ACE YOUR NUR 114 ATI NUTRITION EXAM: COMPLETE STUDY
GUIDE WITH COMPREHENSIVE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
LATEST 2026/2027
◉ Classify this BP: 126/72 Answer: Elevated - SBP elevated & DBP
>80
◉ Classify this BP: 140/90 Answer: Stage II - SBP & DBP both
elevated
◉ Classify this BP: 118/82 Answer: Stage I - DBP is elevated
◉ Classify this BP: 180/88 Answer: Stage II - SBP elevated but >180,
DBP >90
◉ Classify this BP: 132/60 Answer: Stage I - elevated SBP
◉ What is systolic pressure (SBP)? Answer: the maximum pressure
achieved during ventricular contraction (top #)
◉ What is diastolic pressure (DBP)? Answer: lowest level of arterial
pressure when heart is relaxed (bottom #)
◉ What is the mean pressure? Answer: average pressure
throughout the cardiac cycle
,◉ What are risk factors for HTN? Answer: -Age (40+)-Both SDP &
DBP increase with age
-Race- AA PTs have* higher complication rates* (stroke, renal
failure, heart disease).
-Obesity (>30 BMI), sedentary lifestyle
-Renal dz, DM
-Family history HTN
-High fat & cholesterol
-Low K+, Ca & Mg+ - important for heart function
-Sedentary, stress & smoking
-Alcohol intake (excessive)
,◉ Why is HTN so concerning? Answer: Long term excessive
pressure within the vessels can cause weakening of the vessels &
have systemic decreased perfusion
◉ Why is HTN called the silent killer? Answer: Often asymptomatic
until vascular changes occur in heart, brain, eyes, kidneys
◉ What is the difference between primary & secondary HTN?
Answer: Primary (essential): unknown cause, 90% of cases, can be
benign or malignant
Secondary: resulting from another dz (CRD), caused by drug use
(steroids, NSAIDs, decongestants, cocaine), pregnancy (pre
eclampsia)
◉ Explain the nursing physical assessment for symptoms associated
with HTN Answer: Heart attack (MI):
-angina, dyspnea
Heart failure (CHF):
-angina, dyspnea, edema, JVD, poor peripheral pulses
Stroke symptoms:
-confusion, headache, dizziness, blurred vision, numbness/tingling
Renal dz/failure (CKD):
, -nocturia (seen in early stage), edema, cool extremities, poor
peripheral pulses
Ocular changes
-blurred vision, blindness
◉ What is a hypertensive crisis? Answer: A severe increase in blood
pressure that can lead to a stroke. Extremely high blood pressure —
a systolic > or = 180 or a diastolic > or = 120 mm Hg or higher
damages blood vessels. They become inflamed and may leak fluid or
blood. As a result, the heart may not be able to pump blood
effectively.
◉ What are some causes of a hypertensive crisis? Answer:
Noncompliance with medication, renal issues, illicit drug use,
medication side effects, pregnancy
◉ What is the difference between HTN urgency & HTN crisis
emergency? Answer: HTN urgency = no symptoms (may have been
caught at routine visits
HTN emergency = neuro & cardiac symptoms
GUIDE WITH COMPREHENSIVE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
LATEST 2026/2027
◉ Classify this BP: 126/72 Answer: Elevated - SBP elevated & DBP
>80
◉ Classify this BP: 140/90 Answer: Stage II - SBP & DBP both
elevated
◉ Classify this BP: 118/82 Answer: Stage I - DBP is elevated
◉ Classify this BP: 180/88 Answer: Stage II - SBP elevated but >180,
DBP >90
◉ Classify this BP: 132/60 Answer: Stage I - elevated SBP
◉ What is systolic pressure (SBP)? Answer: the maximum pressure
achieved during ventricular contraction (top #)
◉ What is diastolic pressure (DBP)? Answer: lowest level of arterial
pressure when heart is relaxed (bottom #)
◉ What is the mean pressure? Answer: average pressure
throughout the cardiac cycle
,◉ What are risk factors for HTN? Answer: -Age (40+)-Both SDP &
DBP increase with age
-Race- AA PTs have* higher complication rates* (stroke, renal
failure, heart disease).
-Obesity (>30 BMI), sedentary lifestyle
-Renal dz, DM
-Family history HTN
-High fat & cholesterol
-Low K+, Ca & Mg+ - important for heart function
-Sedentary, stress & smoking
-Alcohol intake (excessive)
,◉ Why is HTN so concerning? Answer: Long term excessive
pressure within the vessels can cause weakening of the vessels &
have systemic decreased perfusion
◉ Why is HTN called the silent killer? Answer: Often asymptomatic
until vascular changes occur in heart, brain, eyes, kidneys
◉ What is the difference between primary & secondary HTN?
Answer: Primary (essential): unknown cause, 90% of cases, can be
benign or malignant
Secondary: resulting from another dz (CRD), caused by drug use
(steroids, NSAIDs, decongestants, cocaine), pregnancy (pre
eclampsia)
◉ Explain the nursing physical assessment for symptoms associated
with HTN Answer: Heart attack (MI):
-angina, dyspnea
Heart failure (CHF):
-angina, dyspnea, edema, JVD, poor peripheral pulses
Stroke symptoms:
-confusion, headache, dizziness, blurred vision, numbness/tingling
Renal dz/failure (CKD):
, -nocturia (seen in early stage), edema, cool extremities, poor
peripheral pulses
Ocular changes
-blurred vision, blindness
◉ What is a hypertensive crisis? Answer: A severe increase in blood
pressure that can lead to a stroke. Extremely high blood pressure —
a systolic > or = 180 or a diastolic > or = 120 mm Hg or higher
damages blood vessels. They become inflamed and may leak fluid or
blood. As a result, the heart may not be able to pump blood
effectively.
◉ What are some causes of a hypertensive crisis? Answer:
Noncompliance with medication, renal issues, illicit drug use,
medication side effects, pregnancy
◉ What is the difference between HTN urgency & HTN crisis
emergency? Answer: HTN urgency = no symptoms (may have been
caught at routine visits
HTN emergency = neuro & cardiac symptoms
