RASMUSSEN PATHOPHYSIOLOGY EXAM 1
TEST 2026 VERIFIED QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS PASS GUIDE
◉ Examples of passive immunity
Answer: IgA in breast milk, maternal IgG crossing placenta,
antitoxin, serotherapy (direct injection of antibodies)
◉ Potassium Value normal range( intercellular cation)
Answer: 3.5-5.0 mEq/L
◉ Sodium value normal range (major cation of extracellular fluid)
Answer: 135-145 mEq/L
◉ Calcium value normal range
Answer: 9-11 mg/dL OR 4.5-5.5 mEq/L
◉ Phosphate value normal range
Answer: 2.5-4.5 mg/dL
,◉ Magnesium value normal range
Answer: 1.5-2.5 mEq/L
◉ Bicarbonate value normal range (second most abundant anion in
blood)
Answer: 23-30 mEq/L
◉ Condition of low potassium < 3.5 mEq/L
Answer: hypokalemia
◉ Condition of high potassium >5 mEq/L
Answer: Hyperkalemia
◉ Condition of sodium < 135 mEq/L
Answer: hyponatremia / hypernatremia
◉ Condition of high sodium>145 mEq/L
Answer: hypernatremia
◉ condition of low phosphate < 2.5 mg/dL
Answer: hypophophatemia
, ◉ Condition of high phosphate > 4.5 mg/dL
Answer: Hyperphosphatemia
◉ Condition of low chloride <96 mEq/L
Answer: hypochloremia
◉ Condition of high chloride > 106 mEq/L
Answer: Hyperchloremia
◉ Condition of low magnesium <1.5 mEq/L
Answer: hypomagnesemia
◉ Condition of high magnesium >2.5 mEq/L
Answer: Hypermagesemia
◉ condition of low calcium< 9mg/dL
Answer: hypocalcemia
◉ condition of high calcium > 11mg/dL
Answer: hypercalcemia
◉ Pathophysiology
TEST 2026 VERIFIED QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS PASS GUIDE
◉ Examples of passive immunity
Answer: IgA in breast milk, maternal IgG crossing placenta,
antitoxin, serotherapy (direct injection of antibodies)
◉ Potassium Value normal range( intercellular cation)
Answer: 3.5-5.0 mEq/L
◉ Sodium value normal range (major cation of extracellular fluid)
Answer: 135-145 mEq/L
◉ Calcium value normal range
Answer: 9-11 mg/dL OR 4.5-5.5 mEq/L
◉ Phosphate value normal range
Answer: 2.5-4.5 mg/dL
,◉ Magnesium value normal range
Answer: 1.5-2.5 mEq/L
◉ Bicarbonate value normal range (second most abundant anion in
blood)
Answer: 23-30 mEq/L
◉ Condition of low potassium < 3.5 mEq/L
Answer: hypokalemia
◉ Condition of high potassium >5 mEq/L
Answer: Hyperkalemia
◉ Condition of sodium < 135 mEq/L
Answer: hyponatremia / hypernatremia
◉ Condition of high sodium>145 mEq/L
Answer: hypernatremia
◉ condition of low phosphate < 2.5 mg/dL
Answer: hypophophatemia
, ◉ Condition of high phosphate > 4.5 mg/dL
Answer: Hyperphosphatemia
◉ Condition of low chloride <96 mEq/L
Answer: hypochloremia
◉ Condition of high chloride > 106 mEq/L
Answer: Hyperchloremia
◉ Condition of low magnesium <1.5 mEq/L
Answer: hypomagnesemia
◉ Condition of high magnesium >2.5 mEq/L
Answer: Hypermagesemia
◉ condition of low calcium< 9mg/dL
Answer: hypocalcemia
◉ condition of high calcium > 11mg/dL
Answer: hypercalcemia
◉ Pathophysiology