1. appellant - ANS☑☑---The party who takes an appeal from one court to
another.
2. appellee - ANS☑☑---The party against whom an appeal is taken—that is, the
party who opposes setting aside or reversing the judgment.
3. Bill of Rights - ANS☑☑---The first ten amendments to the U.S. Constitution.
4. binding authority - ANS☑☑---Any source of law that a court must follow
when deciding a case.
5. breaches - ANS☑☑---To violate a law, by an act or an omission, or to break a
legal obligation that one owes to another person or to society.
6. business ethics - ANS☑☑---Ethics in a business context; a consensus of
what constitutes right or wrong behavior in the world of business and the
application of moral principles to situations that arise in a business setting.
7. case law - ANS☑☑---The rules of law announced in court decisions. Case
law interprets statutes, regulations, constitutional provisions, and other case
law.
8. 14th Amendment - ANS☑☑---passed in 1868 after the Civil War, provides, in
part, that "[n]o State shall . . . deprive any person of life, liberty, or property,
without due process of law."
,9. action at law - ANS☑☑---File a complaint, jury or judge, judgement,
monetary damages or property
10. action in equity - ANS☑☑---File a petition, judge, decree, injunction, specific
performance, or rescission
11. administrative agency - ANS☑☑---A federal or state government agency
created by the legislature to perform a specific function, such as to make and
enforce rules pertaining to the environment.
12. categorical imperative - ANS☑☑---A concept developed by the philosopher
Immanuel Kant as an ethical guideline for behavior. In deciding whether an
action is right or wrong, or desirable or undesirable, a person should evaluate
the action in terms of what would happen if everybody else in the same
situation, or category, acted the same way.
13. checks and balances - ANS☑☑---The system by which each of the three
branches of the U.S. national government (executive, legislative, and judicial)
exercises checks on the powers of the other branches.
14. Civil law - ANS☑☑---The branch of law dealing with the definition and
enforcement of all private or public rights, as opposed to criminal matters.
15. commerce clause - ANS☑☑---The provision in Article I, Section 8, of the U.S.
Constitution that gives Congress the power to regulate interstate commerce.
16. common law - ANS☑☑---a body of general rules that applied throughout the
entire English realm
17. compelling government interest - ANS☑☑---A test of constitutionality that
requires the government to have compelling reasons for passing any law that
, restricts fundamental rights, such as free speech, or distinguishes between
people based on a suspect trait.
18. concurring opinion - ANS☑☑---A court opinion by one or more judges or
justices who agree with the majority but want to make or emphasize a point that
was not made or emphasized in the majority's opinion.
19. Constitutional law - ANS☑☑---Law that is based on the U.S. Constitution and
the constitutions of the various states.
20. Corporate social responsibility (CSR) - ANS☑☑---The concept that
corporations can and should act ethically and be accountable to society for their
actions.
21. cost-benefit analysis - ANS☑☑---A decision-making technique that involves
weighing the costs of a given action against the benefits of the action.
22. courts of equity - ANS☑☑---A court that decides controversies and
administers justice according to the rules, principles, and precedents of equity.
23. courts of law - ANS☑☑---A court in which the only remedies that can be
granted are things of value, such as money damages. In the early English king's
courts, courts of law were distinct from courts of equity.
24. Criminal law - ANS☑☑---The branch of law that defines and punishes
wrongful actions committed against the public.
25. cyberlaw - ANS☑☑---An informal term used to refer to all laws governing
electronic communications and transactions, particularly those conducted via
the Internet.
, 26. damages - ANS☑☑---A monetary award sought as a remedy for a breach of
contract or a tortious act.
27. defendant - ANS☑☑---One against whom a lawsuit is brought, or the
accused person in a criminal proceeding.
28. defense - ANS☑☑---Reasons that a defendant offers in an action or suit as
to why the plaintiff should not obtain what he or she is seeking.
29. dissenting opinion - ANS☑☑---A court opinion that presents the views of one
or more judges or justices who disagree with the majority's decision.
30. due process clause - ANS☑☑---The provisions of the Fifth and Fourteenth
Amendments to the U.S. Constitution that guarantee that no person shall be
deprived of life, liberty, or property without due process of law. Similar clauses
are found in most state constitutions.
31. Duty-based ethics - ANS☑☑---An ethical philosophy rooted in the idea that
every person has certain duties to others, including both humans and the planet.
Those duties may be derived from religious principles or from other
philosophical reasoning.
32. Eighth Amendment - ANS☑☑---Prohibits excessive bail and fines, as well as
cruel and unusual punishment.
33. Electronic Communications Privacy Act (1986) - ANS☑☑---Prohibits the
interception of information communicated by electronic means.
34. equal protection clause - ANS☑☑---The provision in the Fourteenth
Amendment to the U.S. Constitution that guarantees that no state will "deny to
any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws." This clause
another.
2. appellee - ANS☑☑---The party against whom an appeal is taken—that is, the
party who opposes setting aside or reversing the judgment.
3. Bill of Rights - ANS☑☑---The first ten amendments to the U.S. Constitution.
4. binding authority - ANS☑☑---Any source of law that a court must follow
when deciding a case.
5. breaches - ANS☑☑---To violate a law, by an act or an omission, or to break a
legal obligation that one owes to another person or to society.
6. business ethics - ANS☑☑---Ethics in a business context; a consensus of
what constitutes right or wrong behavior in the world of business and the
application of moral principles to situations that arise in a business setting.
7. case law - ANS☑☑---The rules of law announced in court decisions. Case
law interprets statutes, regulations, constitutional provisions, and other case
law.
8. 14th Amendment - ANS☑☑---passed in 1868 after the Civil War, provides, in
part, that "[n]o State shall . . . deprive any person of life, liberty, or property,
without due process of law."
,9. action at law - ANS☑☑---File a complaint, jury or judge, judgement,
monetary damages or property
10. action in equity - ANS☑☑---File a petition, judge, decree, injunction, specific
performance, or rescission
11. administrative agency - ANS☑☑---A federal or state government agency
created by the legislature to perform a specific function, such as to make and
enforce rules pertaining to the environment.
12. categorical imperative - ANS☑☑---A concept developed by the philosopher
Immanuel Kant as an ethical guideline for behavior. In deciding whether an
action is right or wrong, or desirable or undesirable, a person should evaluate
the action in terms of what would happen if everybody else in the same
situation, or category, acted the same way.
13. checks and balances - ANS☑☑---The system by which each of the three
branches of the U.S. national government (executive, legislative, and judicial)
exercises checks on the powers of the other branches.
14. Civil law - ANS☑☑---The branch of law dealing with the definition and
enforcement of all private or public rights, as opposed to criminal matters.
15. commerce clause - ANS☑☑---The provision in Article I, Section 8, of the U.S.
Constitution that gives Congress the power to regulate interstate commerce.
16. common law - ANS☑☑---a body of general rules that applied throughout the
entire English realm
17. compelling government interest - ANS☑☑---A test of constitutionality that
requires the government to have compelling reasons for passing any law that
, restricts fundamental rights, such as free speech, or distinguishes between
people based on a suspect trait.
18. concurring opinion - ANS☑☑---A court opinion by one or more judges or
justices who agree with the majority but want to make or emphasize a point that
was not made or emphasized in the majority's opinion.
19. Constitutional law - ANS☑☑---Law that is based on the U.S. Constitution and
the constitutions of the various states.
20. Corporate social responsibility (CSR) - ANS☑☑---The concept that
corporations can and should act ethically and be accountable to society for their
actions.
21. cost-benefit analysis - ANS☑☑---A decision-making technique that involves
weighing the costs of a given action against the benefits of the action.
22. courts of equity - ANS☑☑---A court that decides controversies and
administers justice according to the rules, principles, and precedents of equity.
23. courts of law - ANS☑☑---A court in which the only remedies that can be
granted are things of value, such as money damages. In the early English king's
courts, courts of law were distinct from courts of equity.
24. Criminal law - ANS☑☑---The branch of law that defines and punishes
wrongful actions committed against the public.
25. cyberlaw - ANS☑☑---An informal term used to refer to all laws governing
electronic communications and transactions, particularly those conducted via
the Internet.
, 26. damages - ANS☑☑---A monetary award sought as a remedy for a breach of
contract or a tortious act.
27. defendant - ANS☑☑---One against whom a lawsuit is brought, or the
accused person in a criminal proceeding.
28. defense - ANS☑☑---Reasons that a defendant offers in an action or suit as
to why the plaintiff should not obtain what he or she is seeking.
29. dissenting opinion - ANS☑☑---A court opinion that presents the views of one
or more judges or justices who disagree with the majority's decision.
30. due process clause - ANS☑☑---The provisions of the Fifth and Fourteenth
Amendments to the U.S. Constitution that guarantee that no person shall be
deprived of life, liberty, or property without due process of law. Similar clauses
are found in most state constitutions.
31. Duty-based ethics - ANS☑☑---An ethical philosophy rooted in the idea that
every person has certain duties to others, including both humans and the planet.
Those duties may be derived from religious principles or from other
philosophical reasoning.
32. Eighth Amendment - ANS☑☑---Prohibits excessive bail and fines, as well as
cruel and unusual punishment.
33. Electronic Communications Privacy Act (1986) - ANS☑☑---Prohibits the
interception of information communicated by electronic means.
34. equal protection clause - ANS☑☑---The provision in the Fourteenth
Amendment to the U.S. Constitution that guarantees that no state will "deny to
any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws." This clause
