RADIATION SAFETY AND RADIOBIOLOGY IN
MEDICAL IMAGING REVIEW PAPER 2026
COMPLETE QUESTIONS WITH EXPERT
SOLUTIONS AND MARKING SCHEME
◉ What is the entrance dose rate to the patient during
interventional procedures using high-level control fluoroscopy?
Answer: Higher entrance exposure rate.
◉ What is the cumulative effective dose (CumEfD) limit to the whole
body of an occupationally exposed person who is 46 years old?
Answer: 460 mSv.
◉ Which statement is true regarding medical imaging personnel and
their radiation exposure?
Answer: Medical imaging personnel hardly ever receive equivalent
doses that are close to the annual occupational effective dose limit.
◉ What does the ALARA concept adopt concerning ionizing
radiation?
Answer: Ionizing radiation and potential risk.
, ◉ What can the last image hold feature in digital fluoroscopy
systems do?
Answer: Be an effective dose reduction technique.
◉ Which of the following are involuntary motions that cannot be
willingly controlled?
Answer: All of the options (Chills, Tremors, Muscle spasms, Pain,
Active withdrawal).
◉ For what types of exposure may effective dose (EfD) limits be
specified?
Answer: All of the options (whole-body exposure, partial-body
exposure, exposure of individual organs).
◉ What trend has emerged regarding NCRP recommendations for
limits on exposure to ionizing radiation?
Answer: Create more rigorous radiation protection standards.
◉ Where must the control panel for technical exposure factors be
located?
Answer: Behind a suitable protective barrier that has a radiation-
absorbent window that permits observation of the patient during
any procedure.
MEDICAL IMAGING REVIEW PAPER 2026
COMPLETE QUESTIONS WITH EXPERT
SOLUTIONS AND MARKING SCHEME
◉ What is the entrance dose rate to the patient during
interventional procedures using high-level control fluoroscopy?
Answer: Higher entrance exposure rate.
◉ What is the cumulative effective dose (CumEfD) limit to the whole
body of an occupationally exposed person who is 46 years old?
Answer: 460 mSv.
◉ Which statement is true regarding medical imaging personnel and
their radiation exposure?
Answer: Medical imaging personnel hardly ever receive equivalent
doses that are close to the annual occupational effective dose limit.
◉ What does the ALARA concept adopt concerning ionizing
radiation?
Answer: Ionizing radiation and potential risk.
, ◉ What can the last image hold feature in digital fluoroscopy
systems do?
Answer: Be an effective dose reduction technique.
◉ Which of the following are involuntary motions that cannot be
willingly controlled?
Answer: All of the options (Chills, Tremors, Muscle spasms, Pain,
Active withdrawal).
◉ For what types of exposure may effective dose (EfD) limits be
specified?
Answer: All of the options (whole-body exposure, partial-body
exposure, exposure of individual organs).
◉ What trend has emerged regarding NCRP recommendations for
limits on exposure to ionizing radiation?
Answer: Create more rigorous radiation protection standards.
◉ Where must the control panel for technical exposure factors be
located?
Answer: Behind a suitable protective barrier that has a radiation-
absorbent window that permits observation of the patient during
any procedure.
