NUR 114 Exam 4: Fundamentals of Nursing & NCLEX P… 2026/2027 • Verified • Assured Grade A+
✓ VERIFIED • 2026/2027 UPDATE • 100% ACCURATE
NUR 114 Exam 4: Fundamentals of Nursing & NCLEX Prep
2026/2027 UPDATE
ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS & VERIFIED ANSWERS
with Clear, Detailed Rationales
Document Type: Exam (Elaborations) / Study Guide
Academic Year:
Total Questions: 50 Multiple Choice
Includes: Correct Answers + Rationales
Grade: A+ Assured
ASSURED GRADE A+
Exam (Elaborations) • Detailed Rationales Page 1
,NUR 114 Exam 4: Fundamentals of Nursing & NCLEX P… 2026/2027 • Verified • Assured Grade A+
Questions & Verified Answers
1. A nurse is caring for a patient with a potassium level of 6.2 mEq/L. Which of the following
ECG changes should the nurse expect to observe?
A. Tall, peaked T waves
B. Prominent U waves
C. ST-segment depression
D. Inverted T waves
Answer: A
Rationale: Hyperkalemia (potassium > 5.0 mEq/L) typically manifests on an ECG as tall, peaked T
waves, widened QRS complexes, and prolonged PR intervals. U waves are associated with
hypokalemia. Knowing the reason behind the correct answer makes it easier to rule out the wrong
options quickly. Look for the choice that protects the client and matches the priority need. Exam
questions often test whether you can pick the most practical and safe choice for the client in real
situations. Focus on what the nurse can actually do right now.
2. A patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is receiving oxygen via
nasal cannula. Why must the nurse be cautious about high-flow oxygen delivery in this
patient?
A. It increases the risk of oxygen toxicity to the retinas.
B. It may lead to sudden pulmonary edema.
C. It can suppress the patient’s hypoxic drive to breathe.
D. is receiving oxygen via nasal cannula. Why must the nurse be cautious about high-flow oxygen
delivery in this patient?
Answer: C
Rationale: In patients with chronic hypercapnia (like COPD), the stimulus to breathe changes from
high CO2 levels to low O2 levels (hypoxic drive). Providing too much oxygen can decrease this drive,
leading to respiratory hypoventilation or arrest. Exam questions often test whether you can pick the
most practical and safe choice for the client in real situations. Focus on what the nurse can actually do
right now. Knowing the reason behind the correct answer makes it easier to rule out the wrong options
quickly. Look for the choice that protects the client and matches the priority need.
Exam (Elaborations) • Detailed Rationales Page 2
, NUR 114 Exam 4: Fundamentals of Nursing & NCLEX P… 2026/2027 • Verified • Assured Grade A+
3. When interpreting Arterial Blood Gas (ABG) results, the nurse notes: pH 7.30, PaCO2 50
mmHg, and HCO3 26 mEq/L. Which acid-base imbalance is present?
A. Metabolic Acidosis
B. Respiratory Acidosis
C. Respiratory Alkalosis
D. Metabolic Alkalosis
Answer: B
Rationale: The pH is low (< 7.35), indicating acidosis. The PaCO2 is high (> 45 mmHg), which
corresponds with the acidic pH, indicating a respiratory origin. The HCO3 is within normal range,
suggesting no compensation yet. Knowing the reason behind the correct answer makes it easier to
rule out the wrong options quickly. Look for the choice that protects the client and matches the priority
need. Knowing the reason behind the correct answer makes it easier to rule out the wrong options
quickly. Look for the choice that protects the client and matches the priority need.
4. A nurse is preparing to administer a cleansing enema to a patient. What is the
recommended height to hold the enema bag above the patient’s anus?
A. 12 to 18 inches
B. 6 to 8 inches
C. 20 to 24 inches
D. 2 to 4 inches
Answer: A
Rationale: Holding the bag 12 to 18 inches (30 to 45 cm) above the anus allows for a safe, steady
flow. Holding it higher increases pressure too much, causing cramping and rapid fluid entry. In
practice, this guides the nurse to set priorities and protect the client from harm. Safety, nutrition, and
clear communication are frequent priorities. Clear understanding of this concept improves both test
performance and everyday clinical judgment. Practice applying it to short case scenarios to lock the
idea in place.
Exam (Elaborations) • Detailed Rationales Page 3
✓ VERIFIED • 2026/2027 UPDATE • 100% ACCURATE
NUR 114 Exam 4: Fundamentals of Nursing & NCLEX Prep
2026/2027 UPDATE
ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS & VERIFIED ANSWERS
with Clear, Detailed Rationales
Document Type: Exam (Elaborations) / Study Guide
Academic Year:
Total Questions: 50 Multiple Choice
Includes: Correct Answers + Rationales
Grade: A+ Assured
ASSURED GRADE A+
Exam (Elaborations) • Detailed Rationales Page 1
,NUR 114 Exam 4: Fundamentals of Nursing & NCLEX P… 2026/2027 • Verified • Assured Grade A+
Questions & Verified Answers
1. A nurse is caring for a patient with a potassium level of 6.2 mEq/L. Which of the following
ECG changes should the nurse expect to observe?
A. Tall, peaked T waves
B. Prominent U waves
C. ST-segment depression
D. Inverted T waves
Answer: A
Rationale: Hyperkalemia (potassium > 5.0 mEq/L) typically manifests on an ECG as tall, peaked T
waves, widened QRS complexes, and prolonged PR intervals. U waves are associated with
hypokalemia. Knowing the reason behind the correct answer makes it easier to rule out the wrong
options quickly. Look for the choice that protects the client and matches the priority need. Exam
questions often test whether you can pick the most practical and safe choice for the client in real
situations. Focus on what the nurse can actually do right now.
2. A patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is receiving oxygen via
nasal cannula. Why must the nurse be cautious about high-flow oxygen delivery in this
patient?
A. It increases the risk of oxygen toxicity to the retinas.
B. It may lead to sudden pulmonary edema.
C. It can suppress the patient’s hypoxic drive to breathe.
D. is receiving oxygen via nasal cannula. Why must the nurse be cautious about high-flow oxygen
delivery in this patient?
Answer: C
Rationale: In patients with chronic hypercapnia (like COPD), the stimulus to breathe changes from
high CO2 levels to low O2 levels (hypoxic drive). Providing too much oxygen can decrease this drive,
leading to respiratory hypoventilation or arrest. Exam questions often test whether you can pick the
most practical and safe choice for the client in real situations. Focus on what the nurse can actually do
right now. Knowing the reason behind the correct answer makes it easier to rule out the wrong options
quickly. Look for the choice that protects the client and matches the priority need.
Exam (Elaborations) • Detailed Rationales Page 2
, NUR 114 Exam 4: Fundamentals of Nursing & NCLEX P… 2026/2027 • Verified • Assured Grade A+
3. When interpreting Arterial Blood Gas (ABG) results, the nurse notes: pH 7.30, PaCO2 50
mmHg, and HCO3 26 mEq/L. Which acid-base imbalance is present?
A. Metabolic Acidosis
B. Respiratory Acidosis
C. Respiratory Alkalosis
D. Metabolic Alkalosis
Answer: B
Rationale: The pH is low (< 7.35), indicating acidosis. The PaCO2 is high (> 45 mmHg), which
corresponds with the acidic pH, indicating a respiratory origin. The HCO3 is within normal range,
suggesting no compensation yet. Knowing the reason behind the correct answer makes it easier to
rule out the wrong options quickly. Look for the choice that protects the client and matches the priority
need. Knowing the reason behind the correct answer makes it easier to rule out the wrong options
quickly. Look for the choice that protects the client and matches the priority need.
4. A nurse is preparing to administer a cleansing enema to a patient. What is the
recommended height to hold the enema bag above the patient’s anus?
A. 12 to 18 inches
B. 6 to 8 inches
C. 20 to 24 inches
D. 2 to 4 inches
Answer: A
Rationale: Holding the bag 12 to 18 inches (30 to 45 cm) above the anus allows for a safe, steady
flow. Holding it higher increases pressure too much, causing cramping and rapid fluid entry. In
practice, this guides the nurse to set priorities and protect the client from harm. Safety, nutrition, and
clear communication are frequent priorities. Clear understanding of this concept improves both test
performance and everyday clinical judgment. Practice applying it to short case scenarios to lock the
idea in place.
Exam (Elaborations) • Detailed Rationales Page 3
