PEN3707
ASSIGNMENT 2 SEMESTER 2 2026
UNIQUE NO.
DUE DATE: 4 SEPTEMBER 2026
,QUESTION 1: REFERENCING AND PLAGIARISM
1.1 Illustrate how you would in-text reference the study guide. (3)
When I use information from the PEN3707 study guide in an assignment, I must
indicate where that information comes from. Using the Harvard referencing method, I
would normally include the surname of the author and the year of publication.
For example, when I paraphrase information from the study guide, I could write:
Planning involves determining an organisation’s present situation, identifying the
desired future position and deciding on the actions required to achieve its objectives
(Clack & Jonker, 2016).
I can also introduce the source as part of my sentence:
Clack and Jonker (2016) describe planning as a process that involves understanding an
organisation’s current position, determining its intended direction and identifying the
steps needed to reach its objectives.
When I reproduce the author’s exact words, I would use quotation marks and include
the relevant page number. For example:
“Planning is a thinking process as well as a doing process” (Clack & Jonker, 2016:2).
Thus, the in-text reference will differ depending on whether I am paraphrasing the
source or using a direct quotation.
, 1.2 Illustrate how you would reference the study guide in the bibliography. (4)
The study guide would be included in the bibliography in the following form:
Clack, W.J. & Jonker, J.M. 2016. Correctional management principles: Only study guide
for PEN3707. Pretoria: University of South Africa.
This entry provides the important bibliographic details needed to identify the study
guide, including the authors, year of publication, title, place of publication and publisher.
1.3 How will you avoid plagiarism when completing this assignment? (4)
I will prevent plagiarism by clearly acknowledging any material that I obtain from other
authors or sources. I understand that using another person’s words, ideas or arguments
without giving appropriate credit can constitute plagiarism.
First, I will read and understand the material before expressing the relevant ideas in my
own words. I will avoid simply replacing a few words in the original passage while
keeping its sentence structure. Where an idea comes from another author, I will still
provide an in-text citation even when I have paraphrased it.
Second, whenever I need to use an author’s exact wording, I will identify it as a direct
quotation by using quotation marks and providing the author’s surname, publication
year and page number.
Third, I will keep an accurate bibliography throughout the research and writing process.
The sources cited in my assignment will correspond with the sources listed in the
bibliography. I will also ensure that I do not include sources that I have not actually
used.
ASSIGNMENT 2 SEMESTER 2 2026
UNIQUE NO.
DUE DATE: 4 SEPTEMBER 2026
,QUESTION 1: REFERENCING AND PLAGIARISM
1.1 Illustrate how you would in-text reference the study guide. (3)
When I use information from the PEN3707 study guide in an assignment, I must
indicate where that information comes from. Using the Harvard referencing method, I
would normally include the surname of the author and the year of publication.
For example, when I paraphrase information from the study guide, I could write:
Planning involves determining an organisation’s present situation, identifying the
desired future position and deciding on the actions required to achieve its objectives
(Clack & Jonker, 2016).
I can also introduce the source as part of my sentence:
Clack and Jonker (2016) describe planning as a process that involves understanding an
organisation’s current position, determining its intended direction and identifying the
steps needed to reach its objectives.
When I reproduce the author’s exact words, I would use quotation marks and include
the relevant page number. For example:
“Planning is a thinking process as well as a doing process” (Clack & Jonker, 2016:2).
Thus, the in-text reference will differ depending on whether I am paraphrasing the
source or using a direct quotation.
, 1.2 Illustrate how you would reference the study guide in the bibliography. (4)
The study guide would be included in the bibliography in the following form:
Clack, W.J. & Jonker, J.M. 2016. Correctional management principles: Only study guide
for PEN3707. Pretoria: University of South Africa.
This entry provides the important bibliographic details needed to identify the study
guide, including the authors, year of publication, title, place of publication and publisher.
1.3 How will you avoid plagiarism when completing this assignment? (4)
I will prevent plagiarism by clearly acknowledging any material that I obtain from other
authors or sources. I understand that using another person’s words, ideas or arguments
without giving appropriate credit can constitute plagiarism.
First, I will read and understand the material before expressing the relevant ideas in my
own words. I will avoid simply replacing a few words in the original passage while
keeping its sentence structure. Where an idea comes from another author, I will still
provide an in-text citation even when I have paraphrased it.
Second, whenever I need to use an author’s exact wording, I will identify it as a direct
quotation by using quotation marks and providing the author’s surname, publication
year and page number.
Third, I will keep an accurate bibliography throughout the research and writing process.
The sources cited in my assignment will correspond with the sources listed in the
bibliography. I will also ensure that I do not include sources that I have not actually
used.
