___________________________________________________________________
Nursing 354 Evidence-Based Practice
Exam Questions And Correct Answers
(Verified Answers) Plus Rationales 2026
Q&A Instant Download Pdf
___________________________________________________________________
1. What is the primary purpose of evidence-based practice (EBP) in nursing?
A. To replace clinical judgment with research findings
B. To standardize every nursing intervention
C. To integrate best available evidence with clinical expertise and patient
preferences
D. To ensure that only randomized controlled trials guide care
Answer: C. To integrate best available evidence with clinical expertise and
patient preferences
Rationale: Evidence-based practice combines the best available research
evidence, clinician expertise, and patient values and preferences to guide
individualized care.
2. Which component is essential when practicing evidence-based nursing?
A. Clinical expertise
B. Hospital policy only
C. Physician preference
D. Historical nursing traditions
,Answer: A. Clinical expertise
Rationale: Clinical expertise is one of the three major components of EBP, along
with research evidence and patient preferences and values.
3. Which question is best suited for a PICO framework?
A. What are nurses' opinions about shift work?
B. How do hospitals differ in size?
C. What is the history of nursing research?
D. In adults with hypertension, does home blood-pressure monitoring compared
with usual care improve blood-pressure control?
Answer: D. In adults with hypertension, does home blood-pressure monitoring
compared with usual care improve blood-pressure control?
Rationale: This question identifies a population, intervention, comparison, and
outcome, making it appropriate for the PICO framework.
4. In PICO, what does the letter “P” represent?
A. Procedure
B. Population or patient
C. Prediction
D. Publication
Answer: B. Population or patient
Rationale: P identifies the patient, population, or problem being addressed by
the clinical question.
5. In a PICO question, what does the “I” represent?
A. Intervention
B. Investigation
C. Incidence
D. Implementation
Answer: A. Intervention
,Rationale: The intervention is the treatment, exposure, diagnostic strategy, or
nursing action being investigated.
6. What does the “C” in PICO represent?
A. Clinical setting
B. Condition
C. Comparison
D. Conclusion
Answer: C. Comparison
Rationale: The comparison describes the alternative intervention, standard care,
placebo, or absence of intervention against which the intervention is evaluated.
7. What does the “O” in PICO represent?
A. Observation
B. Outcome
C. Organization
D. Objective
Answer: B. Outcome
Rationale: The outcome identifies the measurable result expected from the
intervention.
8. Which source generally provides the strongest evidence for determining the
effectiveness of an intervention?
A. Expert opinion
B. Case report
C. Randomized controlled trial
D. Descriptive study
Answer: C. Randomized controlled trial
Rationale: Randomized controlled trials can reduce selection bias and
confounding through random assignment and are commonly considered strong
evidence for intervention effectiveness.
, 9. What is a systematic review?
A. A single expert's opinion
B. A structured synthesis of research addressing a focused question
C. A description of one patient's experience
D. A hospital quality-improvement report
Answer: B. A structured synthesis of research addressing a focused question
Rationale: Systematic reviews use predefined methods to identify, evaluate, and
synthesize relevant studies addressing a specific research question.
10.What is a meta-analysis?
A. A qualitative interview
B. A literature search strategy
C. A statistical method for combining results from multiple studies
D. A clinical practice guideline
Answer: C. A statistical method for combining results from multiple studies
Rationale: Meta-analysis statistically combines quantitative findings from
comparable studies to estimate an overall effect.
11.Which database is particularly useful for locating nursing and allied-health
literature?
A. CINAHL
B. Weather database
C. Census database
D. Patent database
Answer: A. CINAHL
Rationale: CINAHL is a major database for nursing and allied-health literature
and is frequently used for evidence-based nursing research.
12.What is the main purpose of using keywords and Boolean operators during
a literature search?
Nursing 354 Evidence-Based Practice
Exam Questions And Correct Answers
(Verified Answers) Plus Rationales 2026
Q&A Instant Download Pdf
___________________________________________________________________
1. What is the primary purpose of evidence-based practice (EBP) in nursing?
A. To replace clinical judgment with research findings
B. To standardize every nursing intervention
C. To integrate best available evidence with clinical expertise and patient
preferences
D. To ensure that only randomized controlled trials guide care
Answer: C. To integrate best available evidence with clinical expertise and
patient preferences
Rationale: Evidence-based practice combines the best available research
evidence, clinician expertise, and patient values and preferences to guide
individualized care.
2. Which component is essential when practicing evidence-based nursing?
A. Clinical expertise
B. Hospital policy only
C. Physician preference
D. Historical nursing traditions
,Answer: A. Clinical expertise
Rationale: Clinical expertise is one of the three major components of EBP, along
with research evidence and patient preferences and values.
3. Which question is best suited for a PICO framework?
A. What are nurses' opinions about shift work?
B. How do hospitals differ in size?
C. What is the history of nursing research?
D. In adults with hypertension, does home blood-pressure monitoring compared
with usual care improve blood-pressure control?
Answer: D. In adults with hypertension, does home blood-pressure monitoring
compared with usual care improve blood-pressure control?
Rationale: This question identifies a population, intervention, comparison, and
outcome, making it appropriate for the PICO framework.
4. In PICO, what does the letter “P” represent?
A. Procedure
B. Population or patient
C. Prediction
D. Publication
Answer: B. Population or patient
Rationale: P identifies the patient, population, or problem being addressed by
the clinical question.
5. In a PICO question, what does the “I” represent?
A. Intervention
B. Investigation
C. Incidence
D. Implementation
Answer: A. Intervention
,Rationale: The intervention is the treatment, exposure, diagnostic strategy, or
nursing action being investigated.
6. What does the “C” in PICO represent?
A. Clinical setting
B. Condition
C. Comparison
D. Conclusion
Answer: C. Comparison
Rationale: The comparison describes the alternative intervention, standard care,
placebo, or absence of intervention against which the intervention is evaluated.
7. What does the “O” in PICO represent?
A. Observation
B. Outcome
C. Organization
D. Objective
Answer: B. Outcome
Rationale: The outcome identifies the measurable result expected from the
intervention.
8. Which source generally provides the strongest evidence for determining the
effectiveness of an intervention?
A. Expert opinion
B. Case report
C. Randomized controlled trial
D. Descriptive study
Answer: C. Randomized controlled trial
Rationale: Randomized controlled trials can reduce selection bias and
confounding through random assignment and are commonly considered strong
evidence for intervention effectiveness.
, 9. What is a systematic review?
A. A single expert's opinion
B. A structured synthesis of research addressing a focused question
C. A description of one patient's experience
D. A hospital quality-improvement report
Answer: B. A structured synthesis of research addressing a focused question
Rationale: Systematic reviews use predefined methods to identify, evaluate, and
synthesize relevant studies addressing a specific research question.
10.What is a meta-analysis?
A. A qualitative interview
B. A literature search strategy
C. A statistical method for combining results from multiple studies
D. A clinical practice guideline
Answer: C. A statistical method for combining results from multiple studies
Rationale: Meta-analysis statistically combines quantitative findings from
comparable studies to estimate an overall effect.
11.Which database is particularly useful for locating nursing and allied-health
literature?
A. CINAHL
B. Weather database
C. Census database
D. Patent database
Answer: A. CINAHL
Rationale: CINAHL is a major database for nursing and allied-health literature
and is frequently used for evidence-based nursing research.
12.What is the main purpose of using keywords and Boolean operators during
a literature search?
