PATH 370 ASSESSMENT 1 (CH. 1, 2, 4, 7) EXAM QUESTIONS ANSWERED CORRECTLY LATEST UPDATE 2026

PATH 370 ASSESSMENT 1 (CH. 1, 2, 4, 7) EXAM QUESTIONS ANSWERED CORRECTLY LATEST UPDATE 2026 The effect of stress on the immune system a. may involve enhancement or impairment the immune system. b. most often involves enhancement of the immune system. c. is unknown. d. has been demonstrated to be non-existent in studies. - Answers a. may involve enhancement or impairment the immune system. Metaplasia is a. the disorganization of cells into various sizes, shapes, and arrangements. b. an irreversible cellular adaptation. c. the transformation of a cell type to malignancy. d. the replacement of one differentiated cell type with another. - Answers d. the replacement of one differentiated cell type with another. Retroviruses are associated with human cancers, including a. Burkitt lymphoma. b. hepatic cancer. c. Hodgkin's lymphoma. d. pancreatic cancer. - Answers a. Burkitt lymphoma. An increase in organ size and function caused by increased workload is termed a. metaplasia b. atrophy. c. inflammation. d. hypertrophy. - Answers d. hypertrophy. Reperfusion injury to cells a. results in very little cellular damage. b. involves formation of free radicals. c. results from calcium deficiency in cells. d. occurs following nutritional injury. - Answers b. involves formation of free radicals. Your patient is scheduled for a staging procedure. She wants to know what that means. The correct response is which of the following? a. It is based on exploratory surgery. b. It is biochemical testing of tumor cells to determine the genetic basis of the tumor. c. It is a histologic examination of tissues to determine the degree of tumor differentiation. d. It is a procedure for determining the extent of tumor spread. - Answers d. It is a procedure for determining the extent of tumor spread. The primary adaptive purpose of the substances produced in the alarm stage is a. invoke resting state. b. energy and repair. c. set a new baseline steady-state. d. produce exhaustion. - Answers b. energy and repair. Paraneoplastic syndromes in cancer involve excessive production of substances by multiple means. A common substance found in excessive amounts resulting from cancer paraneoplastic syndromes is a. potassium b. tumor necrosis factor c. insulin d. calcium - Answers d. calcium All the following stress-induced hormones increase blood glucose except a. epinephrine. b. norepinephrine. c. aldosterone. d. cortisol. - Answers c. aldosterone. Somatic death refers to death a. of the entire organism. b. secondary to brain damage. c. of a body organ. d. of nerve cells. - Answers a. of the entire organism Allostasis is best defined as a. a state of equilibrium, of balance within the organism. b. the overall process of adaptive change necessary to maintain survival and well-being. c. steady-state. d. the process by which the body heals following disease. - Answers b. the overall process of adaptive change necessary to maintain survival and well-being. Malignant neoplasms of epithelial origin are known as a. adenomas. b. lymphoma. c. sarcomas. d. carcinomas. - Answers d. carcinomas. Apoptosis is a process that results in cellular a. mutation. b. death. c. atrophy. d. proliferation. - Answers b. death. When the cause is unknown, a condition is said to be idiopathic a. True b. False - Answers a. True Which is not normally secreted in response to stress? a. Norepinephrine b. Insulin c. Epinephrine d. Cortisol - Answers b. Insulin Proto-oncogenes a. lead to abnormal tumor-suppressor genes. b. result from severe mutational events. c. are normal cellular genes that promote growth. d. are the same as oncogenes. - Answers c. are normal cellular genes that promote growth. Coagulative necrosis is caused by a. trauma or pancreatitis. b. lung tissue damage. c. interrupted blood supply. d. dissolving of dead cells and cyst formation. - Answers c. interrupted blood supply. After surgery to remove a lung tumor, your patient is scheduled for chemotherapy, which will a. kill rapidly dividing cells. b. have minimal side effects. c. selectively kill tumor cells. d. stimulate immune cells to fight the cancer. - Answers a. kill rapidly dividing cells. The effects of excessive cortisol production include a. hypoglycemia. b. anorexia. c. inflammatory reactions. d. immune suppression. - Answers d. immune suppression. Necrotic death of brain tissue usually produces _____ necrosis. a. liquefactive b. coagulative c. fat d. caseous - Answers a. liquefactive Cancer grading is based on a. local invasion. b. tumor size. c. metastasis. d. cell differentiation. - Answers d. cell differentiation. C.Q. was recently exposed to group A hemolytic Streptococcus and subsequently developed a pharyngeal infection. His clinic examination reveals an oral temperature of 102.3°F, skin rash, dysphagia, and reddened throat mucosa with multiple pustules. He complains of sore throat, malaise, and joint stiffness. A throat culture is positive for Streptococcus, and antibiotics have been prescribed. The etiology of C.Q.'s disease is a. genetic susceptibility. b. pharyngitis. c. streptococcal infection. d. a sore throat. - Answers c. streptococcal infection. A patient with high blood pressure who is otherwise healthy is counseled to restrict sodium intake. This is an example of a. primary prevention. b. disease treatment. c. tertiary prevention. d. secondary prevention. - Answers d. secondary prevention. The cellular response indicative of injury because of faulty metabolism is a. metaplasia. b. lactate production. c. hydropic swelling. d. intracellular accumulations. - Answers d. intracellular accumulations. Carbon monoxide injures cells by