NR./2030./Exam./1./-./ME
./
1. What./are./the./four./types./of./studies:./Observational./Studies./
Experiments
Models./Review
s
2. Three./types./of./experiments:./Lab./
Field
Natural
3. Rules. / of. / experimental. / design:. / -./Replication
- Randomization
- Avoiding./pseudoreplication
- Some./studies./need./to./add./Control
4. What./is./pseudoreplication?:./the./use./of./inferential./statistics./to./test./for./treatment./ettects./with./data./fr
om./experiments./or./observational./studies./where./either./treatments./are./not./replicated./(though./samples./may./be)./or./r
eplicates./are./not./statistically./independent.
5. P-value:. / -./The./probability./level./which./forms./basis./for./deciding./if./results./are./statistically./significant
- smaller./is./better./because./you./want./reject./the./null.
6. -./If./p<.05....:./reject./the./null./hypothesis
7. If./p>.05...:./accept./the./null./hypothesis
8. What. / type. / variables. / are. / used. / for. / correlation. / and/or. / regression:. / Both./continuo
us
9. T-
test./and/or./ANOVA./have./what./variables:./Independent./variable./is./categorical./Depe
ndent./is./continuous
10. Definition./of./Evolution:./Genetic./change./over./time,./or./a./process./of./descent./with./modifications(the./p
opulations./accumulate./ditterences./over./time)
11. Definition. / of. / Genes:. / segments./of./DNA
12. Gene./flow:./movement./of./alleles./from./one./population./to./another./via./individuals./or./gametes../Through./migr
ation,./pollen,./genetic./variants./are./carried./to./new./populations./where./they./didn't./exist./before../If./enough./movement./it./can./
homogenize./the./population
13. Natural./Selection:./Individuals./with./heritable./traits./leave./more./ottspring./than./those./without./those./traits../
Some./traits./are./more./likely./to./facilitate./survival./and./reproductive./success;./these./are./passed./down./and./can./become./
common./if./the./environment./favoring./this./stays./fixed.
, NR./2030./Exam./1./-./ME
./
14. 4./postulates./of./Natural./Selection:./-
./Some./individuals./are./more./successful./at./surviving./and./reproducing./than./others
./
1. What./are./the./four./types./of./studies:./Observational./Studies./
Experiments
Models./Review
s
2. Three./types./of./experiments:./Lab./
Field
Natural
3. Rules. / of. / experimental. / design:. / -./Replication
- Randomization
- Avoiding./pseudoreplication
- Some./studies./need./to./add./Control
4. What./is./pseudoreplication?:./the./use./of./inferential./statistics./to./test./for./treatment./ettects./with./data./fr
om./experiments./or./observational./studies./where./either./treatments./are./not./replicated./(though./samples./may./be)./or./r
eplicates./are./not./statistically./independent.
5. P-value:. / -./The./probability./level./which./forms./basis./for./deciding./if./results./are./statistically./significant
- smaller./is./better./because./you./want./reject./the./null.
6. -./If./p<.05....:./reject./the./null./hypothesis
7. If./p>.05...:./accept./the./null./hypothesis
8. What. / type. / variables. / are. / used. / for. / correlation. / and/or. / regression:. / Both./continuo
us
9. T-
test./and/or./ANOVA./have./what./variables:./Independent./variable./is./categorical./Depe
ndent./is./continuous
10. Definition./of./Evolution:./Genetic./change./over./time,./or./a./process./of./descent./with./modifications(the./p
opulations./accumulate./ditterences./over./time)
11. Definition. / of. / Genes:. / segments./of./DNA
12. Gene./flow:./movement./of./alleles./from./one./population./to./another./via./individuals./or./gametes../Through./migr
ation,./pollen,./genetic./variants./are./carried./to./new./populations./where./they./didn't./exist./before../If./enough./movement./it./can./
homogenize./the./population
13. Natural./Selection:./Individuals./with./heritable./traits./leave./more./ottspring./than./those./without./those./traits../
Some./traits./are./more./likely./to./facilitate./survival./and./reproductive./success;./these./are./passed./down./and./can./become./
common./if./the./environment./favoring./this./stays./fixed.
, NR./2030./Exam./1./-./ME
./
14. 4./postulates./of./Natural./Selection:./-
./Some./individuals./are./more./successful./at./surviving./and./reproducing./than./others
