WGU D426 V3 DATA MANAGEMENT
FOUNDATIONS FINAL EXAM PREP
1. Which of the following defines a relationship where an instance of one entity can be
associated with many instances of another entity, and vice versa?
A. Many-to-Many (M:N)
B. One-to-Many (1:M)
C. One-to-One (1:1)
D. Unary Relationship
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: A many-to-many (M:N) relationship exists when many instances
of entity A can relate to many instances of entity B, typically requiring a junction table in
logical design.
2. In the context of the Relational Model, what is a ‘Tuple’?
A. A column in a table
B. A unique identifier for a table
C. A row in a table
,D. A set of permitted values for an attribute
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: In relational database terminology, a tuple refers to a single row
in a table representing a single data record.
3. Which normal form is reached by removing transitive dependencies?
A. First Normal Form (1NF)
B. Second Normal Form (2NF)
C. Third Normal Form (3NF)
D. Boyce-Codd Normal Form (BCNF)
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: A table is in 3NF if it is in 2NF and all non-key attributes are not
transitively dependent on the primary key.
4. What is the purpose of a Foreign Key in a relational database?
A. To uniquely identify each record in its own table
B. To establish and enforce a link between data in two tables
C. To improve query performance through indexing
D. To ensure that every column has a unique value
Answer: B
, Conceptual Explanation: A Foreign Key is used to link two tables together and enforce
referential integrity between them.
5. Which SQL command is used to remove a table and its data entirely from the database?
A. DELETE
B. TRUNCATE
C. DROP
D. REMOVE
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: The DROP TABLE command removes the table structure, its
data, and associated indexes/constraints.
6. What does the ‘Atomic’ property of 1NF imply?
A. Every table must have a primary key
B. The database must be ACID compliant
C. Columns must contain only single, indivisible values
D. Calculated values should be stored in the table
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: First Normal Form requires that all attributes contain atomic
values, meaning no multi-valued attributes or repeating groups.
FOUNDATIONS FINAL EXAM PREP
1. Which of the following defines a relationship where an instance of one entity can be
associated with many instances of another entity, and vice versa?
A. Many-to-Many (M:N)
B. One-to-Many (1:M)
C. One-to-One (1:1)
D. Unary Relationship
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: A many-to-many (M:N) relationship exists when many instances
of entity A can relate to many instances of entity B, typically requiring a junction table in
logical design.
2. In the context of the Relational Model, what is a ‘Tuple’?
A. A column in a table
B. A unique identifier for a table
C. A row in a table
,D. A set of permitted values for an attribute
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: In relational database terminology, a tuple refers to a single row
in a table representing a single data record.
3. Which normal form is reached by removing transitive dependencies?
A. First Normal Form (1NF)
B. Second Normal Form (2NF)
C. Third Normal Form (3NF)
D. Boyce-Codd Normal Form (BCNF)
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: A table is in 3NF if it is in 2NF and all non-key attributes are not
transitively dependent on the primary key.
4. What is the purpose of a Foreign Key in a relational database?
A. To uniquely identify each record in its own table
B. To establish and enforce a link between data in two tables
C. To improve query performance through indexing
D. To ensure that every column has a unique value
Answer: B
, Conceptual Explanation: A Foreign Key is used to link two tables together and enforce
referential integrity between them.
5. Which SQL command is used to remove a table and its data entirely from the database?
A. DELETE
B. TRUNCATE
C. DROP
D. REMOVE
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: The DROP TABLE command removes the table structure, its
data, and associated indexes/constraints.
6. What does the ‘Atomic’ property of 1NF imply?
A. Every table must have a primary key
B. The database must be ACID compliant
C. Columns must contain only single, indivisible values
D. Calculated values should be stored in the table
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: First Normal Form requires that all attributes contain atomic
values, meaning no multi-valued attributes or repeating groups.
