WASHINGTON STATE LAND SURVEYOR
LAW & ETHICS EXAM STUDY GUIDE
2026/2027 ACCURATE QUESTIONS WITH
CORRECT DETAILED SOLUTIONS ||
100% GUARANTEED PASS
<NEWEST VERSION>
1. Principal meridians - ANSWER ✔ The main imaginary lines running north
and south, which cross a baseline at a definite point, used by surveyors for
reference in locating and describing land under the rectangular government
survey system.
2. Washington principal meridians - ANSWER ✔ A major, precisely
surveyed north-south reference line used in the Public Land Survey System
(PLSS) to establish a grid of townships and ranges in Washington.
3. Ranges - ANSWER ✔ A strip of land six miles wide extending north and
south and numbered east and west according to its distance from the
principal meridian in the rectangular government survey system.
4. Washington ranges - ANSWER ✔ A strip of land exactly 6 miles wide
running north and south, used in the Public Land Survey System (PLSS) to
locate property boundaries and legal descriptions in Washington.
5. Rectangular (government) survey system - ANSWER ✔ A system
established in 1785 by the federal government providing for the surveying
and describing of land by reference to principal meridians and base lines.
6. Washington rectangular government survey system - ANSWER ✔ A
standardized method of identifying and legally describing land using a grid
of intersecting lines, referenced from the Willamette Meridian in
Washington State.
,7. Sections - ANSWER ✔ A portion of a township under the rectangular
government survey system, divided into 36 sections numbered 1 through 36,
each measuring one square mile or 640 acres.
8. Washington national do-not-call registry - ANSWER ✔ A regulation that
prohibits real estate agents from cold calling or sending unsolicited
commercial texts to individuals whose numbers are registered.
9. Price-fixing - ANSWER ✔ An illegal conspiracy or agreement among
competing brokers, agents, or agencies to set standard commission rates,
fees, or pricing terms.
10.Washington price-fixing - ANSWER ✔ An illegal agreement among
competing brokers or agents to set, raise, lower, or stabilize commission
rates, fees, or listing terms.
11.Procuring cause - ANSWER ✔ The effort that brings about the desired
result, determining which real estate agent is entitled to a commission.
12.Washington procuring cause - ANSWER ✔ The legal doctrine identifying
the real estate agent responsible for a property sale and entitled to the
commission.
13.Ready, willing, and able buyer - ANSWER ✔ A person who is prepared to
buy property on the seller's terms and is ready to take positive steps to
consummate the transaction.
14.Washington ready, willing, and able buyer - ANSWER ✔ A prospective
purchaser who has the sincere intent to buy, is fully prepared to move
forward immediately, and possesses verified finances to close the deal.
15.Uniform Electronic Transactions Act (UETA) - ANSWER ✔ A law that
gives electronic signatures and digital records the same legal validity and
enforceability as traditional handwritten signatures and paper documents.
16.Washington Uniform Electronic Transactions Act (UETA) - ANSWER ✔
Establishes that electronic records and digital signatures have the same legal
, validity and enforceability as traditional paper contracts and wet-ink
signatures.
17.Agency - ANSWER ✔ The fiduciary relationship between a principal and
an agent, where the agent is authorized to represent the principal in
transactions.
18.Washington agency - ANSWER ✔ A legal bond created when a buyer or
seller hires a licensed real estate firm to act on their behalf.
19.Agent - ANSWER ✔ The individual authorized to represent the interest of
another person in dealing with a third person.
20.Washington agent - ANSWER ✔ A legally recognized licensed real estate
broker who has entered into an agency relationship to perform brokerage
services.
21.Buyer representation agreement - ANSWER ✔ A principal-agent
relationship in which the real estate professional acts on behalf of the buyer,
creating an express agency relationship.
22.Washington buyer representation agreement - ANSWER ✔ A legally
binding contract between a homebuyer and a real estate brokerage.
23.Buyer's agent - ANSWER ✔ A licensed real estate professional who
represents the buyer's interests throughout the home-buying process.
24.Washington buyer's agent - ANSWER ✔ A licensed real estate broker who
has an exclusive legal agency relationship with the buyer only.
25.Client - ANSWER ✔ The principal in an agency relationship or other form
of representation.
26.Washington client - ANSWER ✔ A buyer, seller, tenant, or landlord who
has signed a written service agreement with a real estate firm.
27.Customer - ANSWER ✔ The third party or nonrepresented consumer for
whom some level of service is provided.
, 28.Washington customer - ANSWER ✔ In Washington State, real estate is
defined legally as the land itself, plus all buildings, permanent structures,
and fixtures attached to it.
29.Compensation - ANSWER ✔ The source of the agent's compensation
involves a gratuitous agency.
30.Designated agency - ANSWER ✔ A process that accommodates an in-
house sale in which two different agents are involved.
31.Washington designated agency - ANSWER ✔ A structure in which a real
estate brokerage firm assigns one broker to exclusively represent the buyer
and another to represent the seller.
32.Designated agent - ANSWER ✔ A real estate professional authorized by a
broker to act as the agent for a specific principal in a particular transaction.
33.Washington designated agent - ANSWER ✔ A broker appointed by their
firm's managing broker to represent a specific buyer or seller in a
transaction.
34.Termination of the agency - ANSWER ✔ May be accomplished by the
completion, performance, or fulfillment of the purpose of the agency.
35.Dual agency - ANSWER ✔ Representing both parties to a transaction.
36.Washington dual agency - ANSWER ✔ Occurs when a single real estate
broker, or two brokers from the same brokerage firm, represent both the
buyer and the seller.
37.Express agency - ANSWER ✔ An agency relationship based on a formal
agreement between the parties.
38.Washington Express Agency - ANSWER ✔ A formal relationship
explicitly created by a written or verbal agreement between a principal and a
real estate agent.
LAW & ETHICS EXAM STUDY GUIDE
2026/2027 ACCURATE QUESTIONS WITH
CORRECT DETAILED SOLUTIONS ||
100% GUARANTEED PASS
<NEWEST VERSION>
1. Principal meridians - ANSWER ✔ The main imaginary lines running north
and south, which cross a baseline at a definite point, used by surveyors for
reference in locating and describing land under the rectangular government
survey system.
2. Washington principal meridians - ANSWER ✔ A major, precisely
surveyed north-south reference line used in the Public Land Survey System
(PLSS) to establish a grid of townships and ranges in Washington.
3. Ranges - ANSWER ✔ A strip of land six miles wide extending north and
south and numbered east and west according to its distance from the
principal meridian in the rectangular government survey system.
4. Washington ranges - ANSWER ✔ A strip of land exactly 6 miles wide
running north and south, used in the Public Land Survey System (PLSS) to
locate property boundaries and legal descriptions in Washington.
5. Rectangular (government) survey system - ANSWER ✔ A system
established in 1785 by the federal government providing for the surveying
and describing of land by reference to principal meridians and base lines.
6. Washington rectangular government survey system - ANSWER ✔ A
standardized method of identifying and legally describing land using a grid
of intersecting lines, referenced from the Willamette Meridian in
Washington State.
,7. Sections - ANSWER ✔ A portion of a township under the rectangular
government survey system, divided into 36 sections numbered 1 through 36,
each measuring one square mile or 640 acres.
8. Washington national do-not-call registry - ANSWER ✔ A regulation that
prohibits real estate agents from cold calling or sending unsolicited
commercial texts to individuals whose numbers are registered.
9. Price-fixing - ANSWER ✔ An illegal conspiracy or agreement among
competing brokers, agents, or agencies to set standard commission rates,
fees, or pricing terms.
10.Washington price-fixing - ANSWER ✔ An illegal agreement among
competing brokers or agents to set, raise, lower, or stabilize commission
rates, fees, or listing terms.
11.Procuring cause - ANSWER ✔ The effort that brings about the desired
result, determining which real estate agent is entitled to a commission.
12.Washington procuring cause - ANSWER ✔ The legal doctrine identifying
the real estate agent responsible for a property sale and entitled to the
commission.
13.Ready, willing, and able buyer - ANSWER ✔ A person who is prepared to
buy property on the seller's terms and is ready to take positive steps to
consummate the transaction.
14.Washington ready, willing, and able buyer - ANSWER ✔ A prospective
purchaser who has the sincere intent to buy, is fully prepared to move
forward immediately, and possesses verified finances to close the deal.
15.Uniform Electronic Transactions Act (UETA) - ANSWER ✔ A law that
gives electronic signatures and digital records the same legal validity and
enforceability as traditional handwritten signatures and paper documents.
16.Washington Uniform Electronic Transactions Act (UETA) - ANSWER ✔
Establishes that electronic records and digital signatures have the same legal
, validity and enforceability as traditional paper contracts and wet-ink
signatures.
17.Agency - ANSWER ✔ The fiduciary relationship between a principal and
an agent, where the agent is authorized to represent the principal in
transactions.
18.Washington agency - ANSWER ✔ A legal bond created when a buyer or
seller hires a licensed real estate firm to act on their behalf.
19.Agent - ANSWER ✔ The individual authorized to represent the interest of
another person in dealing with a third person.
20.Washington agent - ANSWER ✔ A legally recognized licensed real estate
broker who has entered into an agency relationship to perform brokerage
services.
21.Buyer representation agreement - ANSWER ✔ A principal-agent
relationship in which the real estate professional acts on behalf of the buyer,
creating an express agency relationship.
22.Washington buyer representation agreement - ANSWER ✔ A legally
binding contract between a homebuyer and a real estate brokerage.
23.Buyer's agent - ANSWER ✔ A licensed real estate professional who
represents the buyer's interests throughout the home-buying process.
24.Washington buyer's agent - ANSWER ✔ A licensed real estate broker who
has an exclusive legal agency relationship with the buyer only.
25.Client - ANSWER ✔ The principal in an agency relationship or other form
of representation.
26.Washington client - ANSWER ✔ A buyer, seller, tenant, or landlord who
has signed a written service agreement with a real estate firm.
27.Customer - ANSWER ✔ The third party or nonrepresented consumer for
whom some level of service is provided.
, 28.Washington customer - ANSWER ✔ In Washington State, real estate is
defined legally as the land itself, plus all buildings, permanent structures,
and fixtures attached to it.
29.Compensation - ANSWER ✔ The source of the agent's compensation
involves a gratuitous agency.
30.Designated agency - ANSWER ✔ A process that accommodates an in-
house sale in which two different agents are involved.
31.Washington designated agency - ANSWER ✔ A structure in which a real
estate brokerage firm assigns one broker to exclusively represent the buyer
and another to represent the seller.
32.Designated agent - ANSWER ✔ A real estate professional authorized by a
broker to act as the agent for a specific principal in a particular transaction.
33.Washington designated agent - ANSWER ✔ A broker appointed by their
firm's managing broker to represent a specific buyer or seller in a
transaction.
34.Termination of the agency - ANSWER ✔ May be accomplished by the
completion, performance, or fulfillment of the purpose of the agency.
35.Dual agency - ANSWER ✔ Representing both parties to a transaction.
36.Washington dual agency - ANSWER ✔ Occurs when a single real estate
broker, or two brokers from the same brokerage firm, represent both the
buyer and the seller.
37.Express agency - ANSWER ✔ An agency relationship based on a formal
agreement between the parties.
38.Washington Express Agency - ANSWER ✔ A formal relationship
explicitly created by a written or verbal agreement between a principal and a
real estate agent.
