A T I N U R S I N G E D U C A T I O N · A D VA N C E D M E D - S U R G
Advanced Med-Surg Proctored
ATI Review
Practice Question Bank
Comprehensive Review with 81 Questions, Answers & Rationales
ATI Advanced Med-Surg — Pulmonary, Cardiovascular, Pharmacology &
Emergency Care
Edition 1 · August 2026
,Table of Contents
1. Instructions for Use 2
2. Practice Questions with Answers & Rationales 2
ATI · Advanced Med-Surg Page 1
,ADVANCED MED-SURG PROCTORED ATI REVIEW GUIDE PULMONARY, CARDIOVASCULAR & PHARMACOLOGY
How to Use This Guide
Read each stem, choose your answer, then check the rationale below. The correct option is marked, and each wrong option
is explained. This guide contains 81 questions covering the full scope of the Advanced Med-Surg Proctored ATI Review.
Category: Advanced Med-Surg Proctored ATI Review
1 Arterial Blood Gas (ABG) sampling allows the most accurate method of assessing respiratory function. How
are ABG samples typically obtained?
A Via arterial puncture or arterial line
B Via venipuncture
C Via capillary stick
D Via fingerstick
Why A is correct: ABG's are obtained via arterial puncture or arterial line, which provides the most accurate method of
assessing respiratory function.
B — Venipuncture provides venous blood gases, not arterial.
C — Capillary sticks are not used for ABG analysis.
D — Fingersticks are used for blood glucose, not ABGs.
2 What is the correct order of steps for collecting an ABG sample?
A Perform Allen test, draw into heparinized syringe, keep on ice, document oxygen delivery, apply pressure for 5
minutes
B Draw into heparinized syringe, perform Allen test, keep on ice
C Apply pressure, draw sample, keep on ice
D Draw sample, perform Allen test, apply pressure
Why A is correct: The steps for ABG collection are: perform Allen test (if no arterial line), draw into heparinized
syringe, keep on ice, document oxygen delivery, apply pressure for 5 minutes (longer for bleeding risk).
B — Allen test should be performed before drawing.
C — Allen test should be performed first.
D — The order is incorrect.
, 3 A bronchoscopy is used to:
A Visualize the larynx, trachea, and bronchi; obtain tissue biopsy; and remove foreign bodies
B Assess lung volumes
C Measure arterial blood gases
D Perform pulmonary function testing
Why A is correct: Bronchoscopy visualizes the larynx, trachea, bronchi; obtains tissue biopsy; and removes foreign
bodies.
B — Lung volumes are assessed with PFTs.
C — ABG's assess arterial blood gases.
D — PFTs are separate tests.
4 Prior to a bronchoscopy, the patient should be NPO for:
A 8 to 12 hours
B 4 to 6 hours
C 12 to 24 hours
D 2 to 4 hours
Why A is correct: For a bronchoscopy, the patient should be NPO for 8 to 12 hours prior to the procedure.
B — 4-6 hours is for other procedures.
C — 12-24 hours is not the standard.
D — 2-4 hours is not sufficient.
5 A Mantoux test is considered positive for tuberculosis exposure if induration is:
A 10 mm or greater
B 5 mm or greater
C 15 mm or greater
D 2 mm or greater
Why A is correct: Induration of 10 mm or greater is considered a positive Mantoux test. 5 mm may be significant if the
patient is immunocompromised.
B — 5 mm is only significant in immunocompromised patients.
C — 15 mm is also positive but the standard is 10 mm.
D — 2 mm is not significant.
Advanced Med-Surg Proctored
ATI Review
Practice Question Bank
Comprehensive Review with 81 Questions, Answers & Rationales
ATI Advanced Med-Surg — Pulmonary, Cardiovascular, Pharmacology &
Emergency Care
Edition 1 · August 2026
,Table of Contents
1. Instructions for Use 2
2. Practice Questions with Answers & Rationales 2
ATI · Advanced Med-Surg Page 1
,ADVANCED MED-SURG PROCTORED ATI REVIEW GUIDE PULMONARY, CARDIOVASCULAR & PHARMACOLOGY
How to Use This Guide
Read each stem, choose your answer, then check the rationale below. The correct option is marked, and each wrong option
is explained. This guide contains 81 questions covering the full scope of the Advanced Med-Surg Proctored ATI Review.
Category: Advanced Med-Surg Proctored ATI Review
1 Arterial Blood Gas (ABG) sampling allows the most accurate method of assessing respiratory function. How
are ABG samples typically obtained?
A Via arterial puncture or arterial line
B Via venipuncture
C Via capillary stick
D Via fingerstick
Why A is correct: ABG's are obtained via arterial puncture or arterial line, which provides the most accurate method of
assessing respiratory function.
B — Venipuncture provides venous blood gases, not arterial.
C — Capillary sticks are not used for ABG analysis.
D — Fingersticks are used for blood glucose, not ABGs.
2 What is the correct order of steps for collecting an ABG sample?
A Perform Allen test, draw into heparinized syringe, keep on ice, document oxygen delivery, apply pressure for 5
minutes
B Draw into heparinized syringe, perform Allen test, keep on ice
C Apply pressure, draw sample, keep on ice
D Draw sample, perform Allen test, apply pressure
Why A is correct: The steps for ABG collection are: perform Allen test (if no arterial line), draw into heparinized
syringe, keep on ice, document oxygen delivery, apply pressure for 5 minutes (longer for bleeding risk).
B — Allen test should be performed before drawing.
C — Allen test should be performed first.
D — The order is incorrect.
, 3 A bronchoscopy is used to:
A Visualize the larynx, trachea, and bronchi; obtain tissue biopsy; and remove foreign bodies
B Assess lung volumes
C Measure arterial blood gases
D Perform pulmonary function testing
Why A is correct: Bronchoscopy visualizes the larynx, trachea, bronchi; obtains tissue biopsy; and removes foreign
bodies.
B — Lung volumes are assessed with PFTs.
C — ABG's assess arterial blood gases.
D — PFTs are separate tests.
4 Prior to a bronchoscopy, the patient should be NPO for:
A 8 to 12 hours
B 4 to 6 hours
C 12 to 24 hours
D 2 to 4 hours
Why A is correct: For a bronchoscopy, the patient should be NPO for 8 to 12 hours prior to the procedure.
B — 4-6 hours is for other procedures.
C — 12-24 hours is not the standard.
D — 2-4 hours is not sufficient.
5 A Mantoux test is considered positive for tuberculosis exposure if induration is:
A 10 mm or greater
B 5 mm or greater
C 15 mm or greater
D 2 mm or greater
Why A is correct: Induration of 10 mm or greater is considered a positive Mantoux test. 5 mm may be significant if the
patient is immunocompromised.
B — 5 mm is only significant in immunocompromised patients.
C — 15 mm is also positive but the standard is 10 mm.
D — 2 mm is not significant.
