PCC II EXAM 3 - HEART FAILURE AND HEART WALL
DEFECTS UPDATED ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS
Question:
1. What is heart failure (HF)?
Answer:
Complex clinical syndrome causing insufficient oxygenated blood delivery to tissues
Question:
2. What is a key feature of heart failure?
Answer:
Progressive disease requiring ongoing management
Question:
3. What is left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF)?
Answer:
Percentage of blood pumped out of the LV with each systole
Question:
4. What are primary causes of heart failure?
Answer:
Hypertension and coronary artery disease
Question:
5. What are common contributing causes of HF?
Answer:
Cardiomyopathy, congenital defects, MI, valve disorders, pulmonary HTN
Question:
6. What are precipitating causes of HF exacerbation?
Answer:
Anemia, infection, dysrhythmias, fluid overload, sleep apnea
Question:
7. What is left-sided heart failure?
Answer:
Failure of LV to pump or fill effectively causing pulmonary congestion
Question:
8. What is HFrEF?
Answer:
Systolic HF with LVEF < 40%
, Question:
9. What is HFpEF?
Answer:
Diastolic HF commonly caused by hypertension
Question:
10. What is right-sided heart failure?
Answer:
Failure of RV causing systemic venous congestion
Question:
11. What causes right-sided HF?
Answer:
Left HF, pulmonary HTN, obesity, diabetes
Question:
12. What are key HF clinical problems?
Answer:
Fatigue, fluid imbalance, impaired perfusion, respiratory dysfunction
Question:
13. What is acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF)?
Answer:
Sudden worsening of HF requiring hospitalization
Question:
14. What causes ADHF symptoms?
Answer:
Fluid and sodium retention leading to pulmonary congestion
Question:
15. What are ADHF symptoms?
Answer:
Tachypnea, SOB, “ PaO2, pulmonary edema
Question:
16. What are ADHF hemodynamic categories?
Answer:
Dry-warm, dry-cold, wet-warm, wet-cold
Question:
17. What are chronic HF manifestations?
Answer:
Fatigue, dyspnea, orthopnea, edema, nocturia, weight gain
DEFECTS UPDATED ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS
Question:
1. What is heart failure (HF)?
Answer:
Complex clinical syndrome causing insufficient oxygenated blood delivery to tissues
Question:
2. What is a key feature of heart failure?
Answer:
Progressive disease requiring ongoing management
Question:
3. What is left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF)?
Answer:
Percentage of blood pumped out of the LV with each systole
Question:
4. What are primary causes of heart failure?
Answer:
Hypertension and coronary artery disease
Question:
5. What are common contributing causes of HF?
Answer:
Cardiomyopathy, congenital defects, MI, valve disorders, pulmonary HTN
Question:
6. What are precipitating causes of HF exacerbation?
Answer:
Anemia, infection, dysrhythmias, fluid overload, sleep apnea
Question:
7. What is left-sided heart failure?
Answer:
Failure of LV to pump or fill effectively causing pulmonary congestion
Question:
8. What is HFrEF?
Answer:
Systolic HF with LVEF < 40%
, Question:
9. What is HFpEF?
Answer:
Diastolic HF commonly caused by hypertension
Question:
10. What is right-sided heart failure?
Answer:
Failure of RV causing systemic venous congestion
Question:
11. What causes right-sided HF?
Answer:
Left HF, pulmonary HTN, obesity, diabetes
Question:
12. What are key HF clinical problems?
Answer:
Fatigue, fluid imbalance, impaired perfusion, respiratory dysfunction
Question:
13. What is acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF)?
Answer:
Sudden worsening of HF requiring hospitalization
Question:
14. What causes ADHF symptoms?
Answer:
Fluid and sodium retention leading to pulmonary congestion
Question:
15. What are ADHF symptoms?
Answer:
Tachypnea, SOB, “ PaO2, pulmonary edema
Question:
16. What are ADHF hemodynamic categories?
Answer:
Dry-warm, dry-cold, wet-warm, wet-cold
Question:
17. What are chronic HF manifestations?
Answer:
Fatigue, dyspnea, orthopnea, edema, nocturia, weight gain
