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________ is a condition associated with vitamin D deficiency in adults that is characterized by
softening of the bones.
Osteomalacia
Excessive vitamin D intakes can result in ________.
deposition of calcium in soft tissues
Which of the following substances is a fat-soluble vitamin that has antioxidant activity?
E
Choline is an example of a ________.
vitamin-like substance
Why is taking excess amounts of fat-soluble vitamins more likely to cause toxicity than taking
excesses of water-soluble vitamins?
In general, excesses of fat-soluble vitamins cannot be excreted as easily as water-soluble
vitamins.
To conserve the vitamin content of foods, ________.
stir-fry instead of boil
Adding a small amount of ________ to cooked vegetables can enhance the intestinal tract's
ability to absorb the fat-soluble vitamins they contain.
olive oil
Jameela is an Iranian woman living in poverty. She is not seen in public places without being
covered almost completely in heavy veils. Her usual diet is comprised of legumes, small
amounts of yogurt, whole-grain breads and rice, fruits, and a few vegetables. Based on this
information, Jameela is most at risk of ________.
osteomalacia
Paulette takes a supplement containing 10 μg of vitamin D. This is equivalent to ________ IU
of vitamin D.
400
, ________ are fat-soluble vitamins.
Vitamins K, D, and A
Gregg's BMI is 34.2. Based on this information, his weight is in the ________ range.
obese class I
Darlene is a 5′ 2′′, 23-year-old woman who weighs almost 250 pounds. To lose weight, she's
tried calorie-restricted diets, fad diets, exercise programs, and appetite-suppressing pills
without success. She would like to try a surgical weight-loss method that reduces the size of
her stomach without the use of staples and is reversible. Her physician is likely to recommend
________.
adjustable gastric banding
Miranda is physically fit. She has _______.
the strength, endurance, and flexibility to meet the demands of daily living
Human cells release most of the energy stored in carbohydrates, fats, and amino acids as
_______.
heat
During glycolysis, the body _______.
breaks down one glucose molecule to form two pyruvate molecules
To obtain energy under aerobic conditions, cells need _______.
oxygen
Aerobic activities _______.
involve sustained, rhythmic contractions of certain large skeletal muscles
Caffeine _______.
is the most widely used ergogenic aid in the world
Amy is studying quietly. Under these conditions, her muscles are using primarily _______ for
energy.
fat
Carbohydrate loading _______.
involves manipulating dietary patterns and physical activities prior to an endurance event.