Neuropsychology Exam 2
with questions and well
verified answers actual
exam!!! 2026
Memory - ANSWER -forms the basis of experience and perception of self; it is dynamic
and malleable; it allows people to travel back in time; pervades most aspects of human
experience; the foundation of social communication; it is parceled into subsystems based on
ideas of storage and processing; it is a fragile system, affected by many disorders, including
dementias, such as alzheimer's, toxic conditions, loss of oxygen, and head injury.
Anterograde Amnesia - ANSWER -is the loss of the ability to encode and learn new
information after a defined event (such as head injury, lesion, or disease onset). Often caused
by damage to the hippocampus.
Retrograde Amnesia - ANSWER -is the loss of old memories from before an event or
illness.
Short Term Memory (STM) - ANSWER -is of limited capacity (7+/-2 bits of information)
and degrades quickly over a matter of seconds if information is not held via a means such as
rehearsal, or transferred to long term memory; does not accommodate more than a few
thoughts, ideas, or bits of information at a time; as new bits arrive they may take the place of
others or simply degrade; uses phonological coding, relying on an acoustic code
Long Term Memory (LTM) - ANSWER -is of unlimited capacity and relatively permanent
except for models that suggest that loss of information through forgetting is possible.
neuropsychologists are referring to the specific ability to register information (encode),
organize the information in a meaningful way (storage), and recall or recognize the
, information when needed (retrieval). The ability to learn and retain new information. Heavily
uses semantic coding, or the associative meaning value of information to be remembered.
Remote Memory - ANSWER -concerns memory for long-past events
Declarative Memory - ANSWER -is explicit and accessible to conscious awareness; there
is no one memory storage system; most neuropsychologists think of the memory as being
ultimately stored in the area where it was 1st processed; the function of this system is to
process the information in such ways as to tag it or consolidate it for storage in the brain.
Three Constellations of brain structures in declarative memory - ANSWER -the first
centers around the medial temporal lobes, the second around the diencephalon, and the third
in the basal forebrain; information funnels into the hippocampus
Procedural Memory - ANSWER -is usually implicit, and a person demonstrates it via
performance; concerns the learning of procedures, rules, or skills manifested through
performance rather than verbalization, although conscious awareness may aid procedural
learning.
Non-declarative Memory - ANSWER -"habit memory"; "procedural memory"; "Implicit
Memory"; One area of nondeclarative memory concerns perceptual motor adaptation & skill
acquisition
Episodic Memory - ANSWER -refers to individual episodes, usually autobiographical,
that have specific spatial and temporal tags in memory
Semantic Memory - ANSWER -refers to memory for information and facts that have no
specific time tag reference. (trivia is an example of this memory)
Implicit Memory - ANSWER -implies influence by prior experience without conscious
awareness of the event.
Components of Memory - ANSWER -Central executive, articulatory phonological loop,
and visual-spatial sketch pad.
with questions and well
verified answers actual
exam!!! 2026
Memory - ANSWER -forms the basis of experience and perception of self; it is dynamic
and malleable; it allows people to travel back in time; pervades most aspects of human
experience; the foundation of social communication; it is parceled into subsystems based on
ideas of storage and processing; it is a fragile system, affected by many disorders, including
dementias, such as alzheimer's, toxic conditions, loss of oxygen, and head injury.
Anterograde Amnesia - ANSWER -is the loss of the ability to encode and learn new
information after a defined event (such as head injury, lesion, or disease onset). Often caused
by damage to the hippocampus.
Retrograde Amnesia - ANSWER -is the loss of old memories from before an event or
illness.
Short Term Memory (STM) - ANSWER -is of limited capacity (7+/-2 bits of information)
and degrades quickly over a matter of seconds if information is not held via a means such as
rehearsal, or transferred to long term memory; does not accommodate more than a few
thoughts, ideas, or bits of information at a time; as new bits arrive they may take the place of
others or simply degrade; uses phonological coding, relying on an acoustic code
Long Term Memory (LTM) - ANSWER -is of unlimited capacity and relatively permanent
except for models that suggest that loss of information through forgetting is possible.
neuropsychologists are referring to the specific ability to register information (encode),
organize the information in a meaningful way (storage), and recall or recognize the
, information when needed (retrieval). The ability to learn and retain new information. Heavily
uses semantic coding, or the associative meaning value of information to be remembered.
Remote Memory - ANSWER -concerns memory for long-past events
Declarative Memory - ANSWER -is explicit and accessible to conscious awareness; there
is no one memory storage system; most neuropsychologists think of the memory as being
ultimately stored in the area where it was 1st processed; the function of this system is to
process the information in such ways as to tag it or consolidate it for storage in the brain.
Three Constellations of brain structures in declarative memory - ANSWER -the first
centers around the medial temporal lobes, the second around the diencephalon, and the third
in the basal forebrain; information funnels into the hippocampus
Procedural Memory - ANSWER -is usually implicit, and a person demonstrates it via
performance; concerns the learning of procedures, rules, or skills manifested through
performance rather than verbalization, although conscious awareness may aid procedural
learning.
Non-declarative Memory - ANSWER -"habit memory"; "procedural memory"; "Implicit
Memory"; One area of nondeclarative memory concerns perceptual motor adaptation & skill
acquisition
Episodic Memory - ANSWER -refers to individual episodes, usually autobiographical,
that have specific spatial and temporal tags in memory
Semantic Memory - ANSWER -refers to memory for information and facts that have no
specific time tag reference. (trivia is an example of this memory)
Implicit Memory - ANSWER -implies influence by prior experience without conscious
awareness of the event.
Components of Memory - ANSWER -Central executive, articulatory phonological loop,
and visual-spatial sketch pad.
