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LOCAL ANESTHESIA FOR DENTAL PROFESSIONALS CHAPTER 21 UPDATED ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS

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LOCAL ANESTHESIA FOR DENTAL PROFESSIONALS CHAPTER 21 UPDATED ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS

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LOCAL ANESTHESIA FOR DENTAL
PROFESSIONALS CHAPTER 21 UPDATED
ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS

◉ Horace Wells.
Answer: A dentist known as the 'Nitrous Oxide Pioneer'. He
practiced himself 'Father of anesthesia'.


◉ Albert Niemann and Francesco Di Stefano (1860s).
Answer: Isolated cocaine from coca leaves.


◉ Karl Koller (1884).
Answer: First to use cocaine clinically for ophthalmic surgery.


◉ Nils Lofgren (1943).
Answer: Synthesized Lidocaine, which remains the most popular
anesthetic in the US.


◉ Rusching (1969).
Answer: Prepared Articaine (available in the US in 2000).

, ◉ Dr. Henry Beecher (WWII).
Answer: Observed wounded soldiers and inferred that clinical pain
is a compound of physical sensation and a cognitive/emotional
reaction.


◉ Pain.
Answer: An unpleasant sensory and emotional experience.


◉ Pain perception.
Answer: Sensation of discomfort ranging from mild to severe.


◉ Pain threshold.
Answer: Point at which a sensation starts to be painful and
discomfort results.


◉ Pain reaction.
Answer: Personal interpretation and responses to the pain message
- highly variable.


◉ Signs of dental anxiety - Physical.
Answer: Cold, sweaty palms; high blood pressure/pulse; muscle
tightness, 'white knuckle syndrome' perspiration on the forehead.

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