NUR 210 PHARMACOLOGY FINAL
EXAM V1–V3
1. A client receiving digoxin for heart failure reports seeing yellow-green halos around lights.
Which laboratory value should the nurse prioritize?
A. Sodium 135 mEq/L
B. Potassium 2.8 mEq/L
C. Calcium 9.5 mg/dL
D. Digoxin level 0.8 ng/mL
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: Hypokalemia (low potassium) significantly increases the risk of
digoxin toxicity, which is characterized by visual disturbances like yellow-green halos.
2. Which mechanism best describes the action of ACE inhibitors such as lisinopril?
A. Blocking calcium entry into vascular smooth muscle
B. Antagonizing beta-1 receptors in the myocardium
C. Preventing the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II
D. Promoting the direct excretion of potassium
,Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: ACE inhibitors block the Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme,
preventing the conversion of Angiotensin I to the potent vasoconstrictor Angiotensin II.
3. A client is prescribed Warfarin for atrial fibrillation. Which medication should the nurse
ensure is available as an antidote?
A. Protamine sulfate
B. Naloxone
C. Vitamin K
D. Flumazenil
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: Vitamin K is the specific antidote used to reverse the effects of
warfarin. Protamine sulfate is for heparin, naloxone for opioids, and flumazenil for
benzodiazepines.
4. A client undergoing treatment for tuberculosis is prescribed Rifampin. What information is
most important for the nurse to include in patient teaching?
A. Expect your urine and sweat to turn an orange-red color
B. This medication may cause permanent hearing loss
C. Avoid all dairy products while taking this medication
D. Stop the medication as soon as your symptoms resolve
, Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: Rifampin causes a harmless reddish-orange discoloration of
urine, sweat, tears, and saliva. Patients should be warned to avoid panic.
5. The nurse is preparing to administer Lithium to a client with bipolar disorder. Which serum
level would indicate the client is within the therapeutic range?
A. 0.6 - 1.2 mEq/L
B. 0.2 - 0.5 mEq/L
C. 1.5 - 2.0 mEq/L
D. 2.5 - 3.5 mEq/L
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: The standard therapeutic range for lithium is 0.6 to 1.2 mEq/L.
Levels above 1.5 mEq/L are considered toxic.
6. What is the primary purpose of administering Protamine Sulfate?
A. To reverse the effects of Enoxaparin only
B. To treat iron deficiency anemia
C. To manage hypertensive crisis
D. To reverse the effects of Heparin
Answer: D
EXAM V1–V3
1. A client receiving digoxin for heart failure reports seeing yellow-green halos around lights.
Which laboratory value should the nurse prioritize?
A. Sodium 135 mEq/L
B. Potassium 2.8 mEq/L
C. Calcium 9.5 mg/dL
D. Digoxin level 0.8 ng/mL
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: Hypokalemia (low potassium) significantly increases the risk of
digoxin toxicity, which is characterized by visual disturbances like yellow-green halos.
2. Which mechanism best describes the action of ACE inhibitors such as lisinopril?
A. Blocking calcium entry into vascular smooth muscle
B. Antagonizing beta-1 receptors in the myocardium
C. Preventing the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II
D. Promoting the direct excretion of potassium
,Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: ACE inhibitors block the Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme,
preventing the conversion of Angiotensin I to the potent vasoconstrictor Angiotensin II.
3. A client is prescribed Warfarin for atrial fibrillation. Which medication should the nurse
ensure is available as an antidote?
A. Protamine sulfate
B. Naloxone
C. Vitamin K
D. Flumazenil
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: Vitamin K is the specific antidote used to reverse the effects of
warfarin. Protamine sulfate is for heparin, naloxone for opioids, and flumazenil for
benzodiazepines.
4. A client undergoing treatment for tuberculosis is prescribed Rifampin. What information is
most important for the nurse to include in patient teaching?
A. Expect your urine and sweat to turn an orange-red color
B. This medication may cause permanent hearing loss
C. Avoid all dairy products while taking this medication
D. Stop the medication as soon as your symptoms resolve
, Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: Rifampin causes a harmless reddish-orange discoloration of
urine, sweat, tears, and saliva. Patients should be warned to avoid panic.
5. The nurse is preparing to administer Lithium to a client with bipolar disorder. Which serum
level would indicate the client is within the therapeutic range?
A. 0.6 - 1.2 mEq/L
B. 0.2 - 0.5 mEq/L
C. 1.5 - 2.0 mEq/L
D. 2.5 - 3.5 mEq/L
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: The standard therapeutic range for lithium is 0.6 to 1.2 mEq/L.
Levels above 1.5 mEq/L are considered toxic.
6. What is the primary purpose of administering Protamine Sulfate?
A. To reverse the effects of Enoxaparin only
B. To treat iron deficiency anemia
C. To manage hypertensive crisis
D. To reverse the effects of Heparin
Answer: D
