CJE Benchmark Exam Questions And
Answers
Blood Transfusion Step Before During & After
1. 2 nurses should verify blood with client ID
2. Gain Informed Consent
3. Baseline vital signs
4. 20-Gauge (or larger) IV catheter
5. Administer with .9% Sodium Chloride only
6. Stay with client for first
15 min.
7. Compare next set of
vital signs to baseline.
8. Begin infusion slowly.
9. Stop blood
immediately if any
signs of transfusion
reaction.
10. Complete infusion
within 4 hr
hypocalcemia (<9.0 mg/dL) Causes
Hypoparathyroidism
Renal failure
Malabsorption
Hypocalcemia: <9.0 mg/dL
Signs and Symptoms
• Changes in HR, prolonged QT interval
• Tetany
• Change in LOC leading to seizures
Hypocalcemia: <9.0 mg/dL interventions
• Replace Ca
• Vit D (essential for calcium absorption in the intestines.)
, Hypercalcemia (>10.5 mg/dL) causes
Hyperparathyroidism
• Excessive intake of Ca or
Vit. D
Hypercalcemia: >10.5 mg/dL
Signs and Symptoms
Dysrhythmias → cardiac arrest
Blood clots
Confusion → coma
Hypercalcemia (>10.5 mg/dL)
-Interventions
Increase mobility
Dialysis
A client develops syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone following a
head injury. The serum sodium is 116 mEq/L. What is the most important action
for the nurse to implement?
1. Record daily weight.
2. Administer furosemide.
3. Obtain a urine osmolality.
4. Initiate seizure precautions.
Acid-Base Imbalances Evaluation Steps
1. Evaluate oxygenation.
2. Evaluate acid-base status.
3. Determine primary acid-base imbalance
Respiratory Acidosis ABG patterns
Decreased pH (7.35<)
Increased PaCo2 (<45)
Within range HCO3 (22-26)
ex: pH 7.24 PaCO2 83 HCO3 24
Respiratory Acidosis Cause
Hypoventilation (COPD, overdose)
Respiratory Alkolosis ABG patterns
Answers
Blood Transfusion Step Before During & After
1. 2 nurses should verify blood with client ID
2. Gain Informed Consent
3. Baseline vital signs
4. 20-Gauge (or larger) IV catheter
5. Administer with .9% Sodium Chloride only
6. Stay with client for first
15 min.
7. Compare next set of
vital signs to baseline.
8. Begin infusion slowly.
9. Stop blood
immediately if any
signs of transfusion
reaction.
10. Complete infusion
within 4 hr
hypocalcemia (<9.0 mg/dL) Causes
Hypoparathyroidism
Renal failure
Malabsorption
Hypocalcemia: <9.0 mg/dL
Signs and Symptoms
• Changes in HR, prolonged QT interval
• Tetany
• Change in LOC leading to seizures
Hypocalcemia: <9.0 mg/dL interventions
• Replace Ca
• Vit D (essential for calcium absorption in the intestines.)
, Hypercalcemia (>10.5 mg/dL) causes
Hyperparathyroidism
• Excessive intake of Ca or
Vit. D
Hypercalcemia: >10.5 mg/dL
Signs and Symptoms
Dysrhythmias → cardiac arrest
Blood clots
Confusion → coma
Hypercalcemia (>10.5 mg/dL)
-Interventions
Increase mobility
Dialysis
A client develops syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone following a
head injury. The serum sodium is 116 mEq/L. What is the most important action
for the nurse to implement?
1. Record daily weight.
2. Administer furosemide.
3. Obtain a urine osmolality.
4. Initiate seizure precautions.
Acid-Base Imbalances Evaluation Steps
1. Evaluate oxygenation.
2. Evaluate acid-base status.
3. Determine primary acid-base imbalance
Respiratory Acidosis ABG patterns
Decreased pH (7.35<)
Increased PaCo2 (<45)
Within range HCO3 (22-26)
ex: pH 7.24 PaCO2 83 HCO3 24
Respiratory Acidosis Cause
Hypoventilation (COPD, overdose)
Respiratory Alkolosis ABG patterns
