NRNP 6665 PMHNP CHILD AND
ADOLESCENT FINAL EXAM STUDY
GUIDE
1. A 10-year-old child presents with extreme irritability, frequent temper outbursts occurring
3-4 times a week, and a persistent angry mood between outbursts for the past 14 months.
Which diagnosis is most appropriate according to DSM-5?
A. Bipolar I Disorder
B. Oppositional Defiant Disorder
C. Major Depressive Disorder
D. Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder (DMDD) is
characterized by severe recurrent temper outbursts and a persistent irritable mood for at
least 12 months, with onset before age 10.
,2. When prescribing stimulants for a child with ADHD, which of the following is considered a
primary contraindication requiring prior cardiac clearance?
A. Family history of type 2 diabetes
B. Mild seasonal allergies
C. Structural heart abnormalities or family history of sudden cardiac death
D. History of mild tension headaches
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: Stimulants carry a warning for children with structural heart
defects or other serious heart problems due to the risk of sudden death, stroke, and
myocardial infarction.
3. In the assessment of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), at what age does the American
Academy of Pediatrics recommend universal screening using tools like the M-CHAT-R/F?
A. 6 and 12 months
B. 18 and 24 months
C. 3 and 5 years
D. During every well-child visit until age 10
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: The M-CHAT-R/F is specifically designed and recommended for
screening at the 18- and 24-month well-child visits to ensure early intervention.
, 4. Which neurodevelopmental theory suggests that children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
lack the ability to understand that others have beliefs, desires, and intentions different from
their own?
A. Central Coherence Theory
B. Executive Functioning Theory
C. Mirror Neuron Hypothesis
D. Theory of Mind
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: Theory of Mind refers to the cognitive ability to attribute mental
states to oneself and others; deficits in this are a hallmark of ASD.
5. A 15-year-old girl with Anorexia Nervosa is being hospitalized. Which electrolyte
abnormality is the most significant indicator of potential Refeeding Syndrome?
A. Hyperkalemia
B. Hypernatremia
C. Hypocalcemia
D. Hypophosphatemia
Answer: D
ADOLESCENT FINAL EXAM STUDY
GUIDE
1. A 10-year-old child presents with extreme irritability, frequent temper outbursts occurring
3-4 times a week, and a persistent angry mood between outbursts for the past 14 months.
Which diagnosis is most appropriate according to DSM-5?
A. Bipolar I Disorder
B. Oppositional Defiant Disorder
C. Major Depressive Disorder
D. Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder (DMDD) is
characterized by severe recurrent temper outbursts and a persistent irritable mood for at
least 12 months, with onset before age 10.
,2. When prescribing stimulants for a child with ADHD, which of the following is considered a
primary contraindication requiring prior cardiac clearance?
A. Family history of type 2 diabetes
B. Mild seasonal allergies
C. Structural heart abnormalities or family history of sudden cardiac death
D. History of mild tension headaches
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: Stimulants carry a warning for children with structural heart
defects or other serious heart problems due to the risk of sudden death, stroke, and
myocardial infarction.
3. In the assessment of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), at what age does the American
Academy of Pediatrics recommend universal screening using tools like the M-CHAT-R/F?
A. 6 and 12 months
B. 18 and 24 months
C. 3 and 5 years
D. During every well-child visit until age 10
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: The M-CHAT-R/F is specifically designed and recommended for
screening at the 18- and 24-month well-child visits to ensure early intervention.
, 4. Which neurodevelopmental theory suggests that children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
lack the ability to understand that others have beliefs, desires, and intentions different from
their own?
A. Central Coherence Theory
B. Executive Functioning Theory
C. Mirror Neuron Hypothesis
D. Theory of Mind
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: Theory of Mind refers to the cognitive ability to attribute mental
states to oneself and others; deficits in this are a hallmark of ASD.
5. A 15-year-old girl with Anorexia Nervosa is being hospitalized. Which electrolyte
abnormality is the most significant indicator of potential Refeeding Syndrome?
A. Hyperkalemia
B. Hypernatremia
C. Hypocalcemia
D. Hypophosphatemia
Answer: D
