WGU C208 STANDARD EXAMS ANSWERS AND
QUESTIONS SET A+
✔✔Descriptive change models - ✔✔A category of change models used for trying to
understand what is going on in an organization.
✔✔Schema - ✔✔An organized pattern of thought or behavior.
✔✔Crisis change - ✔✔A type of change triggered by a crisis.
✔✔Kotter's Process for Change - ✔✔A change model that begins with establishing
urgency and that emphasizes communication and coalition-building.
✔✔Anticipatory change - ✔✔A type of change that can be recognized in advance.
✔✔Trigger event - ✔✔An occurrence that itself results in the risk event happening.
✔✔Lewin's Model of Change - ✔✔A descriptive change model based on three steps:
"unfreezing," "changing" and "refreezing."
✔✔Evolutionary change - ✔✔A type of change that occurs incrementally.
✔✔Contingency planning - ✔✔Planning for the response to situations that may occur
such as emergencies or setbacks.
✔✔Christensen's Disruptive Innovation Model - ✔✔A model that looks at the impact on
organizations and industries of disruptive technological innovation.
✔✔Reactive change - ✔✔A type of change triggered by external factors.
✔✔Change agent - ✔✔One who initiates a change effort.
, ✔✔Prescriptive change models - ✔✔A category of change models used for developing
a step-by-step process for change.
✔✔new venture team - ✔✔A unit that is separate from the main organization enterprise
and is tasked with developing and executing a significant innovation.
✔✔idea orchestrator - ✔✔An individual who recognizes value of idea/innovation and
manages it through the organization's political process.
✔✔SCAMPER - ✔✔A technique developed by Bob Eberle that can be useful for
thinking about improving existing products or services.
✔✔brainstorming - ✔✔A creativity technique that looks to generate ideas or solve a
problem by holding a spontaneous group discussion.
✔✔divergent thinking - ✔✔The explicit attempt to put dominant ideas or conventional
wisdom to the side and focus on generating alternatives without immediate evaluation.
✔✔Provocation Technique - ✔✔A creativity technique developed by Edward de Bono
that introduces radical or provocative statements meant to provoke fresh thinking and
generate new ideas.
✔✔incremental innovation - ✔✔Innovation that builds upon existing knowledge and
resources within a given company, which can be seen as an exercise in problem-
solving. Davlia, Epstein, Shelton
✔✔Nominal Group Technique - ✔✔A technique for generating creative thinking by a
group that involves iterative idea generation.
✔✔groupthink - ✔✔The practice of thinking or making decisions as a group in a way
that discourages creativity or individual responsibility.
✔✔Idea generator - ✔✔An individual who generates creative ideas of value to the
organization.
✔✔braindrawing - ✔✔A variation of brainstorming that employs drawing or doodling to
generate ideas.
✔✔radical innovation - ✔✔Innovation that represents a significant change that affects
both the business model and the technology of a company. Davlia, Epstein, Shelton
✔✔open innovation - ✔✔when organizations pursue both external and internal ideas
and innovate and collaborate with partners by sharing risk and reward.
QUESTIONS SET A+
✔✔Descriptive change models - ✔✔A category of change models used for trying to
understand what is going on in an organization.
✔✔Schema - ✔✔An organized pattern of thought or behavior.
✔✔Crisis change - ✔✔A type of change triggered by a crisis.
✔✔Kotter's Process for Change - ✔✔A change model that begins with establishing
urgency and that emphasizes communication and coalition-building.
✔✔Anticipatory change - ✔✔A type of change that can be recognized in advance.
✔✔Trigger event - ✔✔An occurrence that itself results in the risk event happening.
✔✔Lewin's Model of Change - ✔✔A descriptive change model based on three steps:
"unfreezing," "changing" and "refreezing."
✔✔Evolutionary change - ✔✔A type of change that occurs incrementally.
✔✔Contingency planning - ✔✔Planning for the response to situations that may occur
such as emergencies or setbacks.
✔✔Christensen's Disruptive Innovation Model - ✔✔A model that looks at the impact on
organizations and industries of disruptive technological innovation.
✔✔Reactive change - ✔✔A type of change triggered by external factors.
✔✔Change agent - ✔✔One who initiates a change effort.
, ✔✔Prescriptive change models - ✔✔A category of change models used for developing
a step-by-step process for change.
✔✔new venture team - ✔✔A unit that is separate from the main organization enterprise
and is tasked with developing and executing a significant innovation.
✔✔idea orchestrator - ✔✔An individual who recognizes value of idea/innovation and
manages it through the organization's political process.
✔✔SCAMPER - ✔✔A technique developed by Bob Eberle that can be useful for
thinking about improving existing products or services.
✔✔brainstorming - ✔✔A creativity technique that looks to generate ideas or solve a
problem by holding a spontaneous group discussion.
✔✔divergent thinking - ✔✔The explicit attempt to put dominant ideas or conventional
wisdom to the side and focus on generating alternatives without immediate evaluation.
✔✔Provocation Technique - ✔✔A creativity technique developed by Edward de Bono
that introduces radical or provocative statements meant to provoke fresh thinking and
generate new ideas.
✔✔incremental innovation - ✔✔Innovation that builds upon existing knowledge and
resources within a given company, which can be seen as an exercise in problem-
solving. Davlia, Epstein, Shelton
✔✔Nominal Group Technique - ✔✔A technique for generating creative thinking by a
group that involves iterative idea generation.
✔✔groupthink - ✔✔The practice of thinking or making decisions as a group in a way
that discourages creativity or individual responsibility.
✔✔Idea generator - ✔✔An individual who generates creative ideas of value to the
organization.
✔✔braindrawing - ✔✔A variation of brainstorming that employs drawing or doodling to
generate ideas.
✔✔radical innovation - ✔✔Innovation that represents a significant change that affects
both the business model and the technology of a company. Davlia, Epstein, Shelton
✔✔open innovation - ✔✔when organizations pursue both external and internal ideas
and innovate and collaborate with partners by sharing risk and reward.
