Frequently Tested Questions With ELABORATED 100% Correct COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
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What is the primary use of Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) To identify hepatocellular diseases of the liver and monitor
testing? the improvement or worsening of conditions.
What does elevated ALT indicate in jaundice patients? It indicates liver disease.
Liver injury leads to the release of hepatocellular enzymes,
What causes elevated ALT levels?
resulting in elevated ALT.
Positive for leukocyte esterase and nitrates, increased pH,
What urinalysis findings indicate a UTI?
and increased WBC.
What does red urine typically indicate? Bleeding in the genitourinary tract.
Hyperbilirubinemia, liver disease, or the use of rifampin
What does orange urine suggest?
antibiotics.
What does brown or black urine indicate? Severe concentrated urine.
What causes green urine? UTIs due to Pseudomonas, methylene blue, or blue dye.
What does purple urine signify? Infected catheters.
What does white urine indicate? Hypercalcemia or lymph leak.
What does elevated specific gravity of urine (1.035) indi- Dehydration, SIADH, decreased renal blood flow, or di-
cate? minished blood volume.
Overhydration, diabetes insipidus, renal failure, or diure-
What does low specific gravity of urine (1.001) suggest?
sis.
CBC findings are age-dependent and vary by age, with
How do CBC findings ditter between pediatric and adult
WBCs being higher in newborns and infants than in
patients?
adults.
What does an increase in neutrophils indicate? Bacterial infection, leukemia, or ischemia.
What does an increase in eosinophils suggest? Worm infections, wheezing, and other unusual diseases.
What does an increase in lymphocytes indicate? Viral infections or lymphoma.
What does a decrease in monocytes suggest? Bone marrow damage.
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