ABO ADVANCED EXAM | COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND
DETAILED ANSWER EXPLANATIONS | 2026 UPDATE
• The denser the tint in a lens
A. the greater the transmission of light through the lens
B. the greater internal reflections in the lens
C. the less transmission of light through the lens
D. the fewer internal reflections in the lens -✓✓ C. the less transmission of light through
the lens
• Standard transmissions in sunlenses should range between -✓✓ 15% and 30%
• If a person has exposure to sunlight at least 2 hours or more during the day, -✓✓ their
ability to adapt to night vision is compromised if they don't protect their eyes from the
sun exposure
• A characteristic of dark tinted glass lens with an Rx of +4.00D sphere would be -✓✓
dark in the center and lighter on the edge
• Given a high plus or high minus Rx, which lens material would offer the best choice for
uniform density in a sunlens?
A. Pigmented glass
B. CR-39
C. Trivex
D. B & C -✓✓ D. B & C
• Although this may be the most popular color for sunlenses, it is not recommended for
patients with emerging cataracts -✓✓ Gray
• _ added to any color increases contrast -✓✓ Yellow
• _ is better than _ for improving contrast.
A. Violet/Gray
B. Green/Gray
C. Gray/Green
D. Gray/Violet -✓✓ B. Green/Gray
• Glare is of more concern to which wearer?
A. Red haired patient
B. Computer user
,C. Cataract patient
D. Presbyope -✓✓ C. Cataract patient
• _ are generally inorganic materials (metals or minerals) that are vacuum deposited to
add color on glass lenses to give a uniform density of color on the lenses -✓✓ Vacuum
color coatings
• What company introduced CR-39 lenses? -✓✓ PPG Industries
• What is the index of refraction of polycarbonate? -✓✓ 1.586 or 1.59
• The quality of today's polycarbonate lenses has been improved due to the demand of
what product? -✓✓ Compact discs
• Birefringence is also referred to as _ and can result in distortion reducing the visual
performance to the wearer? -✓✓ Double refraction
• What is the index of refraction of Trivex? -✓✓ 1.53
• Features and benefits of Trivex include _
A. Superior optics
B. Impact resistance
C. Ultra-light weight
D. All of the above -✓✓ D. All of the above
• Visible glare can be dangerous, because it can not only wash out colors, but in some
instances can cause -✓✓ photokeratitis
• Polarized filters are made by stretching thin sheets of _ in one meridian -✓✓ polyvinyl
alcohol
• Two methods for orienting the polarized filters into lenses include -✓✓ laminating and
molded
• As light reaches a polarizing filter, -✓✓ light in only one plane will pass through, having
the other absorbed by the filter, thereby reducing glare
• Polarized lenses were may not be recommended for which visual task? -✓✓ Any
visual task that may include using LCD instrumentation
• Photochromic lenses were introduced by -✓✓ corning in 1964
, • The color change in photochromic lenses occurs as a result of _ that are added to the
molten glass -✓✓ silver halide crystals
• The first successful plastic photochromic lenses were introduced by -✓✓ transitions in
1991
• Imbibed technology means -✓✓ that the photochromic technology is on the surface of
the lenses, which makes the color density not uniform throughout the lens
• Corning's SunSensors utilizes -✓✓ in-mass technology, which means that the
photochromic crystals are in the matrix of the material which distributes photochromic
molecules throughout the lens, allowing a consistent and effective light response for the
life of the lens
• Factors influencing darkening/lightening of photochromic lenses include
A. Intensity of light
B. Temperature
C. Age of lens
D. All of the above -✓✓ D. All of the above
• UV filtering properties are inherent in which lens?
A. CR-39
B. Polycarbonate
C. Trivex
D. B & C -✓✓ D. B & C
• How much UV is absorbed by a clear crown glass lens? -✓✓ 9%
• How much UV is absorbed by a gray #3 crown glass lens? -✓✓ 82%
• How much UV is absorbed by a clear CR-39 lens? -✓✓ 55%
• How much UV is absorbed by a tinted CR-39 lens? -✓✓ 55%
• At the end of 2005, according to the AR council, what percentage of eyewear in the
USA included in AR coatings? -✓✓ 28.7%
• What are ghost images? -✓✓ Dull duplicate images, caused by internal reflections
• Which patients would benefit from an AR coating?
A. People who drive at night
B. People who are bothered by overhead reflections
DETAILED ANSWER EXPLANATIONS | 2026 UPDATE
• The denser the tint in a lens
A. the greater the transmission of light through the lens
B. the greater internal reflections in the lens
C. the less transmission of light through the lens
D. the fewer internal reflections in the lens -✓✓ C. the less transmission of light through
the lens
• Standard transmissions in sunlenses should range between -✓✓ 15% and 30%
• If a person has exposure to sunlight at least 2 hours or more during the day, -✓✓ their
ability to adapt to night vision is compromised if they don't protect their eyes from the
sun exposure
• A characteristic of dark tinted glass lens with an Rx of +4.00D sphere would be -✓✓
dark in the center and lighter on the edge
• Given a high plus or high minus Rx, which lens material would offer the best choice for
uniform density in a sunlens?
A. Pigmented glass
B. CR-39
C. Trivex
D. B & C -✓✓ D. B & C
• Although this may be the most popular color for sunlenses, it is not recommended for
patients with emerging cataracts -✓✓ Gray
• _ added to any color increases contrast -✓✓ Yellow
• _ is better than _ for improving contrast.
A. Violet/Gray
B. Green/Gray
C. Gray/Green
D. Gray/Violet -✓✓ B. Green/Gray
• Glare is of more concern to which wearer?
A. Red haired patient
B. Computer user
,C. Cataract patient
D. Presbyope -✓✓ C. Cataract patient
• _ are generally inorganic materials (metals or minerals) that are vacuum deposited to
add color on glass lenses to give a uniform density of color on the lenses -✓✓ Vacuum
color coatings
• What company introduced CR-39 lenses? -✓✓ PPG Industries
• What is the index of refraction of polycarbonate? -✓✓ 1.586 or 1.59
• The quality of today's polycarbonate lenses has been improved due to the demand of
what product? -✓✓ Compact discs
• Birefringence is also referred to as _ and can result in distortion reducing the visual
performance to the wearer? -✓✓ Double refraction
• What is the index of refraction of Trivex? -✓✓ 1.53
• Features and benefits of Trivex include _
A. Superior optics
B. Impact resistance
C. Ultra-light weight
D. All of the above -✓✓ D. All of the above
• Visible glare can be dangerous, because it can not only wash out colors, but in some
instances can cause -✓✓ photokeratitis
• Polarized filters are made by stretching thin sheets of _ in one meridian -✓✓ polyvinyl
alcohol
• Two methods for orienting the polarized filters into lenses include -✓✓ laminating and
molded
• As light reaches a polarizing filter, -✓✓ light in only one plane will pass through, having
the other absorbed by the filter, thereby reducing glare
• Polarized lenses were may not be recommended for which visual task? -✓✓ Any
visual task that may include using LCD instrumentation
• Photochromic lenses were introduced by -✓✓ corning in 1964
, • The color change in photochromic lenses occurs as a result of _ that are added to the
molten glass -✓✓ silver halide crystals
• The first successful plastic photochromic lenses were introduced by -✓✓ transitions in
1991
• Imbibed technology means -✓✓ that the photochromic technology is on the surface of
the lenses, which makes the color density not uniform throughout the lens
• Corning's SunSensors utilizes -✓✓ in-mass technology, which means that the
photochromic crystals are in the matrix of the material which distributes photochromic
molecules throughout the lens, allowing a consistent and effective light response for the
life of the lens
• Factors influencing darkening/lightening of photochromic lenses include
A. Intensity of light
B. Temperature
C. Age of lens
D. All of the above -✓✓ D. All of the above
• UV filtering properties are inherent in which lens?
A. CR-39
B. Polycarbonate
C. Trivex
D. B & C -✓✓ D. B & C
• How much UV is absorbed by a clear crown glass lens? -✓✓ 9%
• How much UV is absorbed by a gray #3 crown glass lens? -✓✓ 82%
• How much UV is absorbed by a clear CR-39 lens? -✓✓ 55%
• How much UV is absorbed by a tinted CR-39 lens? -✓✓ 55%
• At the end of 2005, according to the AR council, what percentage of eyewear in the
USA included in AR coatings? -✓✓ 28.7%
• What are ghost images? -✓✓ Dull duplicate images, caused by internal reflections
• Which patients would benefit from an AR coating?
A. People who drive at night
B. People who are bothered by overhead reflections
