,NUR 1172 Exam 1 Nutritional Principles in Nursing | Questions and
Answers 2026/2027 | Rasmussen University
Q1. What is the primary purpose of nutrition?
A) To provide only calories
B) To provide the body with nutrients needed for energy, growth, repair, and
normal function
C) To prevent every disease
D) To eliminate the need for physical activity
Correct Answer: B) To provide the body with nutrients needed for energy,
growth, repair, and normal function
Rationale: Nutrition supplies the nutrients and energy required to maintain
body processes, support growth and repair, and promote health.
Q2. Which nutrients provide energy to the body?
A) Vitamins and minerals only
B) Water and minerals
C) Carbohydrates, proteins, and fats
D) Vitamins, minerals, and water
Correct Answer: C) Carbohydrates, proteins, and fats
Rationale: Carbohydrates, proteins, and fats are macronutrients that
provide energy. Vitamins, minerals, and water are essential nutrients but do
not provide calories.
Q3. Which macronutrient is generally the body's preferred source of
energy?
A) Carbohydrate
B) Protein
C) Fat
D) Water
Correct Answer: A) Carbohydrate
Rationale: Carbohydrates are readily broken down into glucose, which is an
important and readily available fuel for many tissues.
Q4. How many kilocalories are provided by 1 gram of carbohydrate?
A) 2 kcal
B) 4 kcal
,C) 7 kcal
D) 9 kcal
Correct Answer: B) 4 kcal
Rationale: Carbohydrates provide approximately 4 kilocalories per gram.
Q5. How many kilocalories are provided by 1 gram of protein?
A) 4 kcal
B) 5 kcal
C) 7 kcal
D) 9 kcal
Correct Answer: A) 4 kcal
Rationale: Protein provides approximately 4 kilocalories per gram.
Q6. How many kilocalories are provided by 1 gram of fat?
A) 4 kcal
B) 5 kcal
C) 7 kcal
D) 9 kcal
Correct Answer: D) 9 kcal
Rationale: Fat is the most energy-dense macronutrient, providing
approximately 9 kilocalories per gram.
Q7. Food energy is commonly measured in which unit?
A) Milligrams
B) Kilocalories
C) Liters
D) Grams
Correct Answer: B) Kilocalories
Rationale: Food energy is commonly expressed in kilocalories, often
shortened to calories on food labels.
Q8. Which macronutrient is most energy dense?
A) Carbohydrate
B) Protein
C) Fat
D) Water
, Correct Answer: C) Fat
Rationale: Fat provides about 9 kcal/g, compared with approximately 4
kcal/g for carbohydrates and protein.
Q9. Which statement best distinguishes micronutrients from
macronutrients?
A) Micronutrients are required in smaller amounts and include vitamins and
minerals
B) Micronutrients provide all of the body's calories
C) Macronutrients are required only during childhood
D) Macronutrients include only vitamins and minerals
Correct Answer: A) Micronutrients are required in smaller amounts and
include vitamins and minerals
Rationale: Micronutrients such as vitamins and minerals are needed in
relatively small quantities but are essential for normal physiologic processes.
Q10. Which nutrient is essential for transporting substances,
regulating temperature, and supporting many chemical reactions?
A) Fat
B) Protein
C) Carbohydrate
D) Water
Correct Answer: D) Water
Rationale: Water is essential for transport, temperature regulation,
lubrication, chemical reactions, and maintenance of fluid balance.
Q11. Which nutrient is primarily responsible for building and
repairing body tissues?
A) Protein
B) Water
C) Carbohydrate
D) Vitamin C
Correct Answer: A) Protein
Rationale: Protein supplies amino acids needed for tissue synthesis, repair,
enzymes, hormones, and many other functions.
Q12. Which statement about vitamins is correct?
Answers 2026/2027 | Rasmussen University
Q1. What is the primary purpose of nutrition?
A) To provide only calories
B) To provide the body with nutrients needed for energy, growth, repair, and
normal function
C) To prevent every disease
D) To eliminate the need for physical activity
Correct Answer: B) To provide the body with nutrients needed for energy,
growth, repair, and normal function
Rationale: Nutrition supplies the nutrients and energy required to maintain
body processes, support growth and repair, and promote health.
Q2. Which nutrients provide energy to the body?
A) Vitamins and minerals only
B) Water and minerals
C) Carbohydrates, proteins, and fats
D) Vitamins, minerals, and water
Correct Answer: C) Carbohydrates, proteins, and fats
Rationale: Carbohydrates, proteins, and fats are macronutrients that
provide energy. Vitamins, minerals, and water are essential nutrients but do
not provide calories.
Q3. Which macronutrient is generally the body's preferred source of
energy?
A) Carbohydrate
B) Protein
C) Fat
D) Water
Correct Answer: A) Carbohydrate
Rationale: Carbohydrates are readily broken down into glucose, which is an
important and readily available fuel for many tissues.
Q4. How many kilocalories are provided by 1 gram of carbohydrate?
A) 2 kcal
B) 4 kcal
,C) 7 kcal
D) 9 kcal
Correct Answer: B) 4 kcal
Rationale: Carbohydrates provide approximately 4 kilocalories per gram.
Q5. How many kilocalories are provided by 1 gram of protein?
A) 4 kcal
B) 5 kcal
C) 7 kcal
D) 9 kcal
Correct Answer: A) 4 kcal
Rationale: Protein provides approximately 4 kilocalories per gram.
Q6. How many kilocalories are provided by 1 gram of fat?
A) 4 kcal
B) 5 kcal
C) 7 kcal
D) 9 kcal
Correct Answer: D) 9 kcal
Rationale: Fat is the most energy-dense macronutrient, providing
approximately 9 kilocalories per gram.
Q7. Food energy is commonly measured in which unit?
A) Milligrams
B) Kilocalories
C) Liters
D) Grams
Correct Answer: B) Kilocalories
Rationale: Food energy is commonly expressed in kilocalories, often
shortened to calories on food labels.
Q8. Which macronutrient is most energy dense?
A) Carbohydrate
B) Protein
C) Fat
D) Water
, Correct Answer: C) Fat
Rationale: Fat provides about 9 kcal/g, compared with approximately 4
kcal/g for carbohydrates and protein.
Q9. Which statement best distinguishes micronutrients from
macronutrients?
A) Micronutrients are required in smaller amounts and include vitamins and
minerals
B) Micronutrients provide all of the body's calories
C) Macronutrients are required only during childhood
D) Macronutrients include only vitamins and minerals
Correct Answer: A) Micronutrients are required in smaller amounts and
include vitamins and minerals
Rationale: Micronutrients such as vitamins and minerals are needed in
relatively small quantities but are essential for normal physiologic processes.
Q10. Which nutrient is essential for transporting substances,
regulating temperature, and supporting many chemical reactions?
A) Fat
B) Protein
C) Carbohydrate
D) Water
Correct Answer: D) Water
Rationale: Water is essential for transport, temperature regulation,
lubrication, chemical reactions, and maintenance of fluid balance.
Q11. Which nutrient is primarily responsible for building and
repairing body tissues?
A) Protein
B) Water
C) Carbohydrate
D) Vitamin C
Correct Answer: A) Protein
Rationale: Protein supplies amino acids needed for tissue synthesis, repair,
enzymes, hormones, and many other functions.
Q12. Which statement about vitamins is correct?
