PATHO 370 MIDTERM EXAM VERSION B -
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND DETAILED SOLUTIONS
LATEST UPDATE THIS YEAR JUST RELEASED
Question 1: A patient exhibiting respiratory distress as well as a
tracheal shift should be evaluated for:
-pneumonia
-pneumothorax
-pulmonary edema
-pulmonary embolus
Answer:
PNEUMOTHROAX
Pneumothorax leads to a tracheal shift to the side opposite the
pneumothorax. Pneumonia, pulmonary edema, and pulmonary embolus
do not lead to tracheal shift.
Question 2: Which pulmonary function test result is consistent with
a diagnosis of asthma?
-reduced forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1)
-decreased functional residual capacity
-increased FEV1
-reduced total lung volume
,Answer:
REDUCED FORCED EXPIRATORY VOL IN 1 SEC (FEV1)
Forced expiratory volumes (FEV1) decrease during asthma attacks.
Functional residual capacity is not used to diagnose asthma. Reduced
(not increased) FEV1 is found in asthma. Total lung volume is not used
to diagnose asthma.
The common denominator in all forms of heart failure is:
-poor diastolic filling
-reduced cardiac output
-pulmonary edema
Question 3: -tissue ischemia
Answer:
REDUCED CARDIAC OUTPUT (CO)
The common manifestation of all forms of heart failure is the failure of
the heart to pump blood adequately. The clinical presentation may differ
depending on which ventricle fails (left or right, or both). Poor diastolic
filling is not seen in all forms of heart failure. Pulmonary edema is seen
in left-sided failure. Tissue ischemia is directly related to myocardial
infarction, which may induce heart failure.
Pulse pressure is defined as:
-two-thirds of systolic pressure + diastolic pressure
-systolic pressure + diastolic pressure
,-systolic pressure - diastolic pressure
Question 4: -systolic pressure × systemic resistance
Answer:
SYSTOLIC PRESSURE - DIASTOLIC PRESSURE
Pulse pressure is defined as the difference between systolic and
diastolic blood pressure. Pulse pressure is the difference between
systolic and diastolic pressure. Pulse pressure is not the sum of the
systolic and diastolic pressures. Systemic resistance is not involved in
determining the pulse pressure.
Clinical manifestations of severe symptomatic hypophosphatemia are
caused by:
-excess proteins
-renal damage
-deficiency of ATP
Question 5: -hypocalcemia
Answer:
DEFICIENCY OF ATP
Clinical manifestations of severe symptomatic hypophosphatemia are
caused by a deficiency of ATP. Phosphate is an important component of
ATP, which is the major source of energy for many cellular substances.
Severe symptomatic hypophosphatemia does not cause excess protein
accumulation, damage the kidneys, or cause hypocalcemia.
, The most appropriate treatment for secondary polycythemia is:
-volume expansion with saline
-measured to improve oxygenation
-phlebotomy
Question 6: -chemotherapy
Answer:
MEASURED TO IMPROVE OXYGENATION
Secondary polycythemia is because of chronic hypoxemia with a
resultant increase in erythropoietin production. The goal of treatment is
aimed at measures to reduce hypoxemia and improve oxygenation by
implementing oxygen therapy. IV fluids may be used to treat relative
polycythemia, because it is related to dehydration. Phlebotomy or
increases in laboratory studies do not have an effect on secondary
polycythemia. Polycythemia is not treated with chemotherapeutic
agents.
A patient with flail chest will demonstrate:
-absence of chest movement with breaths
-no inspiratory breath sounds
-fluttering chest movements on expirations
Question 7: -outward chest movement on expiration
Answer:
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND DETAILED SOLUTIONS
LATEST UPDATE THIS YEAR JUST RELEASED
Question 1: A patient exhibiting respiratory distress as well as a
tracheal shift should be evaluated for:
-pneumonia
-pneumothorax
-pulmonary edema
-pulmonary embolus
Answer:
PNEUMOTHROAX
Pneumothorax leads to a tracheal shift to the side opposite the
pneumothorax. Pneumonia, pulmonary edema, and pulmonary embolus
do not lead to tracheal shift.
Question 2: Which pulmonary function test result is consistent with
a diagnosis of asthma?
-reduced forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1)
-decreased functional residual capacity
-increased FEV1
-reduced total lung volume
,Answer:
REDUCED FORCED EXPIRATORY VOL IN 1 SEC (FEV1)
Forced expiratory volumes (FEV1) decrease during asthma attacks.
Functional residual capacity is not used to diagnose asthma. Reduced
(not increased) FEV1 is found in asthma. Total lung volume is not used
to diagnose asthma.
The common denominator in all forms of heart failure is:
-poor diastolic filling
-reduced cardiac output
-pulmonary edema
Question 3: -tissue ischemia
Answer:
REDUCED CARDIAC OUTPUT (CO)
The common manifestation of all forms of heart failure is the failure of
the heart to pump blood adequately. The clinical presentation may differ
depending on which ventricle fails (left or right, or both). Poor diastolic
filling is not seen in all forms of heart failure. Pulmonary edema is seen
in left-sided failure. Tissue ischemia is directly related to myocardial
infarction, which may induce heart failure.
Pulse pressure is defined as:
-two-thirds of systolic pressure + diastolic pressure
-systolic pressure + diastolic pressure
,-systolic pressure - diastolic pressure
Question 4: -systolic pressure × systemic resistance
Answer:
SYSTOLIC PRESSURE - DIASTOLIC PRESSURE
Pulse pressure is defined as the difference between systolic and
diastolic blood pressure. Pulse pressure is the difference between
systolic and diastolic pressure. Pulse pressure is not the sum of the
systolic and diastolic pressures. Systemic resistance is not involved in
determining the pulse pressure.
Clinical manifestations of severe symptomatic hypophosphatemia are
caused by:
-excess proteins
-renal damage
-deficiency of ATP
Question 5: -hypocalcemia
Answer:
DEFICIENCY OF ATP
Clinical manifestations of severe symptomatic hypophosphatemia are
caused by a deficiency of ATP. Phosphate is an important component of
ATP, which is the major source of energy for many cellular substances.
Severe symptomatic hypophosphatemia does not cause excess protein
accumulation, damage the kidneys, or cause hypocalcemia.
, The most appropriate treatment for secondary polycythemia is:
-volume expansion with saline
-measured to improve oxygenation
-phlebotomy
Question 6: -chemotherapy
Answer:
MEASURED TO IMPROVE OXYGENATION
Secondary polycythemia is because of chronic hypoxemia with a
resultant increase in erythropoietin production. The goal of treatment is
aimed at measures to reduce hypoxemia and improve oxygenation by
implementing oxygen therapy. IV fluids may be used to treat relative
polycythemia, because it is related to dehydration. Phlebotomy or
increases in laboratory studies do not have an effect on secondary
polycythemia. Polycythemia is not treated with chemotherapeutic
agents.
A patient with flail chest will demonstrate:
-absence of chest movement with breaths
-no inspiratory breath sounds
-fluttering chest movements on expirations
Question 7: -outward chest movement on expiration
Answer:
