NURS 5220: ADVANCED HEALTH
ASSESSMENT - COMPREHENSIVE
EXAM (EYES, EARS, NOSE, THROAT,
CHEST, LUNGS, HEART, AND BLOOD
VESSELS)
1. During an ophthalmoscopic examination, you observe a cup-to-disc ratio of 0.6. Which
condition should you primarily suspect?
A. Normal variation
B. Glaucoma
C. Macular degeneration
D. Papilledema
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: A cup-to-disc ratio greater than 0.5 suggests a loss of nerve
fibers, which is a classic clinical indicator of glaucoma due to increased intraocular
pressure.
,2. When performing the Weber test, the patient reports that the sound lateralizes to the right
ear. The Rinne test shows that Air Conduction is greater than Bone Conduction (AC > BC) in
both ears. What is the most likely interpretation?
A. Conductive hearing loss in the right ear
B. Conductive hearing loss in the left ear
C. Sensorineural hearing loss in the left ear
D. Sensorineural hearing loss in the right ear
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: In the Weber test, sound lateralizes to the ‘good’ ear in
sensorineural loss and the ‘bad’ ear in conductive loss. Since Rinne is normal (AC > BC), the
loss is sensorineural, and lateralization to the right indicates the left ear is the affected one.
3. A patient presents with a ‘curtain-like’ loss of vision in one eye. This symptom is most
characteristic of which of the following?
A. Amaurosis fugax
B. Acute angle-closure glaucoma
C. Cataracts
D. Retinal detachment
Answer: D
, Conceptual Explanation: Retinal detachment is often described as a shadow or curtain
descending over the field of vision, which is a medical emergency.
4. Upon inspection of the nasal mucosa, you note pale, boggy, and bluish turbinates. These
findings are most consistent with:
A. Allergic rhinitis
B. Cocaine abuse
C. Acute viral rhinitis
D. Bacterial sinusitis
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: Pale, bluish, or boggy turbinates are classic signs of allergic
rhinitis, whereas viral rhinitis usually presents with erythematous (red) mucosa.
5. A 65-year-old male smoker presents with increased tactile fremitus and dullness to
percussion over the right lower lobe. What is the most likely diagnosis?
A. Pneumonia (Consolidation)
B. Pneumothorax
C. Emphysema
D. Pleural effusion
Answer: A
ASSESSMENT - COMPREHENSIVE
EXAM (EYES, EARS, NOSE, THROAT,
CHEST, LUNGS, HEART, AND BLOOD
VESSELS)
1. During an ophthalmoscopic examination, you observe a cup-to-disc ratio of 0.6. Which
condition should you primarily suspect?
A. Normal variation
B. Glaucoma
C. Macular degeneration
D. Papilledema
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: A cup-to-disc ratio greater than 0.5 suggests a loss of nerve
fibers, which is a classic clinical indicator of glaucoma due to increased intraocular
pressure.
,2. When performing the Weber test, the patient reports that the sound lateralizes to the right
ear. The Rinne test shows that Air Conduction is greater than Bone Conduction (AC > BC) in
both ears. What is the most likely interpretation?
A. Conductive hearing loss in the right ear
B. Conductive hearing loss in the left ear
C. Sensorineural hearing loss in the left ear
D. Sensorineural hearing loss in the right ear
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: In the Weber test, sound lateralizes to the ‘good’ ear in
sensorineural loss and the ‘bad’ ear in conductive loss. Since Rinne is normal (AC > BC), the
loss is sensorineural, and lateralization to the right indicates the left ear is the affected one.
3. A patient presents with a ‘curtain-like’ loss of vision in one eye. This symptom is most
characteristic of which of the following?
A. Amaurosis fugax
B. Acute angle-closure glaucoma
C. Cataracts
D. Retinal detachment
Answer: D
, Conceptual Explanation: Retinal detachment is often described as a shadow or curtain
descending over the field of vision, which is a medical emergency.
4. Upon inspection of the nasal mucosa, you note pale, boggy, and bluish turbinates. These
findings are most consistent with:
A. Allergic rhinitis
B. Cocaine abuse
C. Acute viral rhinitis
D. Bacterial sinusitis
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: Pale, bluish, or boggy turbinates are classic signs of allergic
rhinitis, whereas viral rhinitis usually presents with erythematous (red) mucosa.
5. A 65-year-old male smoker presents with increased tactile fremitus and dullness to
percussion over the right lower lobe. What is the most likely diagnosis?
A. Pneumonia (Consolidation)
B. Pneumothorax
C. Emphysema
D. Pleural effusion
Answer: A
