BSC 114 EVALUATION TEST ANSWERS AND
QUESTIONS SET A+
✔✔greater - ✔✔The more distant an electron is from the nucleus of an atom, the ___ its
potential energy
✔✔2 - ✔✔1st shell max of
✔✔8 - ✔✔2nd shell max of
✔✔8 - ✔✔3rd shell max of
✔✔chemical behavior - ✔✔The _____ _____ of an atom is determined by the
distribution of electrons in its electron shells.
✔✔Valence electrons - ✔✔are those in the outermost electron shell, which is referred to
as the valence shell.
✔✔valence electrons - ✔✔The chemical behavior of an atom is determined primarily by
its ___ ___
✔✔inert (nonreactive) - ✔✔Elements with a full valence shell are chemically
✔✔valence electrons - ✔✔tend to travel in pairs
✔✔adding, losing, or sharing electrons - ✔✔Tend to move toward a full valence shell by
✔✔orbital - ✔✔An ____ is the 3-dimensional space where an electron is found 90% of
the time.
✔✔incomplete - ✔✔Atoms with _____ valence shells can share or transfer valence
electrons with certain other atoms.
, ✔✔chemical bonds - ✔✔These interactions usually result in atoms staying close
together, held by attractions called
✔✔similar chemical reactivity - ✔✔Atoms with the same number of electrons in their
valence shell have
✔✔less stable - ✔✔The fewer valence electrons an atom holds, the ______ it becomes
and the more likely it is to react
✔✔Electronegativity - ✔✔is an atom's attraction for the
electrons in a chemical bond.
✔✔atom's electronegativity - ✔✔An ______ ______ is affected by both its atomic
number (number of protons in its atoms) and the distance at which its valence electrons
reside from the charged nucleus.
✔✔Covalent bonds - ✔✔strong bonds resulting from the sharing of valence electrons by
atoms:
✔✔Nonpolar - ✔✔valence electrons shared equally by bonded atoms (H2)
✔✔Polar - ✔✔valence electrons not shared equally by bonded atoms (H2O)
✔✔Ionic bonds - ✔✔bonds resulting from loss and gain of electrons by bonded atoms
(e.g., NaCl); strong, but weaker than covalent bonds
✔✔Hydrogen bonds - ✔✔weak bond formed between a hydrogen atom in a polar
compound and an electronegative atom in another polar compound.
✔✔Van der Waals Force - ✔✔very weak bonds resulting from transient shifting of
charges created by the constant movement of electrons.
✔✔covalent bond - ✔✔is the sharing of a pair of valence electrons by two atoms.
✔✔covalent bond - ✔✔In a ____, the shared electrons count as part of each atom's
valence electron shell.
✔✔covalent bond - ✔✔Two hydrogen atoms can form a ____ _____ by sharing their
single valence electrons.
✔✔structural formula - ✔✔The notation used to represent atoms and bonding is called a
(H-H)
✔✔molecular formula - ✔✔This can be abbreviated further with a (H2)
QUESTIONS SET A+
✔✔greater - ✔✔The more distant an electron is from the nucleus of an atom, the ___ its
potential energy
✔✔2 - ✔✔1st shell max of
✔✔8 - ✔✔2nd shell max of
✔✔8 - ✔✔3rd shell max of
✔✔chemical behavior - ✔✔The _____ _____ of an atom is determined by the
distribution of electrons in its electron shells.
✔✔Valence electrons - ✔✔are those in the outermost electron shell, which is referred to
as the valence shell.
✔✔valence electrons - ✔✔The chemical behavior of an atom is determined primarily by
its ___ ___
✔✔inert (nonreactive) - ✔✔Elements with a full valence shell are chemically
✔✔valence electrons - ✔✔tend to travel in pairs
✔✔adding, losing, or sharing electrons - ✔✔Tend to move toward a full valence shell by
✔✔orbital - ✔✔An ____ is the 3-dimensional space where an electron is found 90% of
the time.
✔✔incomplete - ✔✔Atoms with _____ valence shells can share or transfer valence
electrons with certain other atoms.
, ✔✔chemical bonds - ✔✔These interactions usually result in atoms staying close
together, held by attractions called
✔✔similar chemical reactivity - ✔✔Atoms with the same number of electrons in their
valence shell have
✔✔less stable - ✔✔The fewer valence electrons an atom holds, the ______ it becomes
and the more likely it is to react
✔✔Electronegativity - ✔✔is an atom's attraction for the
electrons in a chemical bond.
✔✔atom's electronegativity - ✔✔An ______ ______ is affected by both its atomic
number (number of protons in its atoms) and the distance at which its valence electrons
reside from the charged nucleus.
✔✔Covalent bonds - ✔✔strong bonds resulting from the sharing of valence electrons by
atoms:
✔✔Nonpolar - ✔✔valence electrons shared equally by bonded atoms (H2)
✔✔Polar - ✔✔valence electrons not shared equally by bonded atoms (H2O)
✔✔Ionic bonds - ✔✔bonds resulting from loss and gain of electrons by bonded atoms
(e.g., NaCl); strong, but weaker than covalent bonds
✔✔Hydrogen bonds - ✔✔weak bond formed between a hydrogen atom in a polar
compound and an electronegative atom in another polar compound.
✔✔Van der Waals Force - ✔✔very weak bonds resulting from transient shifting of
charges created by the constant movement of electrons.
✔✔covalent bond - ✔✔is the sharing of a pair of valence electrons by two atoms.
✔✔covalent bond - ✔✔In a ____, the shared electrons count as part of each atom's
valence electron shell.
✔✔covalent bond - ✔✔Two hydrogen atoms can form a ____ _____ by sharing their
single valence electrons.
✔✔structural formula - ✔✔The notation used to represent atoms and bonding is called a
(H-H)
✔✔molecular formula - ✔✔This can be abbreviated further with a (H2)
