lister advanced antisepsis in health care settings
Sprayed wounds, surgical incisions, and dressings with carbolic acid
(phenol)
, ●● Nightingale's Environmental Theory and Nursing
Answer: - introduced cleanliness and antiseptic techniques into nursing
practice
- advocated for hospital and public health policy reform
- fresh air, pure water, efficient drainage, cleanliness & light
●● Snow and epidemiology
Answer: - John Snow mapped cholera epidemic in London in 1854
- his work was the foundation for infection control and epidemiology
●● Jenner's vaccine
Answer: - Edward Jenner developed a vaccine against smallpox
- demonstrated the validity of vaccination
- began the field of immunology
●● Ehrlich's "magic bullets"
Answer: - Paul Ehrlich worked to identify "magic bullets" that would
destroy pathogens but not harm humans
- discoveries began the field of chemotherapy
●● How do genes work?
Answer: - microbial genetics
- recombinant DNA technology
