AT I N U R S I N G E D U C AT I O N · M E D / S U R G F I N A L
Med/Surg Final: ATI Questions
& Module Questions
Practice Question Bank
Comprehensive Review with 68 Questions, Answers & Rationales
ATI Med/Surg — Gastrointestinal, Neurology, Orthopedics & Pharmacology
Edition 1 · August 2026
,Table of Contents
1. Instructions for Use 2
2. Practice Questions with Answers & Rationales 2
ATI · Med/Surg Final Page 1
,MED/SURG FINAL: ATI QUESTIONS & MODULE QUESTIONS GUIDE GI, NEURO, ORTHO & PHARMACOLOGY
How to Use This Guide
Read each stem, choose your answer, then check the rationale below. The correct option is marked, and each wrong option
is explained. This guide contains 68 questions covering the full scope of the Med/Surg Final: ATI Questions & Module
Questions.
Category: Med/Surg Final — ATI Questions & Module Questions
1 What is the cause of a 'non-mechanical' bowel obstruction?
A A tumor or twisting of the bowel
B Constipation
C General anesthesia, narcotics, and handling of the bowel during surgery
D Adhesions
Why C is correct: Non-mechanical bowel obstruction (paralytic ileus) is caused by factors that decrease peristalsis, such
as general anesthesia, narcotics, and handling of the bowel during surgery.
A — Tumor and twisting are mechanical obstructions.
B — Constipation is not the cause of non-mechanical obstruction.
D — Adhesions are mechanical obstructions.
2 What should the nurse advise a patient who has diverticulosis to eat?
A High fiber foods
B Low fiber foods
C Low carb foods
D High carb foods
Why A is correct: Diverticulosis requires a high-fiber diet to prevent constipation and reduce pressure in the colon.
B — Low-fiber diet is for diverticulitis, not diverticulosis.
C — Low carb is not specifically indicated.
D — High carb is not specifically indicated.
, 3 What should the nurse advise a patient who has diverticulitis to eat?
A High fiber foods
B Low fiber foods
C Low carb foods
D High carb foods
Why B is correct: Diverticulitis requires a low-fiber diet to rest the bowel and reduce inflammation. High-fiber foods can
irritate the inflamed diverticula.
A — High-fiber is for diverticulosis, not diverticulitis.
C — Low carb is not specifically indicated.
D — High carb is not specifically indicated.
4 Which of the following is an appropriate nursing intervention for a patient who has had an EGD
(Esophagogastroduodenoscopy)?
A Give food and water as soon as the test is completed
B Enemas until clear
C Monitor for hemorrhage r/t organ perforation
D Administer a sedative
Why C is correct: After an EGD, the nurse should monitor for hemorrhage related to organ perforation, which is a
serious complication. Food and water should be withheld until the gag reflex returns.
A — Food and water should be withheld until the gag reflex returns.
B — Enemas are not indicated for EGD.
D — Sedatives are given before, not after, the procedure.
Med/Surg Final: ATI Questions
& Module Questions
Practice Question Bank
Comprehensive Review with 68 Questions, Answers & Rationales
ATI Med/Surg — Gastrointestinal, Neurology, Orthopedics & Pharmacology
Edition 1 · August 2026
,Table of Contents
1. Instructions for Use 2
2. Practice Questions with Answers & Rationales 2
ATI · Med/Surg Final Page 1
,MED/SURG FINAL: ATI QUESTIONS & MODULE QUESTIONS GUIDE GI, NEURO, ORTHO & PHARMACOLOGY
How to Use This Guide
Read each stem, choose your answer, then check the rationale below. The correct option is marked, and each wrong option
is explained. This guide contains 68 questions covering the full scope of the Med/Surg Final: ATI Questions & Module
Questions.
Category: Med/Surg Final — ATI Questions & Module Questions
1 What is the cause of a 'non-mechanical' bowel obstruction?
A A tumor or twisting of the bowel
B Constipation
C General anesthesia, narcotics, and handling of the bowel during surgery
D Adhesions
Why C is correct: Non-mechanical bowel obstruction (paralytic ileus) is caused by factors that decrease peristalsis, such
as general anesthesia, narcotics, and handling of the bowel during surgery.
A — Tumor and twisting are mechanical obstructions.
B — Constipation is not the cause of non-mechanical obstruction.
D — Adhesions are mechanical obstructions.
2 What should the nurse advise a patient who has diverticulosis to eat?
A High fiber foods
B Low fiber foods
C Low carb foods
D High carb foods
Why A is correct: Diverticulosis requires a high-fiber diet to prevent constipation and reduce pressure in the colon.
B — Low-fiber diet is for diverticulitis, not diverticulosis.
C — Low carb is not specifically indicated.
D — High carb is not specifically indicated.
, 3 What should the nurse advise a patient who has diverticulitis to eat?
A High fiber foods
B Low fiber foods
C Low carb foods
D High carb foods
Why B is correct: Diverticulitis requires a low-fiber diet to rest the bowel and reduce inflammation. High-fiber foods can
irritate the inflamed diverticula.
A — High-fiber is for diverticulosis, not diverticulitis.
C — Low carb is not specifically indicated.
D — High carb is not specifically indicated.
4 Which of the following is an appropriate nursing intervention for a patient who has had an EGD
(Esophagogastroduodenoscopy)?
A Give food and water as soon as the test is completed
B Enemas until clear
C Monitor for hemorrhage r/t organ perforation
D Administer a sedative
Why C is correct: After an EGD, the nurse should monitor for hemorrhage related to organ perforation, which is a
serious complication. Food and water should be withheld until the gag reflex returns.
A — Food and water should be withheld until the gag reflex returns.
B — Enemas are not indicated for EGD.
D — Sedatives are given before, not after, the procedure.
