Bioc 384 FINAL EXAM REVIOSIONAL
QUESTIONS AND ACCURATE ANSWERS
The study of biochemistry attempts to explain - Correct Answer: biological processes at the molecular
and cellular level.
The __________ differentiates amino acids from one another. - Correct Answer: side chains attached to
the central carbon
If the concentration of aspartate in the cell decreased, what would be the predicted outcome? - Correct
Answer: decreased concentration of fumarate
Plasmids are small, circular DNA molecules that are used in which of the following? - Correct Answer:
gene cloning
A hydrogen bond can best be described as a - Correct Answer: weak noncovalent interaction.
Given a DNA sequence of 3'-CAT-5', what is the complementary sequence in mRNA? - Correct Answer:
5'-GUA-3'
Bioinformatics shows that 98% of human DNA is identical to that of chimpanzees. If human DNA
contains 3.2 billion nucleotides, how many nucleotides are different between the two species? - Correct
Answer: 64 million
Highly conserved gene sequences that encode proteins with the same function in different organisms
are called __________ genes. - Correct Answer: orthologous
In DNA the phosphate groups are on the outside of the helix. Why does this stabilize the structure? -
Correct Answer: ionic interactions with the solvent
What is the cause of the overall negative charge of a molecule of DNA? - Correct Answer: the phosphate
backbone
,The DNA double helix is stabilized by the interactions between nucleotides because of __________
between nucleotides. - Correct Answer: pi-pi stacking
What side products of pyruvate are being converted into alcohol and carbon dioxide by yeast? - Correct
Answer: CO2 and NAD+
A requirement for a covalent bond to form between two atoms is that - Correct Answer: there are
unpaired electrons on each atom.
The correct name for the VSEPR arrangement around a carbon in methane is - Correct Answer:
tetrahedral.
Cell signaling and cell membranes are examples of functions performed by which biomolecule? - Correct
Answer: fatty acid
The figure below shows an example of which functional group? - Correct Answer: phosphoryl
Triacylglycerols are neutral molecules made of - Correct Answer: three fatty acid esters covalently linked
to glycerol.
Vitamin B2 is a metabolite. Lack of vitamin B2 can lead to blurred vision and a swollen tongue. Vitamin
B2 has such a strong effect on health because metabolites - Correct Answer: are the catalysts that drive
biochemical reactions necessary for life-sustaining processes.
Which of the following is the correct solar energy reaction that takes place on the sun? - Correct
Answer: 4H → 4He
What is the final molecule made from the oxidation of H2O by solar energy? - Correct Answer: glucose
The difference between an oxidation reaction and a reduction reaction is that oxidation is the
__________ and reduction is the __________. - Correct Answer: loss of electrons; gain of electrons
, Which of the following is an example of a system? - Correct Answer: a test tube with reaction
components
A hot pack on your arm is an example of what kind of system? - Correct Answer: closed
The combustion of gasoline is considered exothermic because heat is - Correct Answer: transferred from
the system to the surroundings.
The change in entropy of a system is a function of a change in - Correct Answer: enthalpy and
temperature.
If a reaction has a delta H > 0 and a delta S < 0, then __________ and the reaction is __________ at all
temperatures. - Correct Answer: Delta G > 0; nonspontaneous
If the equilibrium constant (Keq) is greater than 1, which direction will the reaction proceed? - Correct
Answer: spontaneously to products
Under what conditions could a biological reaction spontaneously proceed to reactants if the delta G° >
0? - Correct Answer: Product concentrations are greater than reactant concentrations.
The transfer of a phosphate from ATP to another molecule produces a(n) - Correct Answer: highly
reactive intermediate.
Under steady-state conditions in a mammalian cell, the adenine nucleotide concentrations are [ATP] =
3.3 mM, [ADP] = 1.2 mM, and [AMP] = 0.2 mM. What is the energy charge of this cell? - Correct Answer:
0.83
Organisms on Earth cannot easily exist at temperatures below mc031-1.jpg because at that temperature
- Correct Answer: ice crystals form in the organism.
A hydrogen bond can form between a hydrogen atom on a(n) - Correct Answer: electronegative donor
group and another electronegative atom
QUESTIONS AND ACCURATE ANSWERS
The study of biochemistry attempts to explain - Correct Answer: biological processes at the molecular
and cellular level.
The __________ differentiates amino acids from one another. - Correct Answer: side chains attached to
the central carbon
If the concentration of aspartate in the cell decreased, what would be the predicted outcome? - Correct
Answer: decreased concentration of fumarate
Plasmids are small, circular DNA molecules that are used in which of the following? - Correct Answer:
gene cloning
A hydrogen bond can best be described as a - Correct Answer: weak noncovalent interaction.
Given a DNA sequence of 3'-CAT-5', what is the complementary sequence in mRNA? - Correct Answer:
5'-GUA-3'
Bioinformatics shows that 98% of human DNA is identical to that of chimpanzees. If human DNA
contains 3.2 billion nucleotides, how many nucleotides are different between the two species? - Correct
Answer: 64 million
Highly conserved gene sequences that encode proteins with the same function in different organisms
are called __________ genes. - Correct Answer: orthologous
In DNA the phosphate groups are on the outside of the helix. Why does this stabilize the structure? -
Correct Answer: ionic interactions with the solvent
What is the cause of the overall negative charge of a molecule of DNA? - Correct Answer: the phosphate
backbone
,The DNA double helix is stabilized by the interactions between nucleotides because of __________
between nucleotides. - Correct Answer: pi-pi stacking
What side products of pyruvate are being converted into alcohol and carbon dioxide by yeast? - Correct
Answer: CO2 and NAD+
A requirement for a covalent bond to form between two atoms is that - Correct Answer: there are
unpaired electrons on each atom.
The correct name for the VSEPR arrangement around a carbon in methane is - Correct Answer:
tetrahedral.
Cell signaling and cell membranes are examples of functions performed by which biomolecule? - Correct
Answer: fatty acid
The figure below shows an example of which functional group? - Correct Answer: phosphoryl
Triacylglycerols are neutral molecules made of - Correct Answer: three fatty acid esters covalently linked
to glycerol.
Vitamin B2 is a metabolite. Lack of vitamin B2 can lead to blurred vision and a swollen tongue. Vitamin
B2 has such a strong effect on health because metabolites - Correct Answer: are the catalysts that drive
biochemical reactions necessary for life-sustaining processes.
Which of the following is the correct solar energy reaction that takes place on the sun? - Correct
Answer: 4H → 4He
What is the final molecule made from the oxidation of H2O by solar energy? - Correct Answer: glucose
The difference between an oxidation reaction and a reduction reaction is that oxidation is the
__________ and reduction is the __________. - Correct Answer: loss of electrons; gain of electrons
, Which of the following is an example of a system? - Correct Answer: a test tube with reaction
components
A hot pack on your arm is an example of what kind of system? - Correct Answer: closed
The combustion of gasoline is considered exothermic because heat is - Correct Answer: transferred from
the system to the surroundings.
The change in entropy of a system is a function of a change in - Correct Answer: enthalpy and
temperature.
If a reaction has a delta H > 0 and a delta S < 0, then __________ and the reaction is __________ at all
temperatures. - Correct Answer: Delta G > 0; nonspontaneous
If the equilibrium constant (Keq) is greater than 1, which direction will the reaction proceed? - Correct
Answer: spontaneously to products
Under what conditions could a biological reaction spontaneously proceed to reactants if the delta G° >
0? - Correct Answer: Product concentrations are greater than reactant concentrations.
The transfer of a phosphate from ATP to another molecule produces a(n) - Correct Answer: highly
reactive intermediate.
Under steady-state conditions in a mammalian cell, the adenine nucleotide concentrations are [ATP] =
3.3 mM, [ADP] = 1.2 mM, and [AMP] = 0.2 mM. What is the energy charge of this cell? - Correct Answer:
0.83
Organisms on Earth cannot easily exist at temperatures below mc031-1.jpg because at that temperature
- Correct Answer: ice crystals form in the organism.
A hydrogen bond can form between a hydrogen atom on a(n) - Correct Answer: electronegative donor
group and another electronegative atom
