Samenvatting Cheat Sheet Les 4-5: Celfysiologie van de synaps | Celfysiologie | KU Leuven | 2026-27

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Samenvatting Cheat Sheet Les 4-5: Celfysiologie van de synaps | Celfysiologie | KU Leuven | 2026-27

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Deze samenvatting bevat les 4-5 van Celfysiologie gegeven aan de 2de bachelor biomedische wetenschappen aan de KU Leuven. Het gaat over Celfysiologie van de synaps en bevat onderwerpen zoals de neuromusculaire synaps, de centrale synaps, eigenschappen van de centrale synaps, neurotransmitters, integratie van input, plasticiteit, etc.. Het is een compacte samenvatting, een soort van "Cheat Sheet" waarin de aller belangrijkste informatie staat geschreven. Ideaal voor als je wat te laat begint te studeren, of voor een snelle herhaling voor het examen.

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CHEAT SHEET LES 4-5: DE SYNAPS
1. Algemene Opbouw van een Synaps
Definitie
Functioneel contact tussen:
 neuron ↔ neuron
 neuron ↔ spier
 neuron ↔ kliercel

Bestaat uit:
1. Presynaptisch domein
2. Synaptische spleet
3. Postsynaptisch domein

2. Twee Types Synapsen
Elektrische synaps
 directe cytoplasmatische verbinding via gap junctions
 zeer snel
 bidirectioneel mogelijk

Chemische synaps
 neurotransmitter nodig
 tragere transmissie
 unidirectioneel
 meest voorkomend in CNS

3. Belangrijke Synapsbegrippen
Ionotroop
Receptor = ionkanaal

Eigenschappen
 snel
 milliseconden

Voorbeelden:
 nAChR
 AMPA-receptor
 GABA-A receptor

Metabotroop
GPCR

Eigenschappen

,  trager
 seconden tot minuten
 werkt via G-eiwitten

Voorbeelden:
 muscarinereceptoren
 GABA-B
 meeste serotoninereceptoren

4. Excitatie versus Inhibitie
Exciterende synaps
Depolarisatie
↓
EPSP
↓
meer kans op AP

Inhiberende synaps
Hyperpolarisatie of shunting
↓
IPSP
↓
minder kans op AP

5. Neuromusculaire Junctie (NMJ)
Neurotransmitter
Acetylcholine (ACh)

Postsynaptische receptor
Nicotinische acetylcholinereceptor (N1)

Resultaat
ACh
↓
EPP (End Plate Potential)
↓
Actiepotentiaal
↓
Contractie

6. Transmissie aan de NMJ
Presynaptisch
1. Synthese ACh via ChAT
2. Opslag in vesikels via VAChT
3. AP arriveert
4. Ca²⁺ influx via N-type CaV
5. Exocytose

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Study: Biomedische Wetenschappen
Uploaded on: August 31, 2026
Number of pages: 11
Written in: 2026/2027
Type: Summary

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de neuromusculaire synaps
de centrale synaps
neurotransmitters
integratie van input
plasticiteit
celfysiologie
biomedische wetenschappe
celfysiologie van de synaps
eigenschappen van de centrale synaps

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