Chemistry unit 1 notes
O Dalton: a ball of mass (proton)
O Thompson (plum pudding model): cookie, electron chocolate chips surrounded by protons
O Rutherford (planetary model ) : good fail experiment, small center where protons stay
◦if following Thompson, all electrons would pass, but some were deflected
O Bohr: electrons have specific rings with energies and sizes associated with them
◦Electrons are able to jump between different energy levels when excited
Successes
◦Lower energy levels must be filled first
◦Electrons orbit the nucleus (protons)
◦Electrons exist in discrete shells
Failures
◦Hard to draw past 20 elements
◦Does not work for more than I electron from
◦Electrons don't actually or bit the nucleus
-
Schrödinger: a particle can be in 2 states at once until observed (cat)
Emission spectrum: atoms of each element emit light of particular wavelengths (when electrons are excited)
◦Each element is different because they have different electron configurations
‣ They absorb and release different amounts of energy and wavelengths when they transition to different energy levels,
causing different emission spectrums
Wave function; mathematical probability of an election being in a region of space.
Heisenberg uncertainty principal: you cannot determine accurately the position and direction of an particle in an instant
Pauli exclusion principal: no 2 elections can be in the same quantum state
Aufbau principal: orbitals must filled before moving to next highest orbital
Hund's principal : electrons must be placed in each orbital first before doubling up
Max amount of electrons =
.
O Dalton: a ball of mass (proton)
O Thompson (plum pudding model): cookie, electron chocolate chips surrounded by protons
O Rutherford (planetary model ) : good fail experiment, small center where protons stay
◦if following Thompson, all electrons would pass, but some were deflected
O Bohr: electrons have specific rings with energies and sizes associated with them
◦Electrons are able to jump between different energy levels when excited
Successes
◦Lower energy levels must be filled first
◦Electrons orbit the nucleus (protons)
◦Electrons exist in discrete shells
Failures
◦Hard to draw past 20 elements
◦Does not work for more than I electron from
◦Electrons don't actually or bit the nucleus
-
Schrödinger: a particle can be in 2 states at once until observed (cat)
Emission spectrum: atoms of each element emit light of particular wavelengths (when electrons are excited)
◦Each element is different because they have different electron configurations
‣ They absorb and release different amounts of energy and wavelengths when they transition to different energy levels,
causing different emission spectrums
Wave function; mathematical probability of an election being in a region of space.
Heisenberg uncertainty principal: you cannot determine accurately the position and direction of an particle in an instant
Pauli exclusion principal: no 2 elections can be in the same quantum state
Aufbau principal: orbitals must filled before moving to next highest orbital
Hund's principal : electrons must be placed in each orbital first before doubling up
Max amount of electrons =
.
