Sepsis And Septic Shock Questions With Detailed Verified And 100% Accurate Answers

SEPSIS AND SEPTIC SHOCK QUESTIONS WITH DETAILED
VERIFIED AND 100% ACCURATE ANSWERS
Life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by an amplified and
dysregulated host response to infection; Mortality rate >10% Correct
Answers Sepsis definition


General Definition of Septic Shock
(what is it? not the clinical criteria that define it). Correct Answers A
subset of sepsis associated with circulatory, cellular, and metabolic
dysfunction associated with a higher risk of mortality than with sepsis
alone; Mortality rate >40%


T/F: Septic shock is associated with a lower risk of mortality than with
sepsis alone Correct Answers F
septic shock is associated with a higher risk of mortality (>40%) than
with sepsis alone (>10%)


Patients with septic shock can be clinically identified by (2)
1.
2. Correct Answers 1. Vasopressor requirement in order to maintain
MAP of ≥ 65 mmHg AND


2. Serum lactate level >2 mmol/L


Clinical Criteria to define septic shock:

,Vasopressors required in order to maintain MAP of ≥ ________mmHg
AND Serum lactate level >________mmol/L Correct Answers MAP ≥
65mmHg
Serum lactate > 2mmol/L


2 things that define a case of sepsis to be "severe sepsis" Correct
Answers - dysfunction of 1 of the major organ systems OR
- an unexplained metabolic acidosis


sepsis results in an infectious insult that triggers a localized
inflammatory reaction that then spills over to cause systemic symptoms
(fever or hypothermia, tachycardia, tachypnea, leukocytosis or
leukopenia). What is this inflammatory reaction mediated by? Correct
Answers Release of cytokines, including TNF-alpha, interleukins, and
prostaglandins from Neutrophils and Macrophages


The (localized->systemic) inflammatory reaction observed in sepsis is
mediated by the release of cytokines (including TNF-α), interleukins,
and PGs from macrophages and neutrophils. How may this lead to
thrombosis? Correct Answers 1. Cytokines: Activate the extrinsic
coagulation cascade and Inhibit fibrinolysis; together, these overlapping
effects lead to microvascular thrombosis - producing organ dysfunction


2. Excessive activation of the coagulation cascade leads to consumption
and depletion of endogenous anticoagulants (i.e. Protein C,
Antithrombin), further potentiating the development of thrombosis
(microvascular coagulopathy)

, why is this relevant - this is just one mechanism by which organ-
dysfunction may result from sepsis and/or septic shock


An excess in either _______ mediators or ________ mediators is what
results in poor patient outcomes in sepsis Correct Answers anti-
inflammatory mediators; inflammatory mediators


Patients with severe sepsis and/or septic shock may present with
__________________. This is very important to emphasize as severe
sepsis can often be missed if this concept is not accounted for. Correct
Answers Patients with severe sepsis / septic shock may present with
ANY acute organ dysfunction; common mistake = failure to recognize
severe sepsis in the absence of CV dysfunction


Severe Sepsis/ Septic Shock (general)
CNS effects:
Respiratory effects:
Hepatic Effects:
GI Effects:
CV Effects:
Renal/Urinary Effects:
Hematologic effects: Correct Answers CNS effects: Altered
consciousness, AMS/confusion, psychosis
Respiratory effects: tachypnea, PaO2<70, SaO2<90%, PaO2/FiO2≤250
Hepatic Effects: jaundice, ↑ LFTs, ↓ Albumin, ↑ PT
GI Effects: GI bleeding, intestinal ischemia, acute pancreatitis