W I L K E S U N I V E R S I T Y · G R A D U AT E N U R S I N G
NSG 555 Quiz 2 — Module
4
Diabetes Practice
Questions
Comprehensive Practice Questions with Rationales
Topic Focus: Diabetes Mellitus — Diagnosis, Management, Pharmacology &
Complications
Edition 1 · July 2026
Table of Contents
1. Instructions for Use 2
2. Practice Questions with Answers & Rationales — NSG 555 Quiz 2 Module 4 2
NSG 555 · Wilkes University Page 1
,NSG 555 QUIZ 2 MODULE 4 REVIEW INSTRUCTIONS & PRACTICE QUESTIONS
How to Use This Guide
Read each stem, choose your answer, then check the rationale directly below it. The correct
option is marked, and each wrong option is explained so you understand why it's wrong — not
just that it is. Each question is derived directly from NSG 555 Module 4 diabetes course content
and formatted in exam style.
Category: Diabetes Mellitus — Comprehensive Review
1 Diabetes screening recommendations include:
A OGTT or A1C if overweight with 1+ risk factors; A1C >5.7 tested yearly; gestational
diabetes tested q3 years; others start at age 45; normal results tested q3 years
unless new risk factors
B Only A1C testing for all adults starting at age 40
C Only fasting glucose for all adults starting at age 50
D Only testing if symptoms are present
Why A is correct: Screening recommendations include OGTT/A1C for overweight
individuals with risk factors, annual testing for A1C >5.7, q3 years for gestational diabetes
history, starting at age 45 for others, and q3 years for normal results.
B — Testing is risk-stratified, not universal at age 40.
C — Fasting glucose is one option but not the only one.
D — Screening should be done proactively, not only when symptomatic.
,2 Type 1 diabetes is caused by:
A Autoimmune destruction of beta cells, leading to lifelong dependence on insulin;
antibodies to islet cells, insulin autoantibodies, and antibodies to tyrosine phosphate
B Insulin resistance
C Obesity and metabolic syndrome
D Pancreatic alpha cell dysfunction
Why A is correct: Type 1 diabetes is autoimmune destruction of beta cells, resulting in
lifelong insulin dependence. Antibodies include islet cell antibodies, insulin autoantibodies,
and tyrosine phosphatase antibodies.
B — Insulin resistance is characteristic of type 2 diabetes.
C — Obesity is associated with type 2 diabetes.
D — Alpha cell dysfunction is not the primary cause of type 1.
3 What is LADA (latent autoimmune diabetes in adults)?
A Beta cell dysfunction in older adults, with reduced insulin production, lipolysis,
decreased incretin effect, and increased glucagon secretion
B A type of type 1 diabetes that occurs only in children
C A type of type 2 diabetes that occurs in adolescents
D A form of gestational diabetes
Why A is correct: LADA is beta cell dysfunction in older adults with reduced insulin
production, lipolysis, decreased incretin effect, and increased glucagon secretion.
B — LADA occurs in adults, not children.
C — LADA is a form of autoimmune diabetes, not type 2.
D — LADA is not gestational diabetes.
, 4 Incretins are defined as:
A Peptides produced in the GI tract in response to food that help modulate insulin and
glucagon activity
B Hormones produced in the pancreas that increase blood glucose
C Enzymes that break down carbohydrates
D Proteins that decrease insulin sensitivity
Why A is correct: Incretins are peptides produced in the GI tract in response to food that
help modulate insulin and glucagon activity.
B — Incretins are produced in the GI tract, not the pancreas.
C — Incretins are hormones, not digestive enzymes.
D — Incretins improve insulin sensitivity.
5 Glucagon is defined as:
A A hormone secreted by pancreatic alpha cells that increases blood glucose
concentration
B A hormone secreted by pancreatic beta cells that decreases blood glucose
concentration
C A hormone produced in the liver that stores glucose
D A hormone that stimulates insulin release
Why A is correct: Glucagon is secreted by pancreatic alpha cells and increases blood
glucose concentration.
B — Beta cells secrete insulin, not glucagon.
C — Glucagon is produced in the pancreas, not the liver.
D — Glucagon counteracts insulin.
NSG 555 Quiz 2 — Module
4
Diabetes Practice
Questions
Comprehensive Practice Questions with Rationales
Topic Focus: Diabetes Mellitus — Diagnosis, Management, Pharmacology &
Complications
Edition 1 · July 2026
Table of Contents
1. Instructions for Use 2
2. Practice Questions with Answers & Rationales — NSG 555 Quiz 2 Module 4 2
NSG 555 · Wilkes University Page 1
,NSG 555 QUIZ 2 MODULE 4 REVIEW INSTRUCTIONS & PRACTICE QUESTIONS
How to Use This Guide
Read each stem, choose your answer, then check the rationale directly below it. The correct
option is marked, and each wrong option is explained so you understand why it's wrong — not
just that it is. Each question is derived directly from NSG 555 Module 4 diabetes course content
and formatted in exam style.
Category: Diabetes Mellitus — Comprehensive Review
1 Diabetes screening recommendations include:
A OGTT or A1C if overweight with 1+ risk factors; A1C >5.7 tested yearly; gestational
diabetes tested q3 years; others start at age 45; normal results tested q3 years
unless new risk factors
B Only A1C testing for all adults starting at age 40
C Only fasting glucose for all adults starting at age 50
D Only testing if symptoms are present
Why A is correct: Screening recommendations include OGTT/A1C for overweight
individuals with risk factors, annual testing for A1C >5.7, q3 years for gestational diabetes
history, starting at age 45 for others, and q3 years for normal results.
B — Testing is risk-stratified, not universal at age 40.
C — Fasting glucose is one option but not the only one.
D — Screening should be done proactively, not only when symptomatic.
,2 Type 1 diabetes is caused by:
A Autoimmune destruction of beta cells, leading to lifelong dependence on insulin;
antibodies to islet cells, insulin autoantibodies, and antibodies to tyrosine phosphate
B Insulin resistance
C Obesity and metabolic syndrome
D Pancreatic alpha cell dysfunction
Why A is correct: Type 1 diabetes is autoimmune destruction of beta cells, resulting in
lifelong insulin dependence. Antibodies include islet cell antibodies, insulin autoantibodies,
and tyrosine phosphatase antibodies.
B — Insulin resistance is characteristic of type 2 diabetes.
C — Obesity is associated with type 2 diabetes.
D — Alpha cell dysfunction is not the primary cause of type 1.
3 What is LADA (latent autoimmune diabetes in adults)?
A Beta cell dysfunction in older adults, with reduced insulin production, lipolysis,
decreased incretin effect, and increased glucagon secretion
B A type of type 1 diabetes that occurs only in children
C A type of type 2 diabetes that occurs in adolescents
D A form of gestational diabetes
Why A is correct: LADA is beta cell dysfunction in older adults with reduced insulin
production, lipolysis, decreased incretin effect, and increased glucagon secretion.
B — LADA occurs in adults, not children.
C — LADA is a form of autoimmune diabetes, not type 2.
D — LADA is not gestational diabetes.
, 4 Incretins are defined as:
A Peptides produced in the GI tract in response to food that help modulate insulin and
glucagon activity
B Hormones produced in the pancreas that increase blood glucose
C Enzymes that break down carbohydrates
D Proteins that decrease insulin sensitivity
Why A is correct: Incretins are peptides produced in the GI tract in response to food that
help modulate insulin and glucagon activity.
B — Incretins are produced in the GI tract, not the pancreas.
C — Incretins are hormones, not digestive enzymes.
D — Incretins improve insulin sensitivity.
5 Glucagon is defined as:
A A hormone secreted by pancreatic alpha cells that increases blood glucose
concentration
B A hormone secreted by pancreatic beta cells that decreases blood glucose
concentration
C A hormone produced in the liver that stores glucose
D A hormone that stimulates insulin release
Why A is correct: Glucagon is secreted by pancreatic alpha cells and increases blood
glucose concentration.
B — Beta cells secrete insulin, not glucagon.
C — Glucagon is produced in the pancreas, not the liver.
D — Glucagon counteracts insulin.
