WGU C207 DATA DRIVEN DECISION-MAKING OA EXAM-
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS PLUS DETAILED
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PDF 2027-2028
1. A regional manager wants to reduce customer wait times. The manager begins by
defining the performance gap, identifying what information is needed, and determining
which stakeholders are affected. Which stage of data-driven decision making is the
manager primarily performing?
A. Communicating results
B. Framing the problem
C. Implementing the solution
D. Evaluating the final outcome
Answer: B
Framing the problem establishes what decision must be made, what information is needed,
and how the business problem should be investigated before analysis begins.
2. A company collects employee satisfaction scores from an annual survey and combines
them with payroll records to evaluate retention. What is the primary advantage of using
multiple data sources?
A. It eliminates all sampling error
B. It guarantees causal conclusions
C. It provides a broader basis for analysis
D. It removes the need for data validation
Answer: C
Combining relevant sources can provide a more complete view of the issue, although the
resulting data still require validation and appropriate interpretation.
3. A retailer reports that sales increased during the same months that its advertising
expenditures increased. The manager concludes that advertising caused the entire increase.
Which analytical problem is most evident?
A. Confusing correlation with causation
B. Using a population instead of a sample
C. Applying a nominal scale
D. Reducing the sample size
Answer: A
,A relationship between two variables does not by itself establish that one variable caused the
other.
4. A quality analyst repeatedly measures the temperature of a production machine using a
properly calibrated instrument. The measurements vary slightly each time. What type of
error is most likely represented by this variation?
A. Omission error
B. Systematic error
C. Random error
D. Selection bias
Answer: C
Random error produces unpredictable variation between measurements even when the
measurement process is generally appropriate.
5. A survey consistently records customer ages five years higher than their actual ages
because of an incorrectly configured form. What type of error is this?
A. Random error
B. Systematic error
C. Sampling variation
D. Response variability
Answer: B
A consistent directional error caused by the measurement process is systematic error.
6. A manager wants to determine whether a new training program improves employee
productivity. Which approach provides the strongest basis for evaluating the program's
effect?
A. Comparing productivity before and after implementation without controls
B. Asking employees whether they believe productivity improved
C. Comparing an intervention group with an appropriate control group
D. Reviewing only the highest-performing employees
Answer: C
A control group provides a comparison against which changes associated with the
intervention can be evaluated more effectively.
7. A researcher selects every tenth customer from an ordered list after randomly selecting
the first customer. Which sampling method is being used?
,A. Stratified sampling
B. Cluster sampling
C. Convenience sampling
D. Systematic sampling
Answer: D
Systematic sampling selects observations at a predetermined interval after establishing an
appropriate starting point.
8. A company wants its employee survey to represent managers, supervisors, and
nonmanagement employees proportionally. Which sampling method is most appropriate?
A. Stratified sampling
B. Convenience sampling
C. Simple random sampling without grouping
D. Snowball sampling
Answer: A
Stratified sampling divides a population into relevant groups and samples from each group to
improve representation.
9. A researcher asks only volunteers attending a company wellness event to complete a
survey about employee health. What major concern should the researcher identify?
A. The sample may not represent the entire employee population
B. The survey automatically creates a causal relationship
C. The sample must contain only numerical variables
D. The results cannot contain descriptive statistics
Answer: A
Volunteers attending a wellness event may differ systematically from employees who did not
attend, creating potential sampling bias.
10. A company measures customer satisfaction using a five-point scale ranging from "very
dissatisfied" to "very satisfied." Which measurement scale is most appropriate?
A. Nominal
B. Ordinal
C. Interval
D. Ratio
Answer: B
, The categories have a meaningful order, but the distance between adjacent satisfaction levels
cannot necessarily be assumed to be equal.
11. A dataset records employee department as accounting, marketing, operations, or sales.
Which measurement scale applies?
A. Ratio
B. Interval
C. Nominal
D. Ordinal
Answer: C
Department names are categories without an inherent numerical ordering, which makes the
variable nominal.
12. A company records the number of products manufactured by each employee during a
shift. What type of measurement property does this variable possess?
A. Ratio
B. Nominal
C. Ordinal
D. Qualitative only
Answer: A
A count has a meaningful zero and supports meaningful ratio comparisons, making it a ratio-
level variable.
13. A dataset contains monthly revenue values of $80,000, $85,000, $90,000, and $95,000.
Which measure describes the arithmetic average?
A. Median
B. Mode
C. Range
D. Mean
Answer: D
The mean is calculated by summing all observations and dividing by the number of
observations.
14. A manager analyzes employee salaries and discovers one executive salary that is
dramatically higher than the others. Which measure of central tendency would generally
be least affected by that extreme value?
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS PLUS DETAILED
RATIONALES | NEWEST STUDYGUIDE | DOWNLOAD INSTANT
PDF 2027-2028
1. A regional manager wants to reduce customer wait times. The manager begins by
defining the performance gap, identifying what information is needed, and determining
which stakeholders are affected. Which stage of data-driven decision making is the
manager primarily performing?
A. Communicating results
B. Framing the problem
C. Implementing the solution
D. Evaluating the final outcome
Answer: B
Framing the problem establishes what decision must be made, what information is needed,
and how the business problem should be investigated before analysis begins.
2. A company collects employee satisfaction scores from an annual survey and combines
them with payroll records to evaluate retention. What is the primary advantage of using
multiple data sources?
A. It eliminates all sampling error
B. It guarantees causal conclusions
C. It provides a broader basis for analysis
D. It removes the need for data validation
Answer: C
Combining relevant sources can provide a more complete view of the issue, although the
resulting data still require validation and appropriate interpretation.
3. A retailer reports that sales increased during the same months that its advertising
expenditures increased. The manager concludes that advertising caused the entire increase.
Which analytical problem is most evident?
A. Confusing correlation with causation
B. Using a population instead of a sample
C. Applying a nominal scale
D. Reducing the sample size
Answer: A
,A relationship between two variables does not by itself establish that one variable caused the
other.
4. A quality analyst repeatedly measures the temperature of a production machine using a
properly calibrated instrument. The measurements vary slightly each time. What type of
error is most likely represented by this variation?
A. Omission error
B. Systematic error
C. Random error
D. Selection bias
Answer: C
Random error produces unpredictable variation between measurements even when the
measurement process is generally appropriate.
5. A survey consistently records customer ages five years higher than their actual ages
because of an incorrectly configured form. What type of error is this?
A. Random error
B. Systematic error
C. Sampling variation
D. Response variability
Answer: B
A consistent directional error caused by the measurement process is systematic error.
6. A manager wants to determine whether a new training program improves employee
productivity. Which approach provides the strongest basis for evaluating the program's
effect?
A. Comparing productivity before and after implementation without controls
B. Asking employees whether they believe productivity improved
C. Comparing an intervention group with an appropriate control group
D. Reviewing only the highest-performing employees
Answer: C
A control group provides a comparison against which changes associated with the
intervention can be evaluated more effectively.
7. A researcher selects every tenth customer from an ordered list after randomly selecting
the first customer. Which sampling method is being used?
,A. Stratified sampling
B. Cluster sampling
C. Convenience sampling
D. Systematic sampling
Answer: D
Systematic sampling selects observations at a predetermined interval after establishing an
appropriate starting point.
8. A company wants its employee survey to represent managers, supervisors, and
nonmanagement employees proportionally. Which sampling method is most appropriate?
A. Stratified sampling
B. Convenience sampling
C. Simple random sampling without grouping
D. Snowball sampling
Answer: A
Stratified sampling divides a population into relevant groups and samples from each group to
improve representation.
9. A researcher asks only volunteers attending a company wellness event to complete a
survey about employee health. What major concern should the researcher identify?
A. The sample may not represent the entire employee population
B. The survey automatically creates a causal relationship
C. The sample must contain only numerical variables
D. The results cannot contain descriptive statistics
Answer: A
Volunteers attending a wellness event may differ systematically from employees who did not
attend, creating potential sampling bias.
10. A company measures customer satisfaction using a five-point scale ranging from "very
dissatisfied" to "very satisfied." Which measurement scale is most appropriate?
A. Nominal
B. Ordinal
C. Interval
D. Ratio
Answer: B
, The categories have a meaningful order, but the distance between adjacent satisfaction levels
cannot necessarily be assumed to be equal.
11. A dataset records employee department as accounting, marketing, operations, or sales.
Which measurement scale applies?
A. Ratio
B. Interval
C. Nominal
D. Ordinal
Answer: C
Department names are categories without an inherent numerical ordering, which makes the
variable nominal.
12. A company records the number of products manufactured by each employee during a
shift. What type of measurement property does this variable possess?
A. Ratio
B. Nominal
C. Ordinal
D. Qualitative only
Answer: A
A count has a meaningful zero and supports meaningful ratio comparisons, making it a ratio-
level variable.
13. A dataset contains monthly revenue values of $80,000, $85,000, $90,000, and $95,000.
Which measure describes the arithmetic average?
A. Median
B. Mode
C. Range
D. Mean
Answer: D
The mean is calculated by summing all observations and dividing by the number of
observations.
14. A manager analyzes employee salaries and discovers one executive salary that is
dramatically higher than the others. Which measure of central tendency would generally
be least affected by that extreme value?
