NUR 114 Nursing Fundamentals Comprehensive Final … 2026/2027 • Verified • Assured Grade A+
✓ VERIFIED • 2026/2027 UPDATE • 100% ACCURATE
NUR 114 Nursing Fundamentals Comprehensive Final Prep
2026/2027 UPDATE
ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS & VERIFIED ANSWERS
with Clear, Detailed Rationales
Document Type: Exam (Elaborations) / Study Guide
Academic Year:
Total Questions: 50 Multiple Choice
Includes: Correct Answers + Rationales
Grade: A+ Assured
ASSURED GRADE A+
Exam (Elaborations) • Detailed Rationales Page 1
,NUR 114 Nursing Fundamentals Comprehensive Final … 2026/2027 • Verified • Assured Grade A+
Questions & Verified Answers
1. A nurse is caring for a patient with a pressure injury that has full-thickness skin loss
involving damage to the subcutaneous tissue, but does not extend through the underlying
fascia. How should the nurse document this?
A. Stage 2 Pressure Injury
B. Stage 3 Pressure Injury
C. Stage 4 Pressure Injury
D. Unstageable Pressure Injury
Answer: B
Rationale: Stage 3 involves full-thickness skin loss with damage to subcutaneous tissue. Stage 2 is
partial-thickness, and Stage 4 involves exposed bone, tendon, or muscle. Remembering this point will
help you decide the best nursing action when similar questions appear on the exam. Link the answer
to the client’s current condition and risk level. This is important because the nurse must choose the
action that keeps the client safest while still meeting their basic needs. Always think about safety first
when answering these questions.
2. When interpreting arterial blood gas (ABG) results, a nurse notes a pH of 7.30, a PaCO2 of
50 mmHg, and a HCO3 of 24 mEq/L. Which condition does this indicate?
A. Metabolic Acidosis
B. Metabolic Alkalosis
C. Respiratory Alkalosis
D. Respiratory Acidosis
Answer: D
Rationale: A low pH (under 7.35) indicates acidosis. An elevated PaCO2 (over 45 mmHg) with a
normal bicarbonate indicates the cause is respiratory. This knowledge supports safe care and helps
the nurse teach the client and family clearly and simply. Clear teaching improves cooperation and
reduces anxiety. This knowledge supports safe care and helps the nurse teach the client and family
clearly and simply. Clear teaching improves cooperation and reduces anxiety.
Exam (Elaborations) • Detailed Rationales Page 2
, NUR 114 Nursing Fundamentals Comprehensive Final … 2026/2027 • Verified • Assured Grade A+
3. The nurse is applying the principle of Beneficence. Which action best exemplifies this?
A. Answering a client’s questions honestly regarding a prognosis.
B. Providing the same level of care to all clients regardless of status.
C. Ensuring the client signs an informed consent before surgery.
D. Implementing a turning schedule to prevent skin breakdown in an immobile patient.
Answer: D
Rationale: Beneficence refers to taking positive actions to help others. Preventing skin breakdown is
an act of doing good for the patient. This is important because the nurse must choose the action that
keeps the client safest while still meeting their basic needs. Always think about safety first when
answering these questions. Understanding this helps the nurse notice early warning signs and act
before the problem gets worse. Early action often prevents bigger complications for the client.
4. A client is diagnosed with hypokalemia. Which electrocardiogram (ECG) change should
the nurse monitor for?
A. Tall, peaked T waves
B. Shortened ST segment
C. Widened QRS complex
D. Prominent U waves
Answer: D
Rationale: Hypokalemia is associated with the presence of U waves, ST-segment depression, and
flattened T waves. Peaked T waves are seen in hyperkalemia. Understanding this helps the nurse
notice early warning signs and act before the problem gets worse. Early action often prevents bigger
complications for the client. In practice, this guides the nurse to set priorities and protect the client from
harm. Safety, nutrition, and clear communication are frequent priorities.
Exam (Elaborations) • Detailed Rationales Page 3
✓ VERIFIED • 2026/2027 UPDATE • 100% ACCURATE
NUR 114 Nursing Fundamentals Comprehensive Final Prep
2026/2027 UPDATE
ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS & VERIFIED ANSWERS
with Clear, Detailed Rationales
Document Type: Exam (Elaborations) / Study Guide
Academic Year:
Total Questions: 50 Multiple Choice
Includes: Correct Answers + Rationales
Grade: A+ Assured
ASSURED GRADE A+
Exam (Elaborations) • Detailed Rationales Page 1
,NUR 114 Nursing Fundamentals Comprehensive Final … 2026/2027 • Verified • Assured Grade A+
Questions & Verified Answers
1. A nurse is caring for a patient with a pressure injury that has full-thickness skin loss
involving damage to the subcutaneous tissue, but does not extend through the underlying
fascia. How should the nurse document this?
A. Stage 2 Pressure Injury
B. Stage 3 Pressure Injury
C. Stage 4 Pressure Injury
D. Unstageable Pressure Injury
Answer: B
Rationale: Stage 3 involves full-thickness skin loss with damage to subcutaneous tissue. Stage 2 is
partial-thickness, and Stage 4 involves exposed bone, tendon, or muscle. Remembering this point will
help you decide the best nursing action when similar questions appear on the exam. Link the answer
to the client’s current condition and risk level. This is important because the nurse must choose the
action that keeps the client safest while still meeting their basic needs. Always think about safety first
when answering these questions.
2. When interpreting arterial blood gas (ABG) results, a nurse notes a pH of 7.30, a PaCO2 of
50 mmHg, and a HCO3 of 24 mEq/L. Which condition does this indicate?
A. Metabolic Acidosis
B. Metabolic Alkalosis
C. Respiratory Alkalosis
D. Respiratory Acidosis
Answer: D
Rationale: A low pH (under 7.35) indicates acidosis. An elevated PaCO2 (over 45 mmHg) with a
normal bicarbonate indicates the cause is respiratory. This knowledge supports safe care and helps
the nurse teach the client and family clearly and simply. Clear teaching improves cooperation and
reduces anxiety. This knowledge supports safe care and helps the nurse teach the client and family
clearly and simply. Clear teaching improves cooperation and reduces anxiety.
Exam (Elaborations) • Detailed Rationales Page 2
, NUR 114 Nursing Fundamentals Comprehensive Final … 2026/2027 • Verified • Assured Grade A+
3. The nurse is applying the principle of Beneficence. Which action best exemplifies this?
A. Answering a client’s questions honestly regarding a prognosis.
B. Providing the same level of care to all clients regardless of status.
C. Ensuring the client signs an informed consent before surgery.
D. Implementing a turning schedule to prevent skin breakdown in an immobile patient.
Answer: D
Rationale: Beneficence refers to taking positive actions to help others. Preventing skin breakdown is
an act of doing good for the patient. This is important because the nurse must choose the action that
keeps the client safest while still meeting their basic needs. Always think about safety first when
answering these questions. Understanding this helps the nurse notice early warning signs and act
before the problem gets worse. Early action often prevents bigger complications for the client.
4. A client is diagnosed with hypokalemia. Which electrocardiogram (ECG) change should
the nurse monitor for?
A. Tall, peaked T waves
B. Shortened ST segment
C. Widened QRS complex
D. Prominent U waves
Answer: D
Rationale: Hypokalemia is associated with the presence of U waves, ST-segment depression, and
flattened T waves. Peaked T waves are seen in hyperkalemia. Understanding this helps the nurse
notice early warning signs and act before the problem gets worse. Early action often prevents bigger
complications for the client. In practice, this guides the nurse to set priorities and protect the client from
harm. Safety, nutrition, and clear communication are frequent priorities.
Exam (Elaborations) • Detailed Rationales Page 3
