PNB 2275 LAB 2 UPDATED ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS

PNB 2275 LAB 2 UPDATED ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS

Question:
1. systemic circulation
Answer:
a closed-loop circuit between the heart and all the tissues of the body; it transports oxygenated blood from
the left ventricle of the heart to capillaries within tissues for gas exchange

Question:
2. pulmonary circulation
Answer:
a closed-loop circuit between the heart and the lungs. It transports deoxygenated blood from the right
ventricle of the heart to capillaries within the lung for gas exchange.

Question:
3. artery
Answer:
transports blood away from the heart to tissues

Question:
4. vein
Answer:
a vessel that transports blood from the tissues to the heart

Question:
5. capillaries
Answer:
the fine-branching blood vessels where nutrient and waste product exchange between blood and tissue
takes place
-form a network between the arterioles and the venules
-network of single-layered vessels formed between arterioles and venules

Question:
6. arterioles
Answer:
important for maintaining steady blood pressure due to their vastness and their ability to vasoconstrict and
vasodilate. This ability controls which capillary beds blood is directed toward.
-smallest arterial branches that network w capillaries

Question:
7. venules
Answer:
collect blood from capillary beds and return blood to the heart using the venous network
-smallest venous branches that network with capillaries

,Question:
8. anastomosis
Answer:
is a network or a connection between multiple blood vessels. The network functions to ensure a continuous
blood supply to tissue if one vessel is blocked due to normal movements of the body or injury, disease, or
surgery. The network also means that blood can flow in both directions within these vessels.

Question:
9. elastic artery
Answer:
contain thick elastic tissue that allows distention and recoil of the vessel to accommodate pressure
flunctuations

Question:
10. muscular artery
Answer:
controls blood flow to organs by contracting or relaxing its smooth muscle layer

Question:
11. communicating vein
Answer:
directly connects superficial veins to deep veins

Question:
12. Why do you suppose the shoulder and knee joints have multiple anastomoses?
Answer:
these joints have a large range of motion and a higher risk of blockages occurring through injury, natural
anastomoses allow blood flow to these regions regardless of the range of motion being performed (ex
sleeping on one side can block blood flow in that shoulder, anastomoses still allow blood flow)

Question:
13. tunica
Answer:
layers of blood vessel walls

Question:
14. tunica intimia
Answer:
composed of an endothelium and a sub-endothelial layer that is made up of a thin, areolar connective tissue

Question:
15. tunica media
Answer:
the middle layer, which is composed of circularly-arranged smooth muscles. Vasoconstriction is achieved
by contracting this layer.

, Question:
16. tunica externa
Answer:
the outermost layer, and is composed of areolar connective tissue that contains elastic and collagen fivers.
This layer helps anchor the vessel to other structures.

Question:
17. features of arteries
Answer:
narrower lumen, retain circular shape in cross section, thick walls, very elastic, no valves, high pressure,
tunica media is thickest layer

Question:
18. features of veins
Answer:
wider, appear collapsed in cross section, thinner walls, elastic, has valves, low blood pressure, tunica
externa is thickest

Question:
19. electrocardiogram
Answer:
record of the electrical activity of the heart




Question:
20. sinoatrial node
Answer:
Pacemaker cells that propagates action potentials through muscle fibers of atria

Question:
21. atrioventricular node
Answer:
Electrical connection between atrial muscle and ventricular muscle, also serves as backup pacemaker.

Question:
22. cardiac cycle