Written by students who passed Immediately available after payment Read online or as PDF Wrong document? Swap it for free 4.6 TrustPilot
logo-home
logo
  • Maternal-Child Nursing
  • Maternal-Child Nursing
To add items to your wishlist, you must be logged in
Document preview thumbnail
Preview 4 out of 854 pages
Exam (elaborations)

Testbank - Maternal-Child Nursing 5th Edition by Slone McKinney (All Chapters 1-55) Complete Test Bank with Verified Answers

0.0
(0 reviews)
- sold
854 pages
2026/2027 Written for academic year
Institution Maternal-Child Nursing
Course Maternal-Child Nursing
Document preview thumbnail
Preview 4 out of 854 pages

TEST BANK FOR MATERNAL-CHILD NURSING 5TH EDITION BY MCKINNEY, JAMES, MURRAY, NELSON, ASHWILL Chapter 1: Foundations of Maternity, Women’s Health, and Child Health Nursing Chapter 2: The Nurse’s Role in Maternity, Women’s Health, and Pediatric Nursing Chapter 3: The Childbearing and Child-Rearing Family Chapter 4: Communicating with Children and Families Chapter 5: Health Promotion for the Developing Child Chapter 6: Health Promotion for the Infant Chapter 7: Health Promotion During Early Childhood Chapter 8: Health Promotion for the School-Age Child Chapter 9: Health Promotion for the Adolescent Chapter 10: Heredity and Environmental Influences on Development Chapter 11: Reproductive Anatomy and Physiology Chapter 12: Conception and Prenatal Development Chapter 13: Adaptations to Pregnancy Chapter 14: Nutrition for Childbearing Chapter 15: Prenatal Diagnostic Tests Chapter 16: Giving Birth Chapter 17: Intrapartum Fetal Surveillance Chapter 18: Pain Management for Childbirth Chapter 19: Nursing Care During Obstetric Procedures Chapter 20: Postpartum Adaptations Chapter 21: The Normal Newborn: Adaptation and Assessment Chapter 22: The Normal Newborn: Nursing Care Chapter 23: Newborn Feeding Chapter 24: The Childbearing Family with Special Needs Chapter 25: Pregnancy-Related Complications Chapter 26: Concurrent Disorders During Pregnancy Chapter 27: The Woman with an Intrapartum Complication Chapter 28: The Woman with a Postpartum Complication Chapter 29: The High-Risk Newborn: Problems Related to Gestational Age and Development Chapter 30: The High-Risk Newborn: Acquired and Congenital Conditions Chapter 31: Management of Fertility and Infertility Chapter 32: Women’s Health Care Chapter 33: Physical Assessment of Children Chapter 34: Emergency Care of the Child Chapter 35: The III Child in the Hospital and Other Care Settings Chapter 36: The Child with a Chronic Condition or Terminal Illness Chapter 37: Principles and Procedures for Nursing Care of Children Chapter 38: Medication Administration and Safety for Infants and Children Chapter 39: Pain Management for Children Chapter 40: The Child with a Fluid and Electrolyte Alteration Chapter 41: The Child with an Infectious Disease Chapter 42: The Child with an Immunologic Alteration Chapter 43: The Child with a Gastrointestinal Alteration Chapter 44: The Child with a Genitourinary Alteration Chapter 45: The Child with a Respiratory Alteration Chapter 46: The Child with a Cardiovascular Alteration Chapter 47: The Child with a Hematologic Alteration Chapter 48: The Child with Cancer Chapter 49: The Child with an Alteration in Tissue Integrity Chapter 50: The Child with a Musculoskeletal Alteration Chapter 51: The Child with an Endocrine or Metabolic Alteration Chapter 52: The Child with a Neurologic Alteration Chapter 53: Psychosocial Problems in Children and Families Chapter 54: The Child with a Developmental Disability Chapter 55: The Child with a Sensory Alteration Chapter 01: Foundations of Maternity, Women’s Health, and Child Health Nursing McKinney: Evolve Resources for Maternal-Child Nursing, 5th Edition MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. Which factor significantly contributed to the shift from home births to hospital birthsin the early 20th century? a. Puerperal sepsis was identified as a risk factor in labor and delivery. b. Forceps were developed to facilitate difficult births. c. The importance of early parental-infant contact was identified. d. Technologic developments became available to physicians. ANS: D Technologic developments were available to physicians, not lay midwives. So in-hospital births increased in order to take advantage of these advancements. Puerperal sepsis has been a known problem for generations. In the late 19th century, Semmelweis discovered how it could be prevented with improved hygienic practices. The development of forceps is an example of a technology advance made in the early 20th century but is not the only reason birthplaces moved. Unlike home births, early hospital births hindered bonding between parents and their infants. PTS: 1 DIF: CognitiveLevel:Knowledge/Remembering REF: p. 1 OBJ: Integrated Process: Teaching-Learning MSC: Client Needs: Safe and Effective Care Environment 2. Family-centered maternity care developed in response to a. demands by physicians for family involvement in childbirth. b. the Sheppard-Towner Act of 1921. c. parental requests that infants be allowed to remain with them rather than in a nursery. d. changes in pharmacologic management of labor. ANS: C As research began to identify the benefits of early extended parent-infant contact, parents began to insist that the infant remain with them. This gradually developed into the practice of rooming-in and finally to family-centered maternity care. Family-centered care was a request by parents, not physicians. The Sheppard-Towner Act of 1921 provided funds for state-managed programs for mothers and children. The changes in pharmacologic management of labor were not a factor in family-centered maternity care. PTS: 1 DIF: CognitiveLevel:Knowledge/Remembering REF: p. 2 OBJ: Integrated Process: Teaching-Learning MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity 3. Which setting for childbirth allows the least amount of parent-infant contact? a. Labor/delivery/recovery/postpartum room b. Birth center c. Traditional hospital birth d. Home birth . ANS: C In the traditional hospital setting, the mother may see the infant for only short feeding periods, and the infant is cared for in a separate nursery. The labor/delivery/recovery/postpartum room setting allows increased parent-infant contact. Birth centers are set up to allow an increase in parent-infant contact. Home births allow an increase in parent-infant contact. PTS: 1 DIF: CognitiveLevel:Knowledge/Remembering REF: p. 2 OBJ: Nursing Process:Planning MSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance 4. As a result of changes in health care delivery and funding, a current trend seen in the pediatric setting is a. increased hospitalization of children. b. decreased number of children living in poverty. c. an increase in ambulatory care. d. decreased use of managed care. ANS: C One effect of managed care has been that pediatric health care delivery has shifted dramatically from the acute care setting to the ambulatory setting in order to provide more cost-efficient care. The number of hospital beds being used has decreased as more care is given in outpatient settings and in the home. The number of children living in poverty has increased over the past decade. One of the biggest changes in health care has been the growth of managed care. PTS: 1 DIF: CognitiveLevel:Knowledge/Remembering REF: p. 5 OBJ: Nursing Process:Planning MSC: Client Needs: Safe and Effective Care Environment 5. The Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) program provides a. well-child examinations for infants and children living at the poverty level. b. immunizations for high-risk infants and children. c. screening for infants with developmental disorders. d. supplemental food supplies to low-income pregnant or breastfeeding women. ANS: D WIC is a federal program that provides supplemental food supplies to low-income women who are pregnant or breastfeeding and to their children until age 5 years. Medicaid’s Early and Periodic Screening, Diagnosis, and Treatment Program provides for well-child examinations and for treatment of any medical problems diagnosed during such checkups. Children in the WIC program are often referred for immunizations, but that is not the primary focus of the program. Public Law 99-457 is part of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act that provides financial incentives to states to establish comprehensive early intervention services for infants and toddlers with, or at risk for, developmental disabilities. PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension OBJ: Integrated Process:Teaching-Learning MSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance REF: p. 8 6. In most states, adolescents who are not emancipated minors must have the permission of their parents before . a. treatment for drug abuse. b. treatment for sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). c. accessing birth control. d. surgery. ANS: D Minors are not considered capable of giving informed consent, so a surgical procedure would require consent of the parent or guardian. Exceptions exist for obtaining treatment for drug abuse or STDs or for getting birth control in most states. PTS: 1 DIF: CognitiveLevel:Knowledge/Remembering REF: p. 17 OBJ: Nursing Process:Planning MSC: Client Needs: Safe and Effective Care Environment 7. The maternity nurse should have a clear understanding of the correct use of a clinical pathway. One characteristic of clinical pathways is that they a. are developed and implemented by nurses. b. are used primarily in the pediatric setting. c. set specific time lines for sequencing interventions. d. are part of the nursing process. ANS: C Clinical pathways are standardized, interdisciplinary plans of care devised for patients with a particular health problem. They are used to identify patient outcomes, specify time linesto achieve those outcomes, direct appropriate interventions and sequencing of interventions, include interventions from a variety of disciplines, promote collaboration, and involve a comprehensive approach to care. They are developed by multiple health care professionals and reflect interdisciplinary care. They can be used in multiple settings and for patients throughout the life span. They are not part of the nursing process but can be used in conjunction with the nursing process to provide care to patients. PTS: 1 DIF: CognitiveLevel:Knowledge/Remembering REF: p. 7 OBJ: Nursing Process:Planning MSC: Client Needs: Safe and Effective Care Environment 8. The fastest growing group of homeless people is a. men and women preparing for retirement. b. migrant workers. c. single women and their children. d. intravenous (IV) substance abusers. ANS: C Pregnancy and birth, especially for a teenager, are important contributing factors for becoming homeless. People preparing for retirement, migrant workers, and IV substance abusers are not among the fastest growing groups of homeless people. PTS: 1 DIF: CognitiveLevel:Knowledge/Remembering REF: p. 14 OBJ: Nursing Process: Assessment MSC: Client Needs: Physiologic Integrity . 9. A nurse wishes to work to reduce infant mortality in the United States. Which activitywould this nurse most likely participate in? a. Creating pamphlets in several different languages using an interpreter. b. Assisting women to enroll in Medicaid by their third trimester. c. Volunteering to provide prenatal care at community centers. d. Working as an intake counselor at a women’s shelter. ANS: C Prenatal care is vital to reducing infant mortality and medical costs. This nurse would most likely participate in community service providing prenatal care outreach activities in community centers, particularly in low-income areas. Pamphlets in other languages, enrolling in Medicaid, and working at a women’s shelter all might impact infant mortality, but the greatest effect would be from assisting women to get consistent prenatal care. PTS: 1 DIF: CognitiveLevel:Application/Applying REF: p. 14 OBJ: Nursing Process: Implementation MSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance 10. The intrapartum woman sees no need for a routine admission fetal monitoring strip. If she continues to refuse, what is the first action the nurse should take? a. Consult the family of the woman. b. Notify the provider of the situation. c. Document the woman’s refusal in the nurse’s notes. d. Make a referral to the hospital ethics committee. ANS: B Patients must be allowed to make choices voluntarily without undue influence or coercion from others. The physician, especially if unaware of the patient’s decision, should be notified immediately. Both professionals can work to ensure the mother understands the rationale for the action and the possible consequences of refusal. The woman herself is the decision maker, unless incapacitated. Documentation should occur but is not the first action. This situation does not rise to the level of an ethical issue so there is no reason to call the ethics committee. PTS: 1 DIF: CognitiveLevel:Application/Applying REF: p. 18 OBJ: Nursing Process: Implementation MSC: Client Needs: Safe and Effective Care Environment 11. Which statement is true regarding the “quality assurance” or “incident” report? a. The report assures the legal department that no problem exists. b. Reports are a permanent part of the patient’s chart. c. The nurse’s notes should contain, “Incident report filed, and copy placed in chart.” d. This report is a form of documentation of an event that may result in legal action. ANS: D An incident report is used when something occurs that might result in legal action, such as a patient fall or medication error. It warns the legal department that there may be a problem in a particular patient’s care. Incident reports are not part of the patient’s chart; thus the nurses’ notes should not contain any reference to them. PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge/Remembering REF: p. 18 OBJ: Integrated Process: Communication and Documentation . MSC: Client Needs: Safe and Effective Care Environment 12. Elective abortion is considered an ethical issue because a. abortion law is unclear about a woman’s constitutional rights. b. the Supreme Court ruled that life begins at conception. c. a conflict exists between the rights of the... Complete Test Bank Chapter 1-55

Content preview

Test Bank for Maternal-Child Nursing 5th Edition Slone McKinney

Chapter 01: Foundations of Maternity, Women’s Health, and Child Health Nursing
McKinney: Evolve Resources for Maternal-Child Nursing, 5th Edition


MULTIPLE CHOICE ry




1. Which factor significantly contributed to the shift from home births to hospital births in the
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry



early 20th century? ry ry



a. Puerperal sepsis was identified as a risk factor in labor and delivery. ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry



b. Forceps were developed to facilitate difficult births. ry ry ry ry ry ry



c. The importance of early parental-infant contact was identified.
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry



d. Technologic developments became available to physicians. ry ry ry ry ry




ANS: D r y



Technologic developments were available to physicians, not lay midwives. So in-
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry



hospital births increased in order to take advantage of these advancements. Puerperal sepsis has
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry r



been a known problem for generations. In the late 19th century, Semmelweis discovered how it
y ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry



could be prevented with improved hygienic practices. The development of forceps is an exampl
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry



e of a technology advance made in the early 20th century but is not the only reason birthplaces
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry



moved. Unlike home births, early hospital births hindered bonding between parents and their in
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry



fants.

PTS: 1 DIF:
r y



Cognitive Level: Knowledge/Remembering REF: ry ry ry r



yp. 1 ry OBJ: Integrated Process: Teaching- r y ry ry



Learning MSC: Client Needs: Safe and Effective Care Environment
ry r y ry ry ry ry ry ry




2. Family-centered maternity care developed in response to ry ry ry ry ry ry



a. demands by physicians for family involvement in childbirth. ry ry ry ry ry ry ry



b. the Sheppard-Towner Act of 1921. ry ry ry ry



c. parental requests that infants be allowed to remain with them rather than in a
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry



nursery.
d. changes in pharmacologic management of labor. ry ry ry ry ry




ANS: C r y



As research began to identify the benefits of early extended parent-
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry



infant contact, parents began to insist that the infant remain with them. This gradually develope
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry



d into the practice of rooming-in and finally to family-centered maternity care. Family-
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry



centered care was a request by parents, not physicians. The Sheppard-
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry



Towner Act of 1921 provided funds for ry ry ry ry ry ry



state-
managed programs for mothers and children. The changes in pharmacologic management
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry r



of labor were not a factor in family-centered maternity care.
y ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry




PTS: 1 DIF:
r y



Cognitive Level: Knowledge/Remembering REF: ry ry ry r



yp. 2 ry OBJ: Integrated Process: Teaching- r y ry ry



Learning MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
ry r y ry ry ry




3. Which setting for childbirth allows the least amount of parent-infant contact?
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry



a. Labor/delivery/recovery/postpartum room ry

, b. Birth center ry



c. Traditional hospital birth ry ry



d. Home birth ry




ANS: C r y



In the traditional hospital setting, the mother may see the infant for only short feeding periods, a
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry



nd the infant is cared for in a separate nursery. The labor/delivery/recovery/postpartum room se
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry



tting allows increased parent- ry ry ry



infant contact. Birth centers are set up to allow an increase in parent-
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry



infant contact. Home births allow an increase in parent-infant contact.
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry




PTS: 1 DIF: r y



Cognitive Level: Knowledge/Remembering REF: ry ry ry r



yp. 2 OBJ: Nursing Process: Planning
ry r y ry ry



MSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
r y ry ry ry ry ry




4. As a result of changes in health care delivery and funding, a current trend seen in the pediatric se
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry



tting is ry



a. increased hospitalization of children. ry ry ry



b. decreased number of children living in poverty. ry ry ry ry ry ry



c. an increase in ambulatory care. ry ry ry ry



d. decreased use of managed care. ry ry ry ry




ANS: C r y



One effect of managed care has been that pediatric health care delivery has shifted dramaticall
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry



y from the acute care setting to the ambulatory setting in order to provide more cost-
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry



efficient care. The number of hospital beds being used has decreased as more care is given in o
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry



utpatient settings and in the home. The number of children living in poverty has increased over
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry



the past decade. One of the biggest changes in health care has been the growth of managed care
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry



.

PTS: 1 DIF: r y



Cognitive Level: Knowledge/Remembering REF: ry ry ry r



yp. 5 OBJ: Nursing Process: Planning
ry r y ry ry



MSC: Client Needs: Safe and Effective Care Environment
r y ry ry ry ry ry ry




5. The Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) program provides
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry



a. well-child examinations for infants and children living at the poverty level. ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry



b. immunizations for high-risk infants and children. ry ry ry ry ry



c. screening for infants with developmental disorders. ry ry ry ry ry



d. supplemental food supplies to low-income pregnant or breastfeeding women. ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry




ANS: D r y



WIC is a federal program that provides supplemental food supplies to low-
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry



income women who are pregnant or breastfeeding and to their children until age 5 years. Medic
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry



aid’s Early and Periodic Screening, Diagnosis, and Treatment Program provides for well-
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry



child examinations and for treatment of any medical problems diagnosed during such checkups
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry



. Children in the WIC program are often referred for immunizations, but that is not the primary
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry



focus of the program. Public Law 99- ry ry ry ry ry ry



457 is part of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act that provides financial incentives t
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry



o states to establish comprehensive early intervention services for infants and toddlers with, or
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry



at risk for, developmental disabilities.
ry ry ry ry




PTS: 1 r y DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension ry ry

, REF: p. 8 OBJ: Integrated Process: Teaching-
r y ry ry r y ry ry



Learning
MSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
r y ry ry ry ry ry




6. In most states, adolescents who are not emancipated minors must have the permission of their p
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry



arents before
ry




TestBankWorld.org

, a. treatment for drug abuse. ry ry ry



b. treatment for sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). ry ry ry ry ry



c. accessing birth control. ry ry



d. surgery.
ANS: D r y



Minors are not considered capable of giving informed consent, so a surgical procedure would re
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry



quire consent of the parent or guardian. Exceptions exist for obtaining treatment for drug abuse
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry



or STDs or for getting birth control in most states.
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry




PTS: 1 DIF:
r y



Cognitive Level: Knowledge/Remembering REF: ry ry ry r



yp. 17 ry OBJ: Nursing Process: Planning r y ry ry



MSC: Client Needs: Safe and Effective Care Environment
r y ry ry ry ry ry ry




7. The maternity nurse should have a clear understanding of the correct use of a clinical p
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry



athway. One characteristic of clinical pathways is that they
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry



a. are developed and implemented by nurses.
ry ry ry ry ry



b. are used primarily in the pediatric setting.
ry ry ry ry ry ry



c. set specific time lines for sequencing interventions.
ry ry ry ry ry ry



d. are part of the nursing process. ry ry ry ry ry




ANS: C r y



Clinical pathways are standardized, interdisciplinary plans of care devised for patients with a p
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry



articular health problem. They are used to identify patient outcomes, specify time lines to achi
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry



eve those outcomes, direct appropriate interventions and sequencing of interventions, include
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry



interventions from a variety of disciplines, promote collaboration, and involve a comprehensi
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry



ve approach to care. They are developed by multiple health care professionals and reflect inter
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry



disciplinary care. They can be used in multiple settings and for patients throughout the life spa
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry



n. They are not part of the nursing process but can be used in conjunction with the nursing pro
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry



cess to provide care to patients.
ry ry ry ry ry




PTS: 1 DIF:
r y



Cognitive Level: Knowledge/Remembering REF: ry ry ry r



yp. 7 ry OBJ: Nursing Process: Planning r y ry ry



MSC: Client Needs: Safe and Effective Care Environment
r y ry ry ry ry ry ry




8. The fastest growing group of homeless people is
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry



a. men and women preparing for retirement. ry ry ry ry ry



b. migrant workers. ry



c. single women and their children. ry ry ry ry



d. intravenous (IV) substance abusers. ry ry ry




ANS: C r y



Pregnancy and birth, especially for a teenager, are important contributing factors for becoming home
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry



less. People preparing for retirement, migrant workers, and IV substance abusers are not among the
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry



fastest growing groups of homeless people.
ry ry ry ry ry




PTS: 1 DIF:
r y



Cognitive Level: Knowledge/Remembering REF: ry ry ry r



yp. 14 ry OBJ: Nursing Process: Assessment r y ry ry



MSC: Client Needs: Physiologic Integrity
r y ry ry ry
Connected book
image
Emily Slone McKinney, Susan R. James, Sharon Smith Murray, Kristine Nelson, Jean Ashwill Maternal-child Nursing
Publisher: 2017 ISBN: 9780323401708 Edition: Unknown

Document information

Uploaded on
August 30, 2026
Number of pages
854
Written in
2026/2027
Type
Exam (elaborations)
Contains
Questions & answers
Report Copyright Violation
$2,100.99
Wrong document? Swap it for free Within 14 days of purchase and before downloading, you can choose a different document. You can simply spend the amount again.
Written by students who passed
Immediately available after payment
Read online or as PDF
Seller avatar
Reputation scores are based on the amount of documents a seller has sold for a fee and the reviews they have received for those documents. There are three levels: Bronze, Silver and Gold. The better the reputation, the more your can rely on the quality of the sellers work.
SkilledTeacher
5.0
(1)
Sold
19
Followers
3
Items
492
Last sold
3 days ago

Browse related subjects

Subjects

Why students choose Stuvia

Created by fellow students, verified by reviews

Quality you can trust: written by students who passed their tests and reviewed by others who've used these notes.

Didn't get what you expected? Choose another document

No worries! You can instantly pick a different document that better fits what you're looking for.

Pay as you like, start learning right away

No subscription, no commitments. Pay the way you're used to via credit card and download your PDF document instantly.

Student with book image

“Bought, downloaded, and aced it. It really can be that simple.”

Alisha Student

Working on your references?

Create accurate citations in APA, MLA and Harvard with our free citation generator.

Learn more Create citation
Working on your references?

Frequently asked questions