POCKET PREP MOCK RD EXAM 1 MISSED CONCEPTS
UPDATED ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS
Question:
1. Acute phase reactants which increase or decrease during inflammation
Answer:
Positive reactants that increase are CRP ferritin fibrinogen and procalcitonin. Negative reactants that
decrease are albumin prealbumin transferrin and retinol binding protein.
During inflammation the liver makes inflammation proteins instead of nutrition proteins.
Question:
2. What does ethylene gas do to fruits and vegetables
Answer:
Ethylene is a natural plant hormone that speeds up ripening. It enhances color softens texture increases
sweetness and speeds ripening. Example a green banana becomes yellow softer sweeter and more
flavorful.
Question:
3. Which hormones regulate hunger
Answer:
Ghrelin increases hunger. GLP-1 decreases hunger increases satiety and slows gastric emptying.
Question:
4. Functional role of fat in food
Answer:
Fat provides color texture flavor tenderness and emulsification. Fat makes food taste and feel good.
Question:
5. Functional role of protein in food
Answer:
Protein provides foam formation gel formation coagulation structure and water binding.
Protein mainly provides structure.
Question:
6. Functional role of carbohydrates also known as starch in food
Answer:
Starch provides gelatinization dextrinization thickening viscosity and browning. Heat with water thickens
foods such as pasta and browns foods for flavor.
Question:
7. Is WIC an entitlement or a grant program
Answer:
WIC is a federal grant program. Funding is limited so not everyone who qualifies is guaranteed benefits if
funding runs out.
,Question:
8. Key facts about WIC
Answer:
WIC stands for Women Infants and Children. It provides nutritious foods nutrition education breastfeeding
support and referrals. Foods must contain one or more of protein iron calcium vitamin A or vitamin
C. Eligible groups include pregnant breastfeeding postpartum women infants and children younger than 5
years who are at nutritional risk.
Question:
9. Union and labor laws
Answer:
Right to Work means employees cannot be forced to join or pay a union. Collective Bargaining means
employees negotiate with employers through a union. Labor Management Reporting and Disclosure Act
protects union members through a bill of rights and requires financial reporting to reduce corruption.
Question:
10. How many regular employees can one relief employee cover in a 7 day operation
Answer:
One relief employee can cover 2.5 regular employees because 5 workdays divided by 2 days off equals 2.5
employees.
Question:
11. Incretin hormones and what do they do
Answer:
The incretin hormones are GLP-1 and GIP. They increase insulin release slow gastric emptying and inhibit
glucagon release.
Question:
12. CCK role
Answer:
CCK reduces food intake by acting on the brain. It releases bile and pancreatic digestive enzymes increases
satiety and decreases gastric emptying.
Question:
13. Prediabetes criteria
Answer:
FBG: 100-125 mg or A1C is 5.7-6.4%. A Normal fasting glucose is <100 mg/dL normal A1C is <5.7%.
Question:
14. Calcium phosphate kidney stones acid ash diet what foods are recommended
Answer:
Recommend meat fish eggs cheese and grains. These foods are high in sulfur chloride and phosphorus
which produce an acid ash.
Question:
15. NSAIDs inhibit which enzyme to reduce inflammation
, Answer:
NSAIDs inhibit COX-1 and COX-2 also called cyclooxygenase enzymes.
Question:
16. Nitrogen balance equation and what positive negative and zero mean
Answer:
(protein intake in grams/6.25) - (urinary urea nitrogen + 4) Negative balance occurs with malnutrition
burns fever injury and hyperthyroidism. Positive balance occurs with growth pregnancy infancy and
healing. Zero balance indicates a healthy adult.
Question:
17. Small frame and large frame IBW adjustments
Answer:
Subtract 10% from IBW for a small frame. Add 10% to IBW for a large frame.
Question:
18. Which hormones regulate digestion
Answer:
Motilin increases GI motility and gastric emptying. Secretin decreases gastric emptying decreases stomach
acid and increases pancreatic bicarbonate to protect the small intestine. CCK decreases gastric emptying
contracts the gallbladder and increases pancreatic enzymes. Gastrin increases stomach acid secretion.
Question:
19. How do you calculate food cost per usable (edible) pound?
Answer:
Question:
20. What factors should be considered when selecting an enteral formula?
UPDATED ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS
Question:
1. Acute phase reactants which increase or decrease during inflammation
Answer:
Positive reactants that increase are CRP ferritin fibrinogen and procalcitonin. Negative reactants that
decrease are albumin prealbumin transferrin and retinol binding protein.
During inflammation the liver makes inflammation proteins instead of nutrition proteins.
Question:
2. What does ethylene gas do to fruits and vegetables
Answer:
Ethylene is a natural plant hormone that speeds up ripening. It enhances color softens texture increases
sweetness and speeds ripening. Example a green banana becomes yellow softer sweeter and more
flavorful.
Question:
3. Which hormones regulate hunger
Answer:
Ghrelin increases hunger. GLP-1 decreases hunger increases satiety and slows gastric emptying.
Question:
4. Functional role of fat in food
Answer:
Fat provides color texture flavor tenderness and emulsification. Fat makes food taste and feel good.
Question:
5. Functional role of protein in food
Answer:
Protein provides foam formation gel formation coagulation structure and water binding.
Protein mainly provides structure.
Question:
6. Functional role of carbohydrates also known as starch in food
Answer:
Starch provides gelatinization dextrinization thickening viscosity and browning. Heat with water thickens
foods such as pasta and browns foods for flavor.
Question:
7. Is WIC an entitlement or a grant program
Answer:
WIC is a federal grant program. Funding is limited so not everyone who qualifies is guaranteed benefits if
funding runs out.
,Question:
8. Key facts about WIC
Answer:
WIC stands for Women Infants and Children. It provides nutritious foods nutrition education breastfeeding
support and referrals. Foods must contain one or more of protein iron calcium vitamin A or vitamin
C. Eligible groups include pregnant breastfeeding postpartum women infants and children younger than 5
years who are at nutritional risk.
Question:
9. Union and labor laws
Answer:
Right to Work means employees cannot be forced to join or pay a union. Collective Bargaining means
employees negotiate with employers through a union. Labor Management Reporting and Disclosure Act
protects union members through a bill of rights and requires financial reporting to reduce corruption.
Question:
10. How many regular employees can one relief employee cover in a 7 day operation
Answer:
One relief employee can cover 2.5 regular employees because 5 workdays divided by 2 days off equals 2.5
employees.
Question:
11. Incretin hormones and what do they do
Answer:
The incretin hormones are GLP-1 and GIP. They increase insulin release slow gastric emptying and inhibit
glucagon release.
Question:
12. CCK role
Answer:
CCK reduces food intake by acting on the brain. It releases bile and pancreatic digestive enzymes increases
satiety and decreases gastric emptying.
Question:
13. Prediabetes criteria
Answer:
FBG: 100-125 mg or A1C is 5.7-6.4%. A Normal fasting glucose is <100 mg/dL normal A1C is <5.7%.
Question:
14. Calcium phosphate kidney stones acid ash diet what foods are recommended
Answer:
Recommend meat fish eggs cheese and grains. These foods are high in sulfur chloride and phosphorus
which produce an acid ash.
Question:
15. NSAIDs inhibit which enzyme to reduce inflammation
, Answer:
NSAIDs inhibit COX-1 and COX-2 also called cyclooxygenase enzymes.
Question:
16. Nitrogen balance equation and what positive negative and zero mean
Answer:
(protein intake in grams/6.25) - (urinary urea nitrogen + 4) Negative balance occurs with malnutrition
burns fever injury and hyperthyroidism. Positive balance occurs with growth pregnancy infancy and
healing. Zero balance indicates a healthy adult.
Question:
17. Small frame and large frame IBW adjustments
Answer:
Subtract 10% from IBW for a small frame. Add 10% to IBW for a large frame.
Question:
18. Which hormones regulate digestion
Answer:
Motilin increases GI motility and gastric emptying. Secretin decreases gastric emptying decreases stomach
acid and increases pancreatic bicarbonate to protect the small intestine. CCK decreases gastric emptying
contracts the gallbladder and increases pancreatic enzymes. Gastrin increases stomach acid secretion.
Question:
19. How do you calculate food cost per usable (edible) pound?
Answer:
Question:
20. What factors should be considered when selecting an enteral formula?
