AMLS ACTUAL FINALS ANSWERS AND QUESTIONS
SET A+
✔✔A caregiver for a quadriplegic patient notes an onset of difficulty in breathing and
anxiousness in her patient. Further assessment shows a temperature of 101.2*F (38*C),
P 128, BP 86/68, and R 24. Physical exam shows the skin is warm and urine in the
catheter is dark yellow and cloudy. This patient is most likely experiencing what type of
shock? - ✔✔Septic
✔✔When assessing geriatric patients, infectious diseases are more difficult to identify
for all the following reasons EXCEPT: - ✔✔Heightened immune response is common
✔✔A local businesswoman has returned from missionary work in South Africa. She is
complaining of night sweats, chest discomfort, and a persistent cough for several
weeks. Which underlying diagnosis is most likely causing these symptoms? -
✔✔Tuberculosis
✔✔Healthcare providers are responding to a near-drowning at a local lake. The patient
is experiencing uncontrollable shivering and complains of nausea and weakness. The
patient had been treading water for 25 minutes and now presents with tachycardia and
rapid respirations. Core body temperature is 93.2*F (34*C). Which diagnosis is most
likely? - ✔✔Mild hypothermia
✔✔An elderly patient is receiving nursing care at home while recuperating from a recent
knee surgery. A post-operative infection developed, and the patient has been on
antibiotics for quite some time. She is complaining of a foul-smelling diarrhea, and
abdominal cramping and loss of appetite. On the basis of this presentation, the provider
should suspect: - ✔✔Clostridium difficile (C Diff)
✔✔A 20-year-old female presents with a 2-day history of dyspnea, nonproductive
cough, chest tightness, and audible wheezing. Further exam reveals no fever or stridor.
The patient has rapid respirations with difficulty exhaling. Which diagnosis is most
likely? - ✔✔Bronchiolitis
, ✔✔An elderly patient with a 1-week history of productive cough and wheezing notices
an increase in difficulty in breathing when grocery shopping. Further assessment
reveals pursed lip breathing, rhonchi, and minimal jugular vein distention. Which
diagnosis should should the healthcare provider suspect? - ✔✔COPD
✔✔A 50-year-old female has called 911. She complains of shortness of breath and
chest discomfort. Assessment reveals her skin is pale, moist, and cool. BP is 102/68, R
24, labored with crackles, P of 130 and regular. Which type of shock is most likely
occurring? - ✔✔Cardiogenic
✔✔ A 45-year-old patient is found supine on the floor. Healthcare providers note
pinpoint pupils, shallow respirations, and vomitus in and around the mouth. What course
of action should be taken next? - ✔✔Supplemental oxygen and suction
✔✔Patients with a history of COPD that present with an acute onset of shortness of
breath are likely to have which condition? - ✔✔Pulmonary embolism
✔✔During compensatory shock, the renin-angiotensine-aldosterone system is activated
to cause a/an: - ✔✔Increase in preload, afterload, and re-absorption of sodium
✔✔What clinical findings are most commonly associated with a pulmonary embolus? -
✔✔Clear breath sounds with tachypnea
✔✔What condition is most likely to cause respiratory acidosis? - ✔✔Narcotic overdose
✔✔A 55-year-old complains of an "aching" chest discomfort that persists over several
days. The patient has a temperature of 101*F (38.3*C). Which finding will help narrow
the diagnosis to pericarditis? - ✔✔ST-segment elevation in all leads
✔✔Anaphylaxis is most associated with which physiological event? - ✔✔Vasodilation
✔✔Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) is characterized by what pathologic
change? - ✔✔Breakdown of the alveolar-capillary membrane
✔✔Continuous positive airway pressure would be most beneficial in treating which
patient? - ✔✔A 22-year-old with severe asthma who is not responding to nebulizer
treatments
✔✔What is the initial treatment for a patient experiencing hyperosmolar hyperglycemic
nonketotic coma (HHNC)? - ✔✔Crystalloid IV fluid administration
✔✔Your patient has had a seizure secondary to a nerve agent exposure. What
medication would be best to diminish the seizure? - ✔✔Midazolam
SET A+
✔✔A caregiver for a quadriplegic patient notes an onset of difficulty in breathing and
anxiousness in her patient. Further assessment shows a temperature of 101.2*F (38*C),
P 128, BP 86/68, and R 24. Physical exam shows the skin is warm and urine in the
catheter is dark yellow and cloudy. This patient is most likely experiencing what type of
shock? - ✔✔Septic
✔✔When assessing geriatric patients, infectious diseases are more difficult to identify
for all the following reasons EXCEPT: - ✔✔Heightened immune response is common
✔✔A local businesswoman has returned from missionary work in South Africa. She is
complaining of night sweats, chest discomfort, and a persistent cough for several
weeks. Which underlying diagnosis is most likely causing these symptoms? -
✔✔Tuberculosis
✔✔Healthcare providers are responding to a near-drowning at a local lake. The patient
is experiencing uncontrollable shivering and complains of nausea and weakness. The
patient had been treading water for 25 minutes and now presents with tachycardia and
rapid respirations. Core body temperature is 93.2*F (34*C). Which diagnosis is most
likely? - ✔✔Mild hypothermia
✔✔An elderly patient is receiving nursing care at home while recuperating from a recent
knee surgery. A post-operative infection developed, and the patient has been on
antibiotics for quite some time. She is complaining of a foul-smelling diarrhea, and
abdominal cramping and loss of appetite. On the basis of this presentation, the provider
should suspect: - ✔✔Clostridium difficile (C Diff)
✔✔A 20-year-old female presents with a 2-day history of dyspnea, nonproductive
cough, chest tightness, and audible wheezing. Further exam reveals no fever or stridor.
The patient has rapid respirations with difficulty exhaling. Which diagnosis is most
likely? - ✔✔Bronchiolitis
, ✔✔An elderly patient with a 1-week history of productive cough and wheezing notices
an increase in difficulty in breathing when grocery shopping. Further assessment
reveals pursed lip breathing, rhonchi, and minimal jugular vein distention. Which
diagnosis should should the healthcare provider suspect? - ✔✔COPD
✔✔A 50-year-old female has called 911. She complains of shortness of breath and
chest discomfort. Assessment reveals her skin is pale, moist, and cool. BP is 102/68, R
24, labored with crackles, P of 130 and regular. Which type of shock is most likely
occurring? - ✔✔Cardiogenic
✔✔ A 45-year-old patient is found supine on the floor. Healthcare providers note
pinpoint pupils, shallow respirations, and vomitus in and around the mouth. What course
of action should be taken next? - ✔✔Supplemental oxygen and suction
✔✔Patients with a history of COPD that present with an acute onset of shortness of
breath are likely to have which condition? - ✔✔Pulmonary embolism
✔✔During compensatory shock, the renin-angiotensine-aldosterone system is activated
to cause a/an: - ✔✔Increase in preload, afterload, and re-absorption of sodium
✔✔What clinical findings are most commonly associated with a pulmonary embolus? -
✔✔Clear breath sounds with tachypnea
✔✔What condition is most likely to cause respiratory acidosis? - ✔✔Narcotic overdose
✔✔A 55-year-old complains of an "aching" chest discomfort that persists over several
days. The patient has a temperature of 101*F (38.3*C). Which finding will help narrow
the diagnosis to pericarditis? - ✔✔ST-segment elevation in all leads
✔✔Anaphylaxis is most associated with which physiological event? - ✔✔Vasodilation
✔✔Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) is characterized by what pathologic
change? - ✔✔Breakdown of the alveolar-capillary membrane
✔✔Continuous positive airway pressure would be most beneficial in treating which
patient? - ✔✔A 22-year-old with severe asthma who is not responding to nebulizer
treatments
✔✔What is the initial treatment for a patient experiencing hyperosmolar hyperglycemic
nonketotic coma (HHNC)? - ✔✔Crystalloid IV fluid administration
✔✔Your patient has had a seizure secondary to a nerve agent exposure. What
medication would be best to diminish the seizure? - ✔✔Midazolam
